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"Pekerja operator pesawat angkut merupakan pekerjaan yang sangat berisiko terjadi dehidrasi dan penurunan fungsi ginjal karena sebagian besar pekerja di PT X pada waktu istirahat lebih memilih untuk bertahan di dalam kabin pesawat angkut daripada beristirahat di base camp serta banyak pekerja yang tidak membawa minum saat bekerja. Penyakit ginjal kronis memberikan efek terhadap biaya kesehatan yang sangat besar dan penurunan tingkat produktivitas. Oleh karena itu, diadakan program hidrasi di PT X. Program hidrasi dilakukan dengan cara pekerja dianjurkan mengkonsumsi air 2,5 L saat bekerja. Program hidrasi dilaksanakan selama 1 tahun. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain kohort retrospektif. Untuk membandingkan perubahan nilai GFR menggunakan uji perbandingan rerata (untuk data numerik) serta Uji McNemar (untuk data kategorik). Untuk menilai faktor yang berhubungan terhadap perubahan GFR digunakan analisis regresi logistik. Hasil: Fungsi ginjal pada operator pesawat angkut setelah program hidrasi antara 2019 dan 2021 mengalami perbaikan (mc nemar p< 0,001).Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa factor individu yang berpengaruh terhadap perubahan fungsi ginjal adalah obesitas. Kesimpulan: Terdapat peningkatan fungsi ginjal pada operator pesawat angkut setelah kebijakan program hidrasi antara 2019 dan 2021.Program hidrasi dengan 2,5 L air selama 1 tahun dapat memperbaiki status dehidrasi pada pekerja dan berbeda bermakna pada pekerja non obes.

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Crane operator workers are very risky for dehydration and decreased kidney function. Most of the workers in PT X during their break prefer to stay in the cabin of the transport plane rather than rest at the base camp, and many workers do not bring a drink to work. Chronic kidney disease affects enormous health costs and reduced productivity levels. Therefore, a hydration program was held at PT X. The hydration program is carried out so that workers are advised to consume 2.5 L of water while working. The hydration program is implemented for one year. Methods: The study was conducted with a retrospective cohort design. We compared changes in the value of GFR before and after the hydration program using the mean comparison test (for numerical data) and McNemar's test (for categorical data). A logistic regression test was performed to assess the factors associated with changes in GFR. Results: Kidney function in crane operator workers after the hydration program policy between 2019 and 2021 were improved (McNemar p <0.001). Bivariate analysis shows that the individual factors affecting kidney function changes were obesity. Conclusion: There was improved kidney function in crane operator workers after the hydration program policy between 2019 and 2021. A hydration program with 2.5 L of water for one year can enhance the status of dehydration in workers and significantly different in non-obese workers."

"ABSTRAKAir mempunyai peranan penting untuk tubuh. Akan tetapi, dehidrasi menjadi salah satu masalah di Indonesia. Pada mahasiswa kesehatan diperkirakan mempunyai pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku terkait masalah kesehatan dibandingkan dengan mahsiswa non-kesehatan. Tujuan: Untuk membandingkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku asupan cairan dan status hidrasi antara mahasiswa kesehatan dan non-kesehatan di Asrama Universitas Indonesia, Depok. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang ini mempunyai responden yaitu mahasiswa yang tinggal di Asrama Universitas Indonesia usia 18-21 tahun. Kuesioner pengetahuan dan sikap (kuesioner FIHS) yang tervalidasi digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap terkait asupan cairan dan status hidrasi, pengukuran perilaku asupan cairan menggunakan catatan minuman 7 hari, pengukuran status hidrasi menggunakan metode urine color (Ucol) dan Urine specific gravity (Usg), kuesioner aktivitas fisik internasional untuk mengetahui aktivitas fisik, dan sosio-ekonomi demografi menggununakan kuesioner terstruktur. Hasil: Pada penelitian ini ditemukan pada kedua kelompok, antara mahasiswa kesehatan dan non-kesehatan mempunyai aktivitas fisik yang rendah, yaitu masing-masing 71.2% and 72,4%. Berdasarkan kuesioner FIHS mahasiswa kesehatan mempunyai nilai sikap yang lebih tinggi daripada mahasiswa non-kesehatan (p<0.001), sementara itu pada nilai pengetahuan tidak ada perbedaan antara mahasiswa kesehatan (7.37±1.37) dan non-kesehatan (7.28±1.25). Lebih dari 50% responden di kedua grup ditemukan dehidrasi bedasarkan pengukuran hidrasi status menggunakan Ucol dan Usg. Pada mahasiswa kesehatan dan non-keseehatan yang cukup minum signifikan lebih tinggi tingkat pengetahuan mengenai asupan minum dan status hidrasi daripada mahasiswa yang kurang minum. Kesimpulan: Maka dari itu, dibutuhkan intervensi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap sehingga perilaku dan status hidrasi dapat lebih baik berdasarkan jurusan responden.

