Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil Treg (ditunjukkan oleh Foxp3), CD4, dan CD8 pada kanker serviks stadium lanjut lokal dan dampaknya terhadap progresivitas tumor dan respons radiasi. Metode. Setelah disetujui oleh komite penelitian, kami mengumpulkan data pasien kanker serviks stadium lanjut lokal yang menjalani radioterapi, di RSCM, Jakarta, pada Januari 2018 – Desember 2020. Subjek penelitian harus memiliki pencitraan pra dan paska radiasi dan spesimen blok parafin untuk memenuhi syarat dalam penelitian ini. Profil Foxp, CD4, dan CD8, akan dianalisis dengan imunohistokimia dengan penghitungan jumlah sel. Respons radiasi akan dianalisa dengan kriteria RECIST 1.1. Semua informasi klinis pasien yang diperlukan akan dikumpulkan dari rekam medis elektronik. Hasil. Kami menemukan bahwa sebagian besar pasien memiliki karsinoma sel skuamosa (93%), stadium IIIC (48%), dan menjalani radiasi saja (72%). Evaluasi RECIST menunjukkan 62% pasien memiliki respons lengkap, 28% respons parsial, dan 10% respons buruk (penyakit stabil dan progresif). Kami dapatkan median jumlah sel CD4 =29 (7 – 154), CD8 = 30 (6 – 227), dan Foxp3 = 36 (2 – 156). Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara jumlah sel limfosit CD4, CD8, dan Foxp3 dengan volume tumor, dengan p = 0.858; p = 0.975, dan p = 0.723 masing masing. Tidak ada hubungan bermakna dengan dimensi terbesar tumor dengan p = 0.481, p = 0.480, dan p = 0.792 masing masing. Tidak ada pula hubungan bermakna antara jumlah sel limfosit CD4, CD8, dan Foxp3 dengan respons radiasi dengan p = 0.964, p = 0.296, dan p = 0.787 masing masing. Namun kami mendapatkan korelasi positif yang kuat dan bermakna pada jumlah sel tumor pada stroma, CD 4 - CD8 (r = 0.580, p=0.001); CD4 - Foxp3 (r = 0.699, p < 0.001), dan CD8 - Foxp3 (r = 0.652, p < 0.001). Kesimpulan. Sebagian besar pasien kanker stadium lanjut lokal yang menjalani radiasi memiliki respons lengkap. Tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara jumlah sel limfosit CD4, CD8, dan Foxp3 dengan volume tumor, dimensi terbesar tumor, dan respons radiasi. Terdapat korelasi yang kuat dan signifikan antar sel imun (CD4-CD8, CD4-Foxp3, dan CD8-Foxp3) pada lingkungan stroma.

---

Aims: This study aims to determine profile of Treg (shown by Foxp3), CD4, and CD8 in locally advanced cervical cancer and the impact to tumor progressivity and radiation response.

Method. After been approved by the institution research committee, we collect data of locally advanced of cervical cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy, at RSCM, Jakarta, in January 2018 – December 2020. Studies subjects must have pre and post irradiation imaging and paraffin block specimen to be eligible in this study. Profile of Foxp, CD4, and CD8, will be analyzed by immunohistochemistry, by counting the number of cells, and radiation response will be analyzed by RECIST 1.1 criteria. All necessary patient’s clinical information will be collected from electronic medical record.

Result. We found that most of the patients had squamous cell carcinoma (93%), stage IIIC (48%), and underwent radiation alone (72%). RECIST evaluation showed 62% of patients had a complete response, 28% a partial response, and 10% had a poor response (stable and progressive disease). We found median CD4 cell counts = 29 (7 – 154), CD8 = 30 (6 – 227), and Foxp3 = 36 (2 – 156). There was no significant relationship between the number of CD4, CD8, and Foxp3 lymphocytes with tumor volume, with p = 0.858; p = 0.975, and p = 0.723 respectively. There was no significant relationship with the dimensions of the largest tumor with p = 0.481, p = 0.480, and p = 0.792, respectively. There was no significant relationship between the number of CD4, CD8, and Foxp3 lymphocytes with radiation response with p = 0.964, p = 0.296, and p = 0.787, respectively. However, we found a strong and significant positive correlation in the number of tumor cells in the stroma, CD4 - CD8 (r = 0.580, p = 0.001); CD4 - Foxp3 (r = 0.699, p < 0.001), and CD8 - Foxp3 (r = 0.652, p < 0.001).

