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"Latar belakang: Kegagalan pertumbuhan sering terjadi pada pasien talasemia mayor (TM). Tata laksana nutrisi merupakan salah satu aspek penting untuk mengoptimalkan hasil luaran klinis. Penilaian komposisi tubuh berupa persentase massa otot, persentase masa lemak dan densitas massa tulang (DMT) menjadi komponen penting dalam mengevaluasi status gizi. Hingga saat ini belum ada penelitian di Indonesia yang mengevaluasi hubungan antara asupan makronutrien dan mikronutrien terhadap komposisi tubuh pada pasien TM remaja serta hubungannya dengan berbagai parameter antropometri. Metode: Penelitian dengan desain studi potong lintang melibatkan 55 pasien TM remaja, berusia 10-18 tahun di Pusat Talasemia RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo. Status gizi dievaluasi disertai pengukuran lingkar lengan atas (LILA), triceps skin thicknes (TSK), dan mid-upper arm muscle circumference (MUAMC). Asupan makronutrien dan mikronutrien diperoleh melalui food record selama tiga hari. Persentase massa otot, massa lemak, dan DMT dinilai menggunakan dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Kadar vitamin D diperiksa melalui metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Pearson dan Spearman sesuai dengan pola distribusi normalitas.Hasil penelitian: Gizi kurang dijumpai pada 58,2% subjek dan gizi buruk pada 9,1% subjek. Rerata dan median asupan zat gizi harian dibandingkan dengan kebutuhannya pada subyek lelaki yakni asupan energi 85,6 % (SB 20,19), protein 55% (SB 14,19), lemak 112,4% (SB 35,48), karbohidrat 85,5 % (SB 23,31), vitamin D 29% (RIK 15,68-40,80), vitamin E 34,1% (SB 14,77), kalsium 37% (RIK 16,63-43,45), dan asam folat 32,98% (SB 14,6), sedangkan pada subyek perempuan asupan energi 93,6 % (SB 18,61), protein 59% (RIK 51-63), lemak 112,4% (RIK 105-142,5), karbohidrat 93,3 % (SB 25,5), vitamin D 22% (RIK 13,65-43), vitamin E 24% (RIK 21,65-39,7), kalsium 35,7% (RIK 20,45-55,6), dan asam folat 26,3% (RIK 16,2-41,15). Terdapat korelasi  ringan antara asupan energi dengan persentase massa lemak pada subyek lelaki dan perempuan (r= 0,25, p= 0,017; r= 0,38, p= 0,02). Tidak terdapat korelasi antara asupan karbohidrat, lemak, dan protein, vitamin D, vitamin E, kalsium, dan asam folat terhadap persentase massa otot, persentase massa lemak dan DMT. Kadar vitamin D tidak berkorelasi dengan komposisi tubuh. Terdapat korelasi kuat antara LILA dan MUAMC dengan persentase massa otot (r= 0,54, p<0,001; r= 0,68, p<0,001) dan massa lemak (r=0,77, p<0,001; r= 0,61, p<0,001). Kesimpulan: Lebih dari separuh remaja talasemia mengalami malnutrisi dan kekurangan asupan protein. Komposisi tubuh berkorelasi dengan jumlah asupan energi, tetapi tidak dengan yang lainnya. Kadar vitamin D tidak berkorelasi dengan komposisi tubuh. Lingkar lengan atas (LILA) dan MUAMC berkorelasi dengan persentase massa otot dan massa lemak.

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Background:Growth failure is common in thalassemia major (TM) patients. Nutritional management is an imperative aspect to optimize the clinical outcome. Measurement of muscle mass percentage, fat mass percentage, and bone mass density (BMD) on body composition is important component in assessing the nutritional status. There has been no study in Indonesia for the correlation between macronutrient and micronutrient intake on body composition in adolescents with thalassemia major.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 55 adolescent TM patients aged 10-18 years old taken through concecutive sampling at the Thalassemia Center dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital Jakarta. Nutritional status was evaluated and anthropometric measurements was performed including  mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), triceps skin thickness (TSK), and mid-upper arm muscle circumference (MUAMC). Macronutrient and micronutrient intake was obtained through a three-day food record. Muscle mass percentage, fat mass percentage, and BMD were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to examine vitamin D levels. The data was analyzed by Pearson and Spearman correlation depending on the type of distribution.