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ABSTRACTWater has an important role in normal body function. However, dehydration becomes one of the health problems in Indonesia. It is assumed that health science students have greater knowledge, attitude, and practice related to health issues compared to non-health science students. Objective: To compare the knowledge, attitude, practice of daily fluid intake and hydration status between health and non-health science students in Dormitory of Universitas Indonesia, Depok. Method: The respondents were the undergraduate students who stayed in the dormitory of Universitas Indonesia aged 18-21 years. Validated questionnaire of knowledge and attitude (FIHS Questionnaire) were used to assess knowledge and attitude regarding fluid intake and hydration status, practice of daily fluid intake was used 7-day fluid record, hydration status measurement was used Urine color (Ucol) and Urine specific gravity (Usg) methods, short international physical activity questionnaire (Short-IPAQ) was used to assess physical activity, and socio-eco demographic characteristics were assessed using structured questionnaire. Results: In this study found both in two groups, health science and non-health science had low physical activity, 71.2% and 72.4% respectively. Based on FIHS questionnaire, health science students had a higher score of an attitude than non-health science students (p<0.001), meanwhile for their knowledge there was no difference score both in health science students (7.37±1.37) and non-health science students (7.28±1.25). More than 50% of respondents both in the two groups were dehydrated based on hydration measurement used Ucol and Usg. Among health science and non-health science students who had enough drinking significantly higher in knowledge regarding fluid intake and hydration status than the students with less drinking. Conclusion: Therefore, it was needed to conduct the intervention for increasing knowledge and attitude to make better practice and hydration status based on respondent majority."

"Latar belakang: Anak berusia 2-6 tahun berada pada fase terbaik untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan fisik dan otak mereka, sehingga penting untuk memastikan kebutuhan gizi anak tercukupi. Anak dengan perilaku picky eating cenderung menolak makanan baru atau asing dan selektif terhadap makanan, menyebabkan terbatasnya jumlah dan variasi asupan makan anak. Hal ini memunculkan kemungkinan tidak tercukupinya kebutuhan nutrisi anak, yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara perilaku picky eating dengan status gizi pada anak.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang. 64 subjek merupakan anak berusia 2-6 tahun di wilayah Jakarta yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Penggolongan anak sebagai picky eating atau tidak picky eating didapatkan melalui kuesioner Child Eating Behaviour. Status gizi diukur berdasarkan z-skor berat badan per tinggi badan. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji Fisher (p<0,05).Hasil: Persentase anak picky eating pada populasi anak di wilayah Jakarta adalah 46,9%. Rata-rata skor food fussiness yang digunakan sebagai cut-off adalah 2,75. Prevalensi perilaku picky eating tertinggi di usia 3 tahun sampai usia 4 tahun dengan 4 tahun sebagai puncak (58%). Sebagian besar status gizi subjek populasi adalah normal (90,6%). Terdapat perbedaan proporsi status gizi antara picky eating dan tidak, anak dengan status gizi kurang lebih banyak ditemukan pada anak yang pilih-pilih makanan (6,7% pada kelompok picky eating dan 2,9% pada yang tidak), namun tidak bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05).Simpulan: Tidak ada hubungan perilaku picky eating dengan status gizi pada anak berusia 2-6 tahun.

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Background: Children aged 2-6 years are in the best phase for growth and development of their physical and brain, so it is important to ensure that children's nutritional needs are fulfilled. Children with picky eating tend to refuse new or unfamiliar foods and are selective about food, causing limitation of the quantity and variety of children's food intake. This raises possibility that the child's nutritional needs are not fulfilled, which can cause disruption to the child's growth and development.

Aim: To determine the relationship between picky eating behavior and nutritional status in children aged 2-6 Years Old in Jakarta in 2020.