Conclusion. Most locally advanced cancer patients who undergo radiation have a complete response. There are no significant relationships between the number of CD4, CD8, and Foxp3 lymphocytes with tumor volume, largest tumor dimensions, and radiation response. There is a strong and significant correlation between immune cells (CD4-CD8, CD4-Foxp3, and CD8-Foxp3) in the stromal environment.

"

"Latar Belakang: Kanker serviks merupakan keganasan yang sering ditemukan diberbagai negara pada wanita setelah kanker payudara. Kanker serviks berhubungan dengan angka kematian yang tinggi. FIGO merekomendasikan penggunaan MRI sebagai alat diagnosis dan prognosis. Tingkat proliferasi tumor berhubungan dengan respon terapi yang dapat diketahui dengan nilai signal intensitas sekuens T2WI. Saat ini belum ada penelitian yang menilai perbedaan nilai SI sekuens T2WI dengan respon terapi radiasi pada kanker serviks tipe karsinoma sel skuamosa. Tujuan: Memperoleh perbedaan nilai rasio sekuens T2WI pada pasien kanker serviks karsinoma sel skuamosa yang mengalami respon dan tidak respon terapi. Metode: Sebanyak 39 subjek penelitian dilakukan pemeriksaan MRI pelvis sebelum dan setelah terapi radiasi. Data penelitian diambil menggunakan sekuens T2WI dan data histologi berasal dari EHR RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Dilakukan analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas Saphiro-Wilk dan uji T berpasangan. Hasil: Pada kelompok umur, status pernikahan, status obstetri dan klasifikasi FIGO, didapatkan hasil tidak signifikan (p = 0,19, p = 0,348, p = 0,153, dan p = 0,995; p > 0,05). Begitupun pada kelompok respon dan tidak respon dengan RECIST 1.1, didapat hasil signifkan dengan p = 0,000; p < 0,05) sedangkan pada kelompok perbedaan nilai rasio sekuens T2WI, didapatkan hasil yang tidak signifikan (p = 0,436, p > 0,05). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan nilai rasio sekuens T2WI pada kelompok respon dan tidak respon terapi berdasarkan kriteria RECIST 1.1 pada kanker serviks tipe karsinoma sel skuamosa.

---

Background: Cervical cancer is a malignancy that is often found in various countries in women after breast cancer. Cervical cancer is associated with a high mortality rate. FIGO recommends the use of MRI as a diagnostic and prognostic tool. The rate of tumor proliferation is related to the therapeutic response which can be determined by the value of the T2WI sequence intensity signal. Currently, there are no studies that assess the differences in SI values of T2WI sequences and the response to radiation therapy in squamous cell carcinoma type cervical cancer.

Objective: Obtain differences in the value of the T2WI sequence ratio in patients with cervical cancer squamous cell carcinoma who experienced and did not respond to therapy.

Methods: A total of 39 study subjects were subjected to pelvic MRI examinations before and after radiation therapy. The research data were taken using T2WI sequences and histological data came from EHR RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Data were analyzed using the Saphiro-Wilk normality test and paired T test.

Results: In the age group, marital status, obstetric status and FIGO classification, the results were not significant (p = 0.19, p = 0.348, p = 0.153, and p = 0.995; p> 0.05). Likewise in the response dan unresponse group with RECIST 1.1, the results were significant with p = 0.000; p <0.05), while the difference in the value of the T2WI sequence ratio, the results were not significant (p = 0.436, p> 0.05).

Conclusion: There is no difference in the value of the T2WI sequence ratio in the response group and no response to therapy based on RECIST 1.1 criteria in squamous cell carcinoma type cervical cancer."

"Penelitian ini membahas mengenai tingkat keberhasilan verifikasi kasus kanker serviks dengan kanker nasofaring. Dalam penelitian ini telah dievaluasi data film verifikasi penyinaran pasien radioterapi untuk jenis kanker serviks dan nasofaring. Jumlah pasien untuk jenis kanker serviks berjumlah 45 pasien dan untuk jenis kanker nasofaring 45 pasien. Peneliti tidak melakukan verifikasi secara langsung dan tidak berhubungan dengan pasien, Data diperoleh dari status pasien yang tersedia di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo . Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keberhasilan verifikasi kasus kanker nasofaring lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kasus kanker serviks.