Result: Moderate malnourish occurred in 58.2% subjects and severe malnourish in 9,1% subjects. The mean and median daily nutrient intake compared to their needs in male subjects were energy intake 85.6% (SD 20.19), protein 55% (SD 14.19), fat 112.4% (SD 35.48), carbohydrates 85.5% (SD 23.31), vitamin D 29% (IQR 15.68-40.80), vitamin E 34.1% (SD 14.77), calcium 37% (IQR 16.63-43, 45), and folic acid 32.98% (SD 14.6), while in female subjects, energy intake were 93.6% (SD 18.61), protein 59% (IQR 51-63), fat 112.4% (IQR 105-142.5), carbohydrates 93.3% (SD 25.5), vitamin D 22% (IQR 13.65-43), vitamin E 24% (IQR 21.65-39.7), calcium 35 .7% (IQR 20.45-55.6), and folic acid 26.3% (IQR 16.2-41.15). There was a mild correlation between energy intake and fat mass percentage in male and female subjects (r= 0,25, p= 0,017; r= 0,38, p= 0,02). There was no correlation between carbohydrate, fat, and proteis, vitamin D, vitamin E, calcium, and folic acid on the proportion of muscle mass percentage, fat mass percentage, and BMD. Vitamin D levels were not correlated with body composition. There were strong correlation between MUAC and MUAMC with the percentage of muscle mass (r= 0.54, p<0.001; r= 0.68, p <0.001) and fat mass (r=0.77, p<0.001; r= 0.61 , p < 0.001).

Conclusion: More than half of adolescent TM patients are malnourished and lack protein intake. Body composition correlates with total calorie intake, but not with anything else. Vitamin D levels are not correlated with body composition. Mid-upper arm circumference and MUAMC correlate with the percentage of muscle mass and fat mass."

"Vitamin D adalah salah satu mikronutrien yang penting bagi manusia terlebih lagi pada ibu hamil. Di beberapa Negara kekurangan vitamin D menjadi masalah yang terabaikan terutama di negara Asia Tenggara termasuk di Indonesia. Ibu hamil yang kekurangan vitamin D dapat berisiko lebih tinggi untuk mengalami pre eklampsia. Pada bayi yang lahir dari ibu yang mengalami kekurangan vitamin D dapat lahir dengan berat badan yang rendah dan kedepannya dapat mengalami gangguan pada organ penting seperti otak dan tulang. Oleh karena itu, pencegahan harus dilakukan sedini mungkin dari trsimester pertama. Namun terbatasnya fasilitas untuk mengukur tersebut mendorong untuk mencari tahu faktor yang berperan penting dalam kadar vitamin D seperti asupan harian. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data sekunder dari penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia pada tahun 2013 sampai 2014 dengan subjek ibu hamil trimester pertama yang tinggal di Jakarta. Metode penelitian menggunakan pengukuran 25-hidroxivitamin D terstandar untuk memperoleh kadar vitamin D dalam darah subjek serta food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) untuk mengetahui asupan harian vitamin D subjek. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diolah menggunakan piranti lunak SPSS for Windows 20.0 lalu dianalisis dengan uji Spearman. Didapatkan bahwa persentase subjek hipovitaminosis vitamin D adalah sebesar 43,5% (27 orang, n = 62) dan seluruh subjek memiliki asupan vitamin D harian yang rendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ditemukan adanya korelasi antara asupan harian vitamin D dengan kadar 25-hidroxivitamin D. Banyak faktor lain yang mempengaruhi misalnya adalah sinar matahari.

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Vitamin D is one of the important micronutrients for humans especially pregnant women. In some countries, deficiency of vitamin D is one of neglected health problem, especially in South-East countries including Indonesia. Pregnancy women with deficiency vitamin D may be higher risk for having preeclampsia. In infants born from mother who have deficiency vitamin D may be born with low birth weight. Some important organs development will interference such as brain and bone. Therefore, prevention from deficiency vitamin D should be conducted as early as possible from first trimester pregnancy. But there are limitation in vitamin D measurement facilities so these research purpose is to elaborate the others factor that influencing vitamin D in blood and the most important factor is diet vitamin D. These research aims to determine whether a correlation between vitamin D intake and value of vitamin D in blood.

Running a cross-sectional study design, this research uses secondary data from a former research by Faculty Medicine of University Indonesia conducted in 2013 ? 2014 with pregnant women living in Jakarta.

The research method comprised a 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurement and the usage of food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to obtain subject's vitamin D in blood and vitamin D intake respectively. Using SPSS for Windows 20.0 software, data is then analyzed by Spearman, resulting 43.5% (n = 62) of subjects being hypovitaminosis D (<10 ng/mL) and the whole subjects receiving under the boundary value of vitamin D (12 mcg/day).

This research shows that no correlation could be found between vitamin d intake and value of vitamin D in blood."

"Latar belakang dan tujuan: Thalassemia adalah penyakit anemia hemolitik yang diturunkan, merupakan penyakit genetik yang paling sering di dunia. Transfusi secara berkala pada pasien thalassemia dapat menyebabkan deposit besi pada berbagai organ seperti hipofisis. Deposit besi pada hipofisis dapat menyebabkan hipogonadotropik hipogonadisme. Biopsi merupakan pemeriksaan baku emas untuk menilai deposit besi pada organ, namun hal ini tidak dapat dilakukan pada hipofisis. Pemeriksaan MRI mulai digunakan unutuk mengukur kadar besi pada berbagai organ salah satunya hipofisis.Metode: Uji korelasi dengan pendekatan potong lintang untuk mengetahui nilai korelasi nilai MRI T2 dan T2 relaksometri serta SIR T2 hipofisis dengan kadar FSH dan LH pada pasien thalassemia mayor. Pemeriksaan dilakukan 28 subjek penelitian dalam kurun waktu Desember 2016 hingga Maret 2016.Hasil: Terdapat korelasi antara nilai relaksometri T2 hipofisis potongan koronal dengan kadar FSH dan LH, serta terdapat pula korelasi antara nilai SIR T2 hipofisis dengan kadar LH. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara nilai relaksometri T2 potongan koronal-sagital dengan kadar FSH dan LH, serta tidak terdapat pula korelasi antara SIR T2 hipofisis dengan kadar FSH.Kesimpulan: Nilai relaksometri T2 hipofisis potongan koronal dan SIR T2 hipofisis dapat digunakan sebagai acuan deposit besi pada hipofisis serta dapat memonitor terapi kelasi pada pasien thalassemia - mayor.

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Background and abjective Thalassemia is a hereditary hemolytic anemia disorder, it is one of the most common genetic disease in the world. Periodic transfusion for thalassemia patients may lead to iron deposit in various organs such as pituitary gland. Iron deposit in pituitary gland may induce hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Biopsy and histopathology assessment is the gold standard examination to assess organ iron deposit, however this method is inapplicable for pituitary gland. MRI examination has been started to be used for measurement of iron level in various organ, such as pituitary gland.

Method: This study uses cross sectional method. MRI T2 and T2 relaxometry value as well as SIR T2 of pituitary gland was correlated with FSH and LH level in patients with major thalassemia. This study involves 28 subjects and conducted from December 2016 to March 2017.

Result: There is a correlation between relaxometry values of T2 pituitary gland on coronal slice with the level of FSH dan LH. There is also a correlation between pituitary SIR T2 value with the level of LH. There are no correlation between relaxometry values of T2 on coronal sagittal slices with the level of FSH and LH, furthermore there are no correlation between pituitary SIR T2 with FSH level.

Conclusion: Relaxometry value of pituitary T2 on coronal slice and pituitary SIR T2 value may be use as reference for iron deposit on pituitary gland as well as to monitor chelating therapy in major thalassemia patients."

"ABSTRAKKonsumsi sayur merupakan salah satu bagian penting dalam mewujudkan gizi seimbang, untuk itu dianjurkan mengonsumsi sayur sebanyak 3-4 porsi/hari. Namun, anjuran tersebut belum terealisasi ditandai dengan tingginya data kurang konsumsi sayur dan buah dalam Riskesdas 2007 93,6 dan 2013 93,5 , khususnya di DKI Jakarta sebesar 94,5 . Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan konsumsi sayur menurut faktor individu dan faktor lingkungan serta sumbangannya terhadap kecukupan serat dan zat gizi mikro pada remaja di DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional, dilakukan pada bulan April-Mei 2017 di SLTA X Jakarta Timur dengan 146 murid. Sampel didapatkan dengan metode purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang diisi oleh responden dan wawancara 2x24-hour food recall. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi sayur murid hanya sebesar 25 g/hari 1,25 porsi/hari . Konsumsi sayur tersebut menyumbang 0,95 terhadap kecukupan serat, 5,08 terhadap kecukupan vitamin A, 3,86 terhadap kecukupan vitamin C, dan 1,32 terhadap kecukupan zat besi. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada konsumsi sayur murid menurut sikap nilai-p=0,001 , preferensi nilai-p=0,007 , keyakinan diri nilai-p=0,019 , pengaruh teman nilai-p=0,024 , dan pengaruh orang tua 0,005 . Berdasarkan hasil tersebut diharapkan sekolah dapat membuat program kesehatan, khususnya edukasi gizi untuk menambah pengetahuan murid mengenai pentingnya konsumsi sayur setiap hari sesuai anjuran Pedoman Gizi Seimbang.

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ABSTRAKVegetables consumption is one important part in realizing balanced nutrition, so it recommended to consume vegetables as much as 3 4 servings per day. However, national scale showed that vegetables and fruits consumption was less 93.6 in 2007 and 93.5 in 2013 , especially in DKI Jakarta at 94.5 . This study aims to know the differences of vegetables consumption according to individual factors and environmental factors and their contribution to fiber and micronutrients in adolescents in DKI Jakarta. This study used cross sectional design, conducted in April May 2017 at SLTA X in East Jakarta with 146 students. The sample was obtained by purposive sampling method. Data were collected by using questionnaires filled by respondents and 2x24 hour food recall interview. The results showed that the vegetables consumption students 25 gram per day 1.25 servings per day . Vegetables consumption contributes 0.95 to fiber adequacy, 5.08 to vitamin A adequacy, 3.86 to vitamin C adequacy, and 1.32 to iron adequacy. The bivariate analysis showed that there were significant differences of vegetables consumption according to the attitude, preference, self efficacy, peer influence, and parenal influence p value 0.001, 0.007, 0.019, 0.024, and 0.005 . Based on that, it is expected that schools can create health programs, especially nutrition education to increase students knowledge about the importance of daily consumption of vegetables as recommended by the Balanced Nutrition Guide."

"Latar belakang: Pasien Talasemia Mayor (TM) anak menderita defisiensi nutrisi karena asupan nutrisi yang tidak mencukupi. Penghindaran makanan kaya zat besi seringkali bersamaan dengan pembatasan asupan protein. Asupan mikronutrien termasuk magnesium lebih rendah dibandingkan anak normal. Fungsi otot lebih awal terganggu akibat defisiensi nutrisi daripada massa otot. Penilaian massa otot dan Hand Grip Strength (HGS) menjadi penting untuk mengevaluasi status gizi. Hingga saat ini belum ada penelitian di Indonesia yang mengevaluasi hubungan antara HGS dengan asupan kalori, protein dan magnesium, LILA dan massa otot pasien anak TM.Metode: Penelitian dengan desain studi potong lintang melibatkan 70 pasien TM anak, berusia 6-18 tahun di Pusat Talasemia RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo. Status gizi dievaluasi disertai pengukuran lingkar lengan atas (LILA). Asupan kalori, protein dan magnesium diperoleh melalui metode analisis diet semi-kuantitatif Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) dan Magnesium FFQ (MgFFQ). Kadar Mg serum dinilai dengan menggunakan metode enzimatik-kalorimetri. Massa otot diukur menggunakan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) dan HGS dinilai menggunakan Dinamometer tangan Jamar.Hasil: Status gizi berdasarkan LILA/U sebagian besar berstatus gizi baik 42,9% dan malnutrisi 57,1% yakni gizi kurang (30,0%), gizi buruk (25,7%), dan obesitas (1,4%). Rerata kecukupan energi pada anak TM lelaki 100% (SB 17), sedangkan anak perempuan sebesar 112% (SB 27). Rerata asupan protein dan magnesium pada kedua kelompok lebih tinggi dibanding kebutuhan AKG. HGS berkorelasi kuat dengan massa otot (r=0,82), berkorelasi sedang dengan LILA (r=0,60), dan berkorelasi lemah dengan asupan kalori (r=-0,27), protein (r=-0,33) dan magnesium (r=-0,23), serta kadar magnesium (r=0,26). Hipermagnesemia dijumpai pada 23% subyek penelitian. Simpulan: Lebih dari separuh anak Talasemia mengalami malnutrisi walaupun asupan cukup. HGS berkorelasi dengan asupan nutrisi, LILA, dan massa otot.

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Background: Pediatric Thalassemia Major (TM) patients suffer from nutritional deficiencies due to insufficient nutritional intake. Avoidance of iron-rich foods often coincides with limiting protein intake. Micronutrient intake including magnesium is lower than in normal children. Muscle function is impaired earlier due to nutritional deficiencies than muscle mass. Assessment of muscle mass and Hand Grip Strength (HGS) is important for evaluating nutritional status. Until now there has been no research in Indonesia that evaluates the relationship between HGS and calorie, protein, and magnesium intake, LILA, and muscle mass in pediatric TM patients.

Methods: This research with a cross-sectional study design involved 70 pediatric TM patients, aged 6-18 years at the Thalassemia Center of RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo. Nutritional status is evaluated by measurement of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Calorie, protein, and magnesium intake was obtained through semi- quantitative dietary analysis methods Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) and Magnesium FFQ (MgFFQ). Serum Mg levels were assessed using the enzymatic calorimetric method. Muscle mass was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and HGS was assessed using a Jamar hand dynamometer.

Results: Nutritional status based on LILA/U was mostly good nutritional status 42.9% and malnutrition 57.1%, namely undernutrition (30.0%), poor nutrition (25.7%), and obesity (1.4%). The average energy adequacy for TM boys is 100% (SD 17), while for girls it is 112% (SD 27). The average intake of protein and magnesium in both groups was higher than the RDA requirements. HGS is strongly correlated with muscle mass (r=0.82), moderately correlated with LILA (r=0.60), and weakly correlated with calorie intake (r=-0.27), protein (r=-0.33), and magnesium (r=-0.23), as well as magnesium levels (r=0.26). Hypermagnesemia was found in 23% of study subjects.

Conclusion: More than half of Thalassemia children experience malnutrition despite adequate intake. HGS correlates with nutritional intake, MUAC, and muscle mass."

"Latar belakang: Pasien Talasemia Mayor (TM) anak menderita defisiensi nutrisi karena asupan nutrisi yang tidak mencukupi. Penghindaran makanan kaya zat besi seringkali bersamaan dengan pembatasan asupan protein. Asupan mikronutrien termasuk magnesium lebih rendah dibandingkan anak normal. Fungsi otot lebih awal terganggu akibat defisiensi nutrisi daripada massa otot. Penilaian massa otot dan Hand Grip Strength (HGS) menjadi penting untuk mengevaluasi status gizi. Hingga saat ini belum ada penelitian di Indonesia yang mengevaluasi hubungan antara HGS dengan asupan kalori, protein dan magnesium, LILA dan massa otot pasien anak TM.Metode: Penelitian dengan desain studi potong lintang melibatkan 70 pasien TM anak, berusia 6-18 tahun di Pusat Talasemia RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo. Status gizi dievaluasi disertai pengukuran lingkar lengan atas (LILA). Asupan kalori, protein dan magnesium diperoleh melalui metode analisis diet semi-kuantitatif Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) dan Magnesium FFQ (MgFFQ). Kadar Mg serum dinilai dengan menggunakan metode enzimatik-kalorimetri. Massa otot diukur menggunakan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) dan HGS dinilai menggunakan Dinamometer tangan JamarHasil: Status gizi berdasarkan LILA/U sebagian besar berstatus gizi baik 42,9% dan malnutrisi 57,1% yakni gizi kurang (30,0%), gizi buruk (25,7%), dan obesitas (1,4%). Rerata kecukupan energi pada anak TM lelaki 100% (SB 17), sedangkan anak perempuan sebesar 112% (SB 27). Rerata asupan protein dan magnesium pada kedua kelompok lebih tinggi dibanding kebutuhan AKG. HGS berkorelasi kuat dengan massa otot (r=0,82), berkorelasi sedang dengan LILA (r=0,60), dan berkorelasi lemah dengan asupan kalori (r=-0,27), protein (r=-0,33) dan magnesium (r=-0,23), serta kadar magnesium (r=0,26). Hipermagnesemia dijumpai pada 23% subyek penelitian. Simpulan: Lebih dari separuh anak Talasemia mengalami malnutrisi walaupun asupan cukup. HGS berkorelasi dengan asupan nutrisi, LILA, dan massa otot.

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Background: Pediatric Thalassemia Major (TM) patients suffer from nutritional deficiencies due to insufficient nutritional intake. Avoidance of iron-rich foods often coincides with limiting protein intake. Micronutrient intake including magnesium is lower than in normal children. Muscle function is impaired earlier due to nutritional deficiencies than muscle mass. Assessment of muscle mass and Hand Grip Strength (HGS) is important for evaluating nutritional status. Until now there has been no research in Indonesia that evaluates the relationship between HGS and calorie, protein, and magnesium intake, LILA, and muscle mass in pediatric TM patients.

Methods: This research with a cross-sectional study design involved 70 pediatric TM patients, aged 6-18 years at the Thalassemia Center of RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo. Nutritional status is evaluated by measurement of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Calorie, protein, and magnesium intake was obtained through semi- quantitative dietary analysis methods Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) and Magnesium FFQ (MgFFQ). Serum Mg levels were assessed using the enzymatic calorimetric method. Muscle mass was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and HGS was assessed using a Jamar hand dynamometer.

Results: Nutritional status based on LILA/U was mostly good nutritional status 42.9% and malnutrition 57.1%, namely undernutrition (30.0%), poor nutrition (25.7%), and obesity (1.4%). The average energy adequacy for TM boys is 100% (SD 17), while for girls it is 112% (SD 27). The average intake of protein and magnesium in both groups was higher than the RDA requirements. HGS is strongly correlated with muscle mass (r=0.82), moderately correlated with LILA (r=0.60), and weakly correlated with calorie intake (r=-0.27), protein (r=-0.33), and magnesium (r=-0.23), as well as magnesium levels (r=0.26). Hypermagnesemia was found in 23% of study subjects.

Conclusion: More than half of Thalassemia children experience malnutrition despite adequate intake. HGS correlates with nutritional intake, MUAC, and muscle mass."

"Pola asupan makanan yang tidak seimbang banyak dijalani kaum remaja saat ini. Hal tersebut menyebabkan ancaman status gizi berlebih semakin mengintai para remaja. Status gizi remaja dapat tercermin melalui pengukuran Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT). Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengetahui hubungan antara asupan energi dan komposisi makronutrien dengan IMT pada remaja usia 15-18 tahun. Penelitian menggunakan desain penelitian potong lintang analitik. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan di Jakarta terhadap 75 mahasiswa kedokteran, laki-laki (n=31) dan perempuan (n=44), tingkat 1 tahun 2012 yang diminta untuk menjawab wawancara mengenai asupan hariannya memakai kuisioner Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) semikuantitatif dan menjalani pemeriksaan fisik, berupa tinggi dan berat badan.Dari penelitian ini, hasilnya, yakni sebaran subjek berdasarkan asupan energi , yaitu kurang (24%), cukup (30,7%), lebih (45,3%). Untuk asupan karbohidrat ialah kurang (10,7%), cukup (77,3%), dan lebih (12%). Sementara itu, asupan lemak yang kurang ada 24%, cukup sebanyak 44%, dan lebih sebesar 32%. Terakhir, sebaran subjek berdasarkan asupan protein, yakni kurang (1,3%) dan cukup (98,7%). Tidak ada responden yang asupan proteinnya lebih. Distribusi subjek berdasarkan IMT, yaitu pada laki-laki 9,7% kurang, 61,3% normal, dan 29% lebih sedangkan pada perempuan 90,9% normal dan 9,1% lebih. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini ialah tidak terdapat adanya hubungan (p>0,05) antara asupan energi dan komposisi makronutrien dengan IMT pada remaja usia 15-18 tahun.

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Unbalance pattern of food intake become trend for many young people at this time. This causes overweight and obesity risk threaten the teens. Adolescent nutritonal status can be defined by Body Mass Index (BMI) measurement. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between energy intake and macronutrient composition with BMI in adolescents aged 15-18 years old. Study used cross-sectional analytical study design. Data collection was conducted in Jakarta on 75 first grade medical students, boys (n=31) and girls (n=41), in 2012 who were asked to answer the interview about her daily intake using Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) semiquantitative and underwent a physical examination, such as height and weight.

The results from this study were the respondent distributions of energy intake were less (24%), adequate (30,7%), over normal (45,3%). For carbohydrate intake were less (10,7%), adequate (77,3%), and over normal (12%). Meanwhile, there were 24% respondents with less intake of fat, 44% adequate. and 32% over normal. Last, the distributions of protein intake were less (1,3%) and adequate (98,7%). No respondent with over normal protein intake. Subject distributions of BMI, were in boys 9,7% less, 61,3% normal, and 29% over normal while in girls, 90,9% normal and 9,1% over normal. The conclusion of this study is there is no relationship (p>0,05) between energy intake and macronutrient composition with BMI in adolescents aged 15-18 years old."

"Latar Belakang: Talasemia merupakan penyakit kelainan hemoglobin (Hb) dengan prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia maupun dunia. Komplikasi pada talasemia dapat terjadi akibat kadar Hb pre-transfusi yang rendah dan penumpukan feritin serum. Pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku yang baik terhadap suatu penyakit dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kesehatan yang diinginkan dan mencegah komplikasi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mencari hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku terhadap talasemia, Hb pre-transfusi dan kadar feritin serum pada pasien remaja talasemia karena mereka memiliki prevalensi tertinggi. Metode: Kuesioner pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku (PSP) melalui google form disebarkan untuk mendapatkan data dari pasien talasemia remaja yang memenuhi kriteria studi. Pengetahuan akan dibagi menjadi adekuat atau tidak adekuat, sikap dibagi menjadi positif atau negatif, perilaku dibagi menjadi baik atau buruk berdasarkan hasil skor kuesioner. Kadar Hb pre-transfusi dan feritin serum diambil dari rekam medik pasien, dan dikelompokkan menjadi Hb dan serum ferritin yang tinggi atau rendah. Hasil Penelitian: Dari 85 subjek, terdapat 49.4% pasien dengan pengetahuan adekuat, 91.8% pasien dengan sikap positif, dan 72.9% pasien dengan perilaku baik. Pasien masih kurang memahami fasilitas skrining dan pentingnya suplementasi vitamin. Pasien perlu meningkatkan sikap positif terhadap skrining thalassemia dan perilaku baik terhadap kepatuhan obat. Terdapat hubungan yang tidak bermakna secara statisik antara pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku terhadap kadar Hb pre-transfusi dan kadar ferritin (p >0.05) pada remaja dengan talasemia. Kesimpulan: Remaja talasemia di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo memiliki pengetahuan yang tidak adekuat, namun dengan sikap dan perilaku yang baik. Perlu adanya edukasi berkala untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan.

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Introduction: Thalassemia is a hemoglobin (Hb) disorder that has a high prevalence in Indonesia and the world. Complications in thalassemia can occur due to low pre-transfusion Hb and accumulation of serum ferritin. A good knowledge, attitude, and practice towards a disease are needed to achieve desired health outcomes and prevent complications. This study aims to find the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice towards thalassemia, pre-transfusion Hb, and serum ferritin levels in thalassemic adolescents as they have the highest prevalence. Methods: Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire through google form were distributed to adolescent thalassemic patients who met the criteria. Knowledge will be divided into adequate or inadequate; attitudes are divided into positive or negative; practice is divided into good or bad based on the questionnaire results. Level of Pre-transfusion Hb and serum ferritin were taken from the patient's medical record and grouped into high or low Hb and ferritin. Result: Out of 85 subjects, there were 49.4% patients with adequate knowledge, 91.8% patients with positive attitude, and 72.9% patients with good practice. Patients still lack understanding of screening facilities and the importance of vitamin supplementation. Patients need to increase positive attitude towards thalassemia screening and good behavior towards treatment adherence. There was a statistically insignificant relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice on thalassemia with pre-transfusion Hb and serum ferritin (p > 0.05) in thalassemic adolescents. Conclusion: Thalassemic adolescents at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital have inadequate knowledge, but with good attitudes and behavior. Periodic education is needed to increase knowledge."

"Studi cross sectional ini bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi kjnerja program komunikasi tabur gizi di Praya Tengah, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa program komunikasi tabur gizi sebagai suatu sistem tidak berjalan dengan baik. Hal ini berdampak pada rendahnya tingkat kepatuhan sasaran, yaitu ibu/pengasuh dan anaknya, terhadap penggunaan tabur gizi. Selain itu, kepatuhan ibu untuk menggunakan tabur gizi lebih dipengaruhi oleh kesukaan anak terhadap produk tersebut, daripada program komunikasi itu sendiri. Manajer kesehatan di level kabupaten, dan Puskesmas, Serta kder Posyandu beranggapan bahwa masalah ketidakpatuhan sasaran disebabkan oleh anak balita tidak menyukai makanan yang telah diberi tabur gizi, dan para ibu/pengasuh tidak mau memaksa anaknya untuk mengkonsumsi rnakanan tersebut, serta anggapan ibu bahwa produk tersebut menyebabkan diare dan demam. Alasan lainnya adalah lemahnya aspek manajemen.

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This cross sectional study aimed to conduct a performance evaluation on the micronutrients powder (MNP) communication program in Praya Tengah, Lombok Tengah District. The study found that as a system MNP communication program did not well function and it might not reach its potential benefit yet, As a result it leads to low compliance of the beneficiaries on the MNP. Also, the caregiver?s compliance was influence by their children?s compliance, instead of comMunication program. The health managers and Posyandu cadres have perceived several reasons as problem on that program, i.e. most of the under five children did not like MNP, and the caregivers refuse to force feed their child to eat the food when it mix with MNP and also they perceive it might cause of diarrhea and fever. Other reasons that might hamper the program were lack of resources and poor management."