Methods: This study used a cross sectional design. 64 subjects were children aged 2-6 years in the Jakarta area who met the inclusion criteria. The classification of children as picky eating or not picky eating is obtained through the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Nutritional status was measured based on weight per height z-score. Data were analyzed using Fisher's Test (p<0,05).

Results: The percentage of picky eatings in the child population in DKI Jakarta is 46.9%. The mean food fussiness score which were used as the cut-off was 2.75. The highest prevalence of picky eating behavior occurs at the age of 3 to 4 years with the peak at 4 years (58%). Most of the population has normal nutritional status (90.6%). There is a difference in the proportion of nutritional status between childrens who were picky and those who do not. Children with poor nutritional status are more often found in children who are picky eatings. However, statistics showed that there is no relationship between picky eating behavior and nutritional status (p>0,05).

Conclusion: There is no relationship between picky eating behavior and nutritional status in children aged 2-6 years."

"Ketahanan pangan rumah tangga menjadi salah satu faktor dalam pemenuhan gizi dan konsumsi rumah tangga. Pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan semakin terbatasnya akses pangan bagi rumah tangga, sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan kerawanan pangan. Guna menanggulangi kerawanan pangan, rumah tangga melakukan food coping strategy. Penelitian di pemukiman kumuh di Depok menunjukkan sebanyak 51,3% rumah tangga memiliki skor food coping strategy tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran food coping strategy dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan food coping strategy pada rumah tangga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari Studi Ketahanan Pangan Keluarga dalam Kondisi Pandemi Covid-19 di Wilayah Urban dan Semi Urban Tahun 2020. Responden berjumlah 259 rumah tangga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pekerjaan kepala rumah tangga, pendidikan pasangan, pendapatan rumah tangga, status menerima bantuan pemerintah dan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dengan penggunaan food coping strategy. Faktor yang paling dominan terhadap food coping strategy adalah rumah tangga rawan pangan. Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dilakukan edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang diversifikasi pangan dan promosi potensi pangan lokal agar tercapainya ketahanan pangan rumah tangga

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Household food security is one of the factors in the fulfilment of nutrition and household consumption. The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in increasingly limited access to food for households, thus potentially causing food insecurity. To overcome food insecurity, households adopt a food coping strategy. Research in slums area in Depok shows that 51.3% of households have a high food coping strategy score. This study aims to determine the food coping strategy and the factors associated with the food coping strategy in the household. This study is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Study of Family Food Security in the Conditions of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Urban and Semi-Urban Areas in 2020. This study is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 259 households. The results showed that there was relationship between occupation of household head, spouse education, household income, status of receiving government assistance and household food security with food coping strategy. The dominant factor in food coping strategy is household food security. From the results of this study, it is hoped that education about food diversification and promotion of local food potential can be carried out to achieve household food security."

"Latar belakang: Dampak malnutrisi seperti stunting, wasting, dan underweight pada 1000 hari pertama kehidupan irreversible, namun dapat dicegah dengan makanan pendamping ASI yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan ketercapaian minimum dietary diversity (MDD) dengan status gizi anak usia 6-23 bulan di Jakarta Timur pada pandemi COVID-19 tahun 2020. Metode: Studi cross-sectional ini menggunakan data sekunder penelitian di Jakarta Timur, dengan jumlah sampel 102 subjek berusia 6-23 bulan. Data terkait MDD diperoleh melalui food recall 24 jam yang kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam kuesioner MDD. Data terkait usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan ibu, dan pendapatan rumah tangga juga dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. Analisis data dilakukan melalui uji chi square dan regresi logistik menggunakan aplikasi SPSS Statistics versi 25. Hasil: Mayoritas subjek penelitian berusia 12-17 bulan (39,2%) dengan proporsi yang sama antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Sebanyak 52% subjek mencapai MDD pada asupan hari sebelumnya. Stunting merupakan status gizi terbanyak (20,6%) dibandingkan dengan wasting (15,7%) dan underweight (12,7%). Tidak ditemukan hubungan signifikan antara ketercapaian MDD dan status gizi subjek, tetapi jenis kelamin dianggap berhubungan dengan stunting (p=0,003; 95% CI=1,81-19,03) dan underweight (p=0,012; 95% CI =1,54-36,73). Kesimpulan: Dalam menganalisis hubungan kualitas asupan dengan status gizi, aspek lain seperti jumlah asupan juga perlu diperhatikan.