---

My research study is focused on evaluating the verification success rates of cervical cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer survivors. 45 patients underwent radiotherapy procedures to identify specific types of the two mentioned cancers followed by data recording, for a total of 90 patients. The experimenter conducted no direct verification and had no direct contact with the patients since the data samples were obtained from Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Research findings proved that the success rates of nasopharyngeal cancer verification were higher than the cervical cancer verification."

"Kanker serviks sebagai salah satu jenis kanker yang menempati posisi kedua paling banyak ditemukan pada wanita yang disebabkan oleh infeksi human papillomavirus (HPV). Pengobatan kanker serviks secara menyeluruh belum dapat menjangkau seluruh kalangan pasien dikarenakan biayanya yang mahal dan beberapa layanan kesehatan kurang memadai sehingga diperlukan adanya alternatif pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan aktivitas sitotoksik ekstrak Spirulina platensis terhadap sel kanker serviks HeLa. Spirulina platensis yang berupa serbuk kering dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol, etil asetat, dan n-heksana secara berurut. Setiap ekstrak dievaluasi untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan aktivitas sitotoksiknya dengan metode uji DPPH dan MTT assay. Pada uji DPPH, didapatkan nilai IC50 pada ekstrak etil asetat dan etanol Spirulina platensis sebesar 18,863 μg/mL dan 15,169 μg/mL, yang berarti aktivitas antioksidan kedua ekstrak sangat aktif terhadap radikal bebas DPPH. Berdasarkan uji MTT assay, ketiga ekstrak Spirulina platensis (ekstrak etil asetat, ekstrak etanol, dan ekstrak n-heksana) memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker serviks HeLa dengan nilai IC50 secara berturut-turut adalah 16,615 μg/mL, 41,510 μg/mL, dan 85,455 μg/mL, sedangkan nilai IC50 kontrol positif doksorubisin terhadap sel HeLa adalah 7,209 μg/mL. Ekstrak Spirulina platensis menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antioksidan dan aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap lini sel kanker serviks HeLa melalui uji DPPH dan MTT assay.

---

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that occupies the second most common position in women is caused by infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Treatment of cervical cancer has not been able to reach all patients due to the high cost and some inadequate health services, so that alternative treatments are needed. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity and cytotoxic activity of Spirulina platensis extract against HeLa cervical cancer cells. Spirulina platensis in the form of dry powder was macerated using ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane in succession. Each extract was evaluated to determine its antioxidant activity and cytotoxic activity by DPPH and MTT assay methods. In the DPPH test, the IC50 values ​​for the ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of Spirulina platensis were 18,863 g/mL and 15,169 g/mL, which means the antioxidant activity of both extracts was very active against DPPH free radicals. Based on the MTT assay, the three Spirulina platensis extracts (ethyl acetate extract, ethanol extract, and n-hexane extract) had cytotoxic activity against HeLa cervical cancer cells with IC50 values ​​of 16.615 g/mL, 41,510 g/mL, and 85,455 g/mL, while the IC50 value of doxorubicin as a positive control against HeLa cells was 7.209 g/mL. Spirulina platensis extract showed antioxidant and cytotoxic activity against the HeLa cervical cancer cell line through DPPH and MTT assay."

"Latar Belakang: Belum tersedia penelitian yang membandingkan teknik radiasikonvensional dengan teknik bone marrow sparing (BMS) di Indonesia. Penelitian inibertujuan mengetahui teknik yang paling superior secara dosimetri dan akan menjadi data dasar untuk studi-studi klinis berikutnya. Metode: Sepuluh data Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Computed Tomography (CT) simulasi pasien kanker serviks stadium IB2 - IVA di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional CiptoMangunkusumo pada studi eksperimental eksploratorik ini menjalani proses perencanaan radiasi teknik 3D konformal dengan 4 lapangan dan teknik BMS menggunakan intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) step-and-shoot (SS) dengan 7 lapangan, volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) dengan full 2-arc dan tomoterapi spiral. Dosis 50 Gy dipreskripsikan terhadap planning target volume (PTV) dalam 25 fraksi. Parameter dosimetri pada target dan organ kritis, jumlah monitor units (MU) dan lama waktu radiasi dibandingkan melalui analisis statistik dan sistem skor keunggulan. Hasil: Seluruh teknik memberi cakupan PTV yang sangat baik. Perbedaan statistik terlihat pada rerata D98%; D95%; dan homogeneity index (HI), dengan IMRT SS dan tomoterapi merupakan teknik yang paling superior (D98% = 48 Gy; D95% = 48,98 Gy dan 48,97 Gy; HI = 0,06). VMAT memberi rerata terendah pada V40 (22,2%), Dmean (26,45 Gy) dan D2% (50,42 Gy) usus halus, namun IMRT SS paling mudah mencapai batasan dosis-volume V45 < 195 cc untuk volume usus halus yang luas. IMRT SS juga memberi rerata terendah pada V30 (86,93% dan 92,55%), V40 (65,92% dan 70,81%), Dmean (42,05 Gy dan 43,03 Gy) dan D2% (50,51 Gy dan 50,91 Gy) rektum dan buli, secara berurutan. Tomoterapi memberi rerata terendah pada V10 (83,31%), V20 (67,5%), V30 (46,04%), V40 (27,38%) dan Dmean (28,43 Gy) bone marrow, namun dengan rerata kedua tertinggi pada D2% (50,82 Gy) bone marrow. Teknik 3D konformal memberi rerata terendah pada V5 RVR (43,8%), jumlah MU (275,3) dan lama waktu radiasi (0,46 menit). Total skor keunggulan yang tertinggi diperoleh pada teknik IMRT SS (80), diikuti dengan VMAT (68), tomoterapi (65) dan terendah pada 3D konformal (43). Kesimpulan: Teknik IMRT SS, VMAT dan tomoterapi mampu menyelamatkan bone marrow pelvis dengan cakupan dosis PTV adekuat, homogenitas dan konformitas yang baik, serta memberi dosis radiasi yang aman terhadap organ-organ kritis. Secara keseluruhan, IMRT SS paling superiordibanding ketiga teknik lainnya, terutama terlihat pada dosis rektum, buli dan usus halus yang luas. VMAT paling superior menurunkan dosis usus halus secara umum.Tomoterapi paling superior menurunkan dosis bone marrow kecuali untuk parameterD2%, sedangkan 3D konformal paling superior menurunkan dosis RVR, jumlah MU dan lama waktu radiasi.

---

Background: Currently there is no research that compares conventional radiotherapy

technique with bone marrow sparing (BMS) techniques in Indonesia. The aim of this

research was to discover the most superior technique dosimetrically and will be the basic data for further clinical studies. Method: Ten Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images of simulation Computed Tomography from stage IB2 - IVA cervical cancer patients at Cipto Mangunkusumo National Center General Hospital were enrolled in this experimental exploratory study and planned for four-field three-dimensional (3D) conformal radiotherapy and BMS technique using seven-field step-andshoot intensity-modulated radiation therapy (SS IMRT), full 2-arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and helical tomotherapy. A dose of 50 Gy was prescribed to the planning target volume (PTV) in 25 fractions. Dosimetric parameters of the target and critical organs, total monitor units (MU), and beam-on time were compared by means of statistical analysis and superiority score system. Result: All techniques provided excellent PTV coverage. Statistical difference was seen in the average of D98%; D95%; and homogeneity index (HI), with SS IMRT and tomotherapy were the most superior techniques (D98% = 48 Gy; D95% = 48.98 Gy and 48.97 Gy; HI = 0.06). VMAT delivered the lowest average of small bowel V40 (22.2%), Dmean (26.45 Gy), and D2% (50.42 Gy), but SS IMRT was the easiest to achieve V45 < 195 cc dose-volume constraint for a large volume of the small bowel. SS IMRT also delivered the lowest average of rectum and bladder V30 (86.93% and 92.55%), V40 (65.92% and 70.81%),Dmean (42.05 Gy and 43.04 Gy), and D2% (50.51 Gy and 50.91 Gy), respectively. Tomotherapy delivered the lowest average of bone marrow V10 (83.31%), V20 (67.5%), V30 (46.04%), V40 (27.38%) and Dmean (28.43 Gy), although with second-highest average of D2% (50.82 Gy). Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy delivered the lowest average of Remaining Volume at Risk (RVR) V5 (43.8%), total MU (275.3), and beam-on time (0.46 minutes). The highest total superiority score was obtained by SS IMRT (80), followed by VMAT (68), tomotherapy (65), and 3D conformal (43). Conclusion: SS IMRT, VMAT, and tomotherapy techniques were able to spare pelvic bone marrow with adequate PTV dose coverage, good homogeneity and conformity, and

provided safe radiation dose to critical organs. Overall, SS IMRT was the most superior technique compared to the other three techniques, particularly seen in the dose of rectum, bladder and a large volume of the small bowel. VMAT was most superior to decrease the dose of the general small bowel. Tomotherapy was most superior to decrease the dose of bone marrow except for the D2% parameter, while 3D conformal was most superior to decrease the dose of RVR, total MU, and beam-on time."

"Terapi kanker serviks saat ini memiliki beragam efek samping dan memerlukan biaya yang mahal. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan alternatif terapi, seperti pengobatan herbal. Kandungan flavonoid dari aerial part R.brittoniana terbukti memiliki aktivitas antikanker dan antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan fitokimia, aktivitas antioksidan, dan aktivitas sitotoksik bunga R.brittoniana terhadap sel kanker serviks HeLa. Bunga R. brittoniana diekstraksi secara bertahap dengan pelarut n-heksana, etanol, dan etil asetat. Hasil ekstrak dilakukan uji analisis fitokimia uji kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) untuk mengevaluasi komponen senyawa organik dan seberapa banyak komponen senyawa dalam ekstrak tersebut. Aktivitas antioksidan diuji menggunakan metode DPPH dan aktivitas sitotoksik ekstrak terhadap sel kanker serviks HeLa dievaluasi menggunakan metode MTT. Analisis fitokimia menunjukkan seluruh ekstrak memiliki kandungan tanin, glikosida, triterpenoid, alkaloid, dan flavonoid. Hasil uji KLT menunjukkan ekstrak n-heksana dan etil asetat memiliki 4 komponen senyawa, sementara ekstrak etanol memiliki 5 komponen senyawa. Hasil uji antioksidan menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dan etil asetat memiliki nilai IC50 >50 ppm. Hasil uji sitotoksik menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol memiliki rata-rata nilai IC50 sebesar 116,55 ppm, ekstrak n-heksana sebesar 123,09 ppm, dan ekstrak etil asetat sebesar 54,23 ppm. Hasil uji statistik terhadap aktivitas sitotoksik seluruh ekstrak menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan nilai IC50 antara ekstrak etill asetat dan n-heksana. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dan etil asetat bunga R. brittoniana memiliki potensi menjadi antioksidan. Selain itu, ekstrak etanol, etil asetat, dan n-heksana bunga R. brittoniana terbukti memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker serviks HeLa.

---

Cervical cancer therapy today has a variety of side effects and costs expensive. Therefore, herbal medicine as alternative therapy are needed. Flavonoids in aerial part Ruellia brittoniana has been shown to have anticancer and antioxidant activity. This study aims to analyze the phytochemicals, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxic activity of R. brittoniana flower against HeLa cervical cancer cells. R. brittoniana flower is extracted with ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane solvents. These three extracts are tested for phytochemical analysis and thin layer chromatography (TLC) to evaluate the components of organic compounds. Antioxidant activity of the extracts is measured by DPPH method while the cytotoxic activity is measured by MTT method. The phytochemical analysis result shows that all extracts contain tannins, glycosides, triterpenes, alkaloids, and flavonoids component. The result of the TLC test shows hexane and ethyl acetate extract has 4 components, while ethanol extract has 5 components. The antioxidant test results show that the IC50 value of ethanol and ethyl acetate extract is >50 ppm. The cytotoxic test results show that the average IC50 of ethanol extract is 116.55 ppm, hexane extract is 123.09 ppm, and ethyl acetate extract is 54.23 ppm. Statistic test shows that there is a significant difference in IC50 values between the extracts of ethyl acetate and hexane. The result of this study indicates that the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of R. brittoniana flower have the potential to be an antioxidant. In addition, these three extracts of R. brittoniana have cytotoxic activity against HeLa cervical cancer cells."

"Kanker serviks adalah kanker dengan prevalensi tertinggi di Indonesia. Akan tetapi, pengobatan yang ada masih memiliki keterbatasan yaitu banyak efek samping dan biaya yang mahal. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan inovasi dalam terapi kanker serviks. Daun sirsak (Annona muricata) merupakan tumbuhan yang sudah lama diyakini berkhasiat dapat menyembuhkan berbagai penyakit, termasuk kanker. Namun penelitian terkait aktivitas antