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"At the time of a paradigm change Foreign Investment, Strategic Assets and National Security is a timely analysis of the changing attitude towards foreign investment in major economies, namely the United States of America, the People's Republic of China, Australia, Canada, and Germany, France and the United Kingdom as representatives of the European Union. Foreign investment has grown steadily for decades and the de-regulation of international trade and investment was a widely accepted trend, particularly in developed countries. Increasingly, however, this development is encountered by opposition. Globalisation and socio-economic effects of mergers and acquisitions of domestic firms by foreign investors receive less support from the general public. Concerns about national security, protection of new technologies and competitiveness are raised. This leads national and regional legislators to develop new mechanisms to control foreign investments, particularly in light of national security. The widely adopted and traditional ex post approach linked to investment treaties is now enhanced by an increased focus on the phase prior to the actual implementation of the investment. This legal development and the new screening systems are captured in this book and it is explained how the present paradigm change is affecting the legal rules in practice. It is a must read for everyone working in the field."

"Asimetri hubungan (hak dan kewajiban) antara host country dengan investor asing dalam perjanjian investasi internasional terus mengkhawatirkan host country, terutama dalam hal kedaulatan dan keamanan nasionalnya. Negara-negara semakin sadar atas keperluan untuk mengambil langkah strategis melalui penyertaan ketentuan perjanjian investasi internasional yang ditujukan secara khusus demi menjamin perlindungan hak fundamentalnya tersebut. Penelitian (tesis) ini mengeksplorasi lebih lanjut tentang hubungan ketentuan pengecualian keamanan dengan necessity dan state immunity yang akan mengarah pada pemahaman yang lebih baik dalam merumuskan klausul yang melindungi keamanan nasional tanpa melanggar perjanjian investasi internasional ataupun hukum kebiasaan internasional. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum dokrinal dengan objek hukum yang dikonsepkan sebagai kaidah perundang-undangan berdasarkan doktrin aliran positivisme (yuridis normative). Penelitian ini mempertanyakan bagaimana penerapan perlindungan keamanan nasional host country dalam perjanjian investasi internasional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami dan merumuskan strategi formulasi penyusunan model perjanjian investasi internasional ideal dan kebijakan hukum yang sesuai dengan keamanan nasional tanpa melanggar hukum internasional.

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The asymmetry of host-countries and foreign investors’s relationship (rights and obligations) in the International Investment Agreements (IIAs) continues to distress host-countries, particularly in terms of its sovereignty and national security. Host-countries are increasingly aware of the need to take strategic steps through the inclusion of IIAs provisions which are specifically aimed at ensuring the protection of these fundamental rights. This research (thesis) further explores the relationship between the provision of security exceptions with necessity and state immunity which will lead to a better understanding in formulating clauses that protect national security without violating IIAs obligations or customary international law. This research is a doctrinal law research with a legal object that is conceptualized as a rule of law based on the doctrine of positivism (normative juridical). This study questions how the implementation of host country national security protection in IIAs. The purpose of this research is to understand and create strategies for formulating ideal IIAs models and legal policies that are compatible and consistent with national security without violating international law."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang Implementasi Kebijakan Perizinan Ekspor dan Impor online Inatrade di Direktorat Jenderal Perdagangan Luar Negeri, Kementerian Perdagangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan positivis yang didasarkan pada Teori Edward III. Hasil penelitian yaitu indikator transmisi dan staf belum memadai. Diharapkan sosialisasi eksternal semakin ditingkatkan dan juga pemberian informasi secara rutin melalui buletin/newsletter yang dikirim ke e-mail., penambahan jumlah staf berdasarkan analisis beban kerja dan jabatan dengan tetap memperhatikan kompetensinya

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The focus of this study are about the Implementation of Export and Import Online Licensing Inatrade Policy at Directorate General of Foreign Trade, Ministry of Trade. This study use positivist approach based on Edward III Theory. The conclusion of this study are transmition and indicator are insufficient. The advice for Directorate General of Foreign Trade, Ministry of Trade are to develop a better external socialization wi with priodic providing information via neswletter that send by e-mail, add more staf based on work load and office job analysis that consider their competency. that consider their competency."

"Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menjelaskan hubungan antara spillover R&D Internasional dari kanal perdagangan dan penanaman modal asing terhadap produktivitas (TFP) berdasarkan teori pertumbuhan endogen di Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) dalam periode 1996-2010. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa spillover R&D internasional dari kanal perdagangan dan penanaman modal asing merupakan faktor penting dalam meningkatkan TFP. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa perdagangan internasional (ekspor dan impor) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas di ASEAN. Selain itu, Human Development Index (HDI) juga siginifikan dalam mempengaruhi produktivitas di ASEAN.

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This research attempts to explain the relationship between international R&D spillover from trade channels and foreign direct investment on Total Factor Productivity (TFP) based on the endogenous growth theory in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) during the period 1996-2010. The study found that international R&D spillover from trade channels and foreign direct investment are significant factors in increasing TFP. The research also discovered that international trade (exports and imports) has a significant impact on productivity in ASEAN. Additionally, the Human Development Index (HDI) also plays a significant role in influencing productivity in ASEAN."

"Kerjasama perdagangan Indonesia dengan Australia berjalan semakin komprehensif seiring dengan semakin terbukanya perdagangan bebas di dunia, dimana salah satunya adalah dengan dicanangkannya Indonesia-Australia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement IA-CEPA. Perjanjian kerjasama komprehensif tersebut ditujukan agar Indonesia memiliki kedekatan yang lebih erat dengan Australia baik dari sisi perdagangan maupun sisi lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis bagaimana potensi perjanjian tersebut terhadap nilai ekspor Indonesia ke Australia dan investasi asing langsung dari Australia ke Indonesia kedepannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis ekonometrika dengan data time series melalui regresi linear dari arus perdagangan internasional. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa IA-CEPA signifikan berpotensi menurunkan nilai Ekspor Indonesia ke Australia dan juga terhadap Investasi Asing Langsung dari Australia ke Indonesia.

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Indonesias trade cooperation with Australia runs more comprehensively in line with the increasing free trade in the world by launching the Indonesia-Australia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement IA-CEPA. The aimed of this comprehensive economic partnership agreement is to make Indonesia closer to Australia both in trade and other economic activity. This research aims to identify and analyze how the agreement potentially towards Indonesias Export to Australia and Australias Foreign Direct Investment to Indonesia value in the future. This research used an econometric analysis that applies time series data to the linear regression of international flows. The result of this thesis reveals that IA-CEPA have significant potential decreasing to Indonesias Export to Australia and to Foreign Direct Investment Australia to Indonesia."

"Dalam kerangka perdagangan internasional, penetapan kebijakan standardisasi di suatu negara dapat dipandang sebagai suatu faktor pendorong perdagangan global sekaligus sebagai suatu bentuk hambatan teknis perdagangan. Di Indonesia, kegiatan standardisasi nasional berupa penetapan kebijakan Standar Nasional Indonesia SNI Wajib telah dilakukan sejak tahun 1979. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak penerapan kebijakan SNI Wajib terhadap impor Indonesia dari 5 negara RCEP selama periode 2011-2015 untuk 25 jenis komoditas pada level HS 2 digit. Hasil empiris menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan perhitungan frequency measures, penetapan kebijakan SNI Wajib pada komoditas pertanian dan hasil pertanian akan menurunkan impor sedangkan pada komoditas manufaktur non pertanian akan meningkatkan impor Indonesia.

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In the international trade framework, the establishment of a standardization policy can be viewed as a driving factor in global trade as well as a technical barriers to trade. In Indonesia, the national standardization activities in the form of Mandatory Indonesia National Standard SNI Wajib have been conducted since 1979. This paper aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of SNI Wajib to the value of Indonesia rsquo s import from 5 RCEP countries during the period 2011 ndash 2015 for 25 commodities at the level of 2 digit HS Code. Empirical results indicate that by using frequency measures, the implementation of SNI Wajib is trade restricting for agriculture goods but trade promoting for manufacture goods."

"Kemudahan berusaha dapat menjadi keuntungan lokasi dari host country yang bertujuan untuk menarik investasi asing. Penelitian ini menganalisa pengaruh dari kemudahan berusaha terhadap masuknya FDI. Data yang digunakan adalah peringkat ease of doing business dan peringkat doing business indicators, sera data FDI negara-negara berkembang dan ASEAN-8. Metode penelitian adalah data panel dengan periode penelitian dari 2006-2013 untuk kemudahan berusaha dan dari 2007-2013 untuk peringkat lima indikator menjalankan usaha. Kemudahan berusaha ditemukan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan baik di negara-negara berkembang maupun di ASEAN-8. Indikator getting credit, trading across borders dan enforcing contracts memberikan pengaruh signifikan di negara-negara berkembang, Sedangkan di negara-negara ASEAN-8 hanya indikator starting a business yang mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap masuknya FDI. Hasil ini menunjukkan reformasi regulasi usaha harus menjadi agenda negara-negara berkembang dan ASEAN-8 untuk membuat lingkungan usaha yang kondusif.

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Ease of doing business can be a location advantage of the host country that aims to attract foreign investment. This study analyzes of the effect on ease of doing business on the inflow of FDI. Using data of the ranking on ease of doing business and ranking on doing business indicators, also FDI data of developing countries and the ASEAN-8. Research method is a data panel with the study period of 2006-2013 for ease of doing business and from 2007-2013 for ranking on five of doing business indicators. Ease of doing business found a significant influence both in developing countries and ASEAN-8. Indicators of getting credit, trading across borders and enforcing contracts have a significant effect in developing countries, while in ASEAN-8 is found only indicator of starting a business that has a significant effect on FDI. These results demonstrate that reform of business regulatory should be on the agenda of developing countries and ASEAN-8 to create condusive environment."