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the 1000 first days of life are irreversible, but could be prevented by giving high quality complementary feeding practice. This study aims to examine the relationship between achievement of minimum dietary diversity (MDD) with nutritional status among children aged 6-23 months in East Jakarta during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This cross-sectional study used secondary data from a research in Kampung Melayu Village, East Jakarta, with a total sampling of 102 subjects aged 6-23 months. Data related to MDD was obtained through a 24-hour food recall, which was then entered into the MDD achievement questionnaire. Data related to age, gender, mother's education level, and household income were also analyzed in this study. Data analysis was carried out through the chi square test and logistic regression using SPSS Statistics application version 25. Result: Majority of subjects in the study were 12-17 months (39.2%) and with an equal proportion between male and female. A total of 52% of subjects achieved MDD on the previous day's food intake. Stunting is the most prevalent nutritional status (20.6%) compared to wasting (15.7%) and underweight (12.7%). No significant relationship was found between the achievement of MDD and the nutritional status of the subjects, but gender was considered to be related to stunting (p=0.003; 95% CI=1.81-19.03) and underweight (p=0.012; 95% CI=1.54-36.73). Conclusion: In analyzing the relationship between the quality of intake and nutritional status, other aspects such as the amount of intake also need to be taken into account."

"Permasalahan gizi di Indonesia masih merupakan pekerjaan rumah yang besar, dimana menurut Riskesdas tahun 2018 menunjukkan 17,7% balita di Indonesia masih bermasalah dengan status gizinya. Pada tahun 2020, pandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi berdampak secara langsung terhadap pelayanan kesehatan, salah satunya pelayanan gizi. Dengan berbagai regulasi maupun kebijakan yang bergulir di masa pandemi, salah satunya pembatasan pelayanan, evaluasi pada pelaksanaannya harus ada dan sigap untuk disikapi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi pelayanan gizi pada bayi dan balita di masa pandemi Covid-19 di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Cinere. Desain penelitian yang digunakan ialah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Kerangka konsep mengacu pada model proses implementasi kebijakan Van Matter dan Van Horn dengan pendekatan critical thinking analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja implementasi pelayanan gizi pada bayi dan balita belum terlaksana dengan optimal. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan masalah gizi yang cukup signifikan di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Cinere selama masa pandemi. Selain itu mayoritas programnya pun belum memenuhi capaian target tahunan. Hasil analisa kausalitas di masing-masing variabel ditemukan jika ketakutan dan kekhawatiran ibu, kurangnya sumber daya, baik tenaga kesehatan dansarana prasarana, serta kurangnya pemahaman para pelaksana merupakan faktor paling menonjol yang mempengaruhinya. Namun dengan segala keterbatasan yang ada, Kader Posyandu Pangkalan Jati Baru dinilai sebagai pelaku positive deviance dan Posyandu Keliling sebagai creative action yang selanjutnya memungkinkan untuk diaplikasikan di daerah lain. Penelitian ini menghasilkan 3 rekomendasi utama. Untuk jangka pendek, rekomendasi rekruitmen tenaga kesehatan. Untuk jangka menengah, rekomendasi pemanfaatan teknologi informasi. Untuk jangan Panjang, rekomendasi pembangunan penambahan Puskesmas baru (Unit Pelaksana Fungsional).

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Nutritional problems in Indonesia are still a big issue. According to Riskesdas 2018 shows

that 17,7% of young children in Indonesia have problems with their nutritional status. In

2020, Covid-19 pandemic impact directly on health services, one of which is nutrition

services. The limitation of nutrition services is one of government policies in tackling

Covid-19 pandemic. An evaluation of its implementation should be used to improve the

next strategy. This study aims to determine the implementation of nutrition services

policy for baby and young children during the Covid-19 pandemic in the working area of

Cinere Public Health Center. The research used qualitative research with in-depth

interview and document review as methods. The conceptual framework based on the

model of the policy implementation process of Van Matter and Van Horn, and critical

thinking approach to analysis. The results show that the performance of nutrition services

for baby and young children have not been implemented optimally during pandemic. This

study found evidence of a significant rise in stunting, wasting, and underweight among

children in the working area of Cinere Public Health Center. In addition, the majority of

programs have not reached the annual target. The causality analysis in each variable were

found that the mother’s fear and concern, lack of resources (health workers and logistics),

and lack of understanding of the staff were the most influencing factors. However, with

all the limitations, Pangkalan Jati Baru cadre is considered as actor of positive deviance

that able to perform Posyandu Keliling as a creative action. There are 3 recommendations

in order to keep nutrition services running properly during pandemic in the Work Area of

Cinere Public Health Center. For the short time is health workers recruitment. For the

medium term is developing telemedicine, such as teleconsultation legally and properly.

For long term is recommendation to build the Unit Pelaksana Fungsional (UPF)

Puskesmas."

"Jumlah penderita diare pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Makasar mengalami kenaikan dari tahun 2014 sampai 2016. Kelurahan Kebon Pala menjadi penyumbang terbanyak dari keseluruhan kasus diare. Jumlah penderita diare balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kelurahan Kebon Pala tahun 2014 sebesar 182 kasus kemudian naik tahun 2015 sebesar 251 kasus dan mengalami penurunan pada tahun 2016 sebesar 238 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kelurahan Kebon Pala. Disain penelitian yaitu case control, kasus adalah penderita diare yang tercatat dalam register puskesmas selama 14 hari terakhir waktu penelitian berlangsung dan kontrol adalah tetangga kasus. Jumlah sampel masing-masing kontrol dan kasus 60 responden. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara langsung dan observasi menggunakan kuesioner. Kuesioner berisikan pertanyaan perilaku cuci tangan pakai sabun, pemberian ASI eksklusif, sumber air bersih, sarana jamban dan sarana pembuangan sampah. Penelitian ini didapatkan hasil adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara perilaku cuci tangan pakai sabun nilai p 0.005; OR 5,107 , pemberian ASI eksklusif nilai p 0,005; OR 4,030 , sarana jamban nilai p 0,022; OR 2,993 dan sarana pembuangan sampah niali p 0,003; OR 3,406 dengan kejadian diare pada balita.

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The number of diarrhea sufferers in under five children in the working area of Puskesmas Kecamatan Makasar increased from 2014 to 2016. Kebon Pala village became the biggest contributor of all diarrhea cases. The number of diarrhea sufferers in the work area of Kebon Pala Public Health Center in 2014 amounted to 182 cases and then increased in 2015 by 251 cases and decreased in 2016 by 238 cases. This study aims to determine the risk factors of diarrhea occurrence in infants in the working area of Kebon Pala Public Health Center. The case study design was case control. The case was diarrhea sufferer recorded in the puskesmas register for the last 14 days while the study took place and the control was neighboring case. The number of samples of each control and case are 60 respondents. Data was collected by direct interview and observation using questionnaire. The questionnaire contains questions on handwashing behavior with soap, exclusive breastfeeding, clean water sources, toilet facilities and garbage disposal facilities. The results of this study showed that there was a significant relationship between handwashing with soap p 0.005, OR 5,107 , exclusive breastfeeding p value 0.005, OR 4.030 , toilet facilities p value 0.022, OR 2,993 and garbage disposal facilities Niali p 0,003 OR 3,406 with the incidence of diarrhea in infants."

"

Sugar Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) merupakan jenis minuman yang paling banyak dikonsumsi oleh usia remaja. Mengonsumsi SSBs secara berlebihan dapat memberikan dampak buruk terhadap kesehatan, salah satunya yaitu meningkatkan risiko kegemukan pada remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan konsumsi SSBs serta hubungan antara konsumsi SSBs dengan status gizi pada siswa di SMPN 2 Bandung tahun 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan Februari dan Maret 2020 di SMPN 2 Bandung dengan jumlah responden 153 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengukuran antropometri dan pengisian kuesioner. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara univariat, analisis bivariat dengan chi square, dan analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik ganda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis univariat diketahui 69,9% responden mengonsumsi SSBs tingkat tinggi (> 2 kali/hari). Hasil bivariat menunjukkan pendidikan ibu, ketersediaan SSBs di rumah, dan paparan media memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap konsumsi SSBs. Analasis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi SSBs adalah pendidikan ibu (OR: 3,03), setelah dikontrol oleh variabel paparan media, ketersedian SSBs di rumah dan aktifitas fisik. Responden dengan ibu berpendidikan rendah berpeluang 3 kali lebih tinggi mengonsumsi SSBs tingkat tinggi dibandingkan responden dengan ibu berpendidikan tinggi. Pada penelitian ini juga diketahui bahwa konsumsi SSBs berhubungan dengan status gizi (OR: 2,45). Konsumsi SSBs tinggi berisiko mengalami kegemukan. Peneliti menyarankan siswa mengurangi kebiasaan mengonsumsi SSBs dengan cara mengganti SSBs dengan minuman yang lebih sehat seperti susu plain, pihak sekolah memasukkan hal-hal terkait SSBs pada salah satu mata pelajaran, dan orang tua membatasi ketersediaan SSBs di rumah.

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Sugar Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) are the type of drink most consumed by adolescents. Excessive consumption of SSBs can give a negative impact for health, one of which is increasing the risk of being obesity in adolescents. This study aims to determine the factors most related to SSBs consumption and the relationship between SSBs consumption and nutritional status of students at SMPN 2 Bandung in 2020. This study conducted in February and March 2020 at SMPN 2 Bandung with a total of 153 respondents, using a cross sectional study design. Data is collected by anthropometric measurements and filling out the questionnaires. The obtained data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate analysis with chi square test, and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression tests. Based on the results of univariate analysis it was found that 69,9% of respondents consumed high levels of SSBs (> 2 times /day). Bivariate results show that maternal education, availability of SSBs at home, and media exposure have a significant relationship to SSBs consumption. Multivariate analysis showed that the dominant factors associated with SSBs consumption were maternal education (OR: 3,03), after being controlled by media exposure variables, SSBs availability at home and physical activity. Respondents with low-educated mothers had a chance 3 times higher of consuming high-level SSBs compared to respondents with highly educated mothers. In this study it was also known that SSBs consumption was related to nutritional status (OR: 2,45). Consumption of high SSBs is at risk of being obesity. Researchers suggest students reduce their habits of consuming SSBs by replacing SSBs with healthier drinks such as plain milk, the school includes things related to SSBs in one subject, and parents limit the availability of SSBs at home.

"

"Latar Belakang: Beberapa penyakit ginjal sangat berhubungan dengan ukuran ginjal, sehingga pasien dengan masalah kronik seperti infeksi saluran kemih ISK berulang, refluks vesikoureter, atau neurogenic bladder memerlukan evaluasi pertumbuhan ginjal. Untuk menentukan adanya perubahan pada ukuran ginjal diperlukan standar ukuran ginjal normal yang dapat dipakai sebagai rujukan. Pemeriksaan ukuran ginjal pada anak dapat dilakukan dengan alat ultrasonografi.Metoda: Disain studi adalah deskriptif potong lintang. Pengukuran ginjal dilakukan dengan ultrasonografi 1,0-6,0 MHZ transduser konveks. Rerata panjang ginjal dan volume ginjal tiap kelompok usia dihitung dengan disertai standar deviasi. Korelasi panjang dan volume ginjal juga dilakukan terhadap parameter pertumbuhan antara lain usia, tinggi badan, dan berat badan.Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan menentukan nilai panjang dan volume ginjal anak sehat usia 6 sampai

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Background Some of kidney disease are correlated with the size of kidney so that patient wih chronic problems like reccurent urinary tract infections, vesicoureter reflux, or neurogenic bladder need evaluation of kidney growth. To determine changes in kidney size, it is important to have standard normal kidney size for references. Examination of children rsquo s kidney size can be done by ultrasonography.Methods A cross sectional descriptive study. The size of kidney was measured with 1,0 6,0 MHz convex transducer ultrasonography. Average length and volume of kidney at each classification of age were calculated with standard of deviation. Correlation kidney length and volume were also done with growth parameters e.g. age, height, and weight.Aim To determine kidney length and volume of healthy children age 6 "

"Latar Belakang: Penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK) merupakan terminologi baru yang dikeluarkan oleh the National Kidney Foundation’s Kidney Disease and Outcome Quality Initiative (NKF KDOQI) pada tahun 2002 untuk pasien yang mengalami kerusakan ginjal paling sedikit selama tiga bulan dengan atau tanpa penurunan LFG atau pasien yang memiliki LFG < 60 mL/menit/1,73 m2 lebih dari tiga bulan dengan atau tanpa kerusakan ginjal. Progresivitas PGK ditentukan oleh beberapa faktor risiko seperti hipertensi, proteinuria, anemia, genetik, ras, usia dan jenis kelamin. Terminologi PGK belum banyak digunakan di Indonesia, sehingga karakteristik dan kesintasan PGK stadium 3 dan 4 pada anak belum banyak diteliti.Tujuan: Mendapatkan karakteristik dan kesintasan PGK stadium 3 dan 4 pada anak yang berobat di Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FKUI-RSCMMetode: Desain penelitian ini adalah kohort prospektif historikal yang diambil dari rekam medis di Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FKUI-RSCM sejak Januari 2004 hingga 30 November 2012, kemudian diamati luaran akhirnya sampai penelitian dinyatakan selesai. Kriteria pemilihan subjek meliputi usia 2-18 tahun dan memenuhi kriteria PGK stadium 3 dan 4 menurut NKF KDOQI. Data ditabulasi untuk melihat karakteristik subjek. Kesintasan dianalisis dengan menggunakan Kaplan Meier dengan event yang dinilai adalah PGK stadium 5 atau kematian.Hasil: Dalam kurun waktu 8 tahun ditemukan 50 rekam medis yang masuk dalam analisis, terdiri atas 36 subjek PGK stadium 3 dan 14 subjek PGK stadium 4. Median usia adalah 7,9 (2-15) tahun dengan jenis kelamin perempuan (58 %) sedikit lebih banyak dari pada lelaki (42 %). Etiologi terbanyak adalah glomerulonefritis (56 %) dengan sindrom nefrotik memiliki proporsi terbesar. Gambaran klinis yang ditemukan adalah hipertensi (42 %), gizi kurang (40 %), anemia (70 %), gangguan elektrolit (78 %), asidosis (34 %), proteinuria (72 %), perawakan pendek (56 %), osteodistrofi renal (2 %), dan kardiomiopati dilatasi (14 %). Median kesintasan keseluruhan adalah 57,13 bulan (IK 95 % 11,18 sampai 103,09).Simpulan: PGK stadium 3 dan 4 sedikit lebih banyak terjadi pada perempuan (58 %) dengan etiologi terbanyak adalah glomerulonefritis (56 %). Komplikasi PGK di Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FKUI-RSCM yang paling sering adalah gangguan elektrolit (78 %), anemia (70 %), perawakan pendek (56 %), gizi kurang (46 %), dan hipertensi (42 %). Median kesintasan keseluruhan adalah 57,13 bulan (IK 95 % 11,18 sampai 103,09).

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Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a new terminology in 2002, defined by the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease and Outcome Quality Initiative (NKF KDOQI) Group to classify any patient who has kidney damage lasting for at least 3 months with or without a decreased GFR or any patient who has a GFR of less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 lasting for 3 months with or without kidney damage. The progression of established CKD is influenced by several risk factors, such as hypertension, proteinuria, anemia, genetic, race, age, and sex. In Indonesia, the term of CKD is not widely used so that its characteristic and renal survival remains sparse.

Objective: To find the characteristic and renal survival of pediatric chronic kidney disease in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.

Methods: A historical prospective cohort study was conducted from medical record in Department of Child Health CMH from January 2004 to November 2012. The outcome was followed up until the end of the study. The inclusion criteria were 2-18 years old children with chronic kidney disease stage 3 and 4 according to NKF KDOQI classification. Renal survival was analyzed by using Kaplan Meier survival function. The event was progression to CKD stage 5 or death.

Results: A total of 50 medical records were included in the analysis. Of those, 36 patients had CKD stage 3 and 14 patients had CKD stage 4. The median age at admission was 7.9 (2 to 15) years and 58 % were female. The most common etiology was glomerulonephritis (56 %) where nephrotic syndrome was the most frequent cause. The common clinical manifestations were hypertension (42 %), malnourished (40 %), anemia (70 %), electrolyte disturbance (78 %), acidosis (34 %), proteinuria (72 %), short stature (56 %), renal osteodystrophy (2 %), and dilated cardiomyopathy (14 %). Overall renal survival was 57.13 months (CI 95 % 11.18 to 103.09).

Conclusion: CKD stage 3 and 4 are more common in female (58 %) with glomerulonephritis (56 %) is the most common etiology. The most frequent complications are electrolyte disturbance (78 %), anemia (70 %), short stature (56 %), malnourished (46 %), and hypertension (42 %). Overall renal survival is 57.13 months (CI 95 % 11.18 to 103.09).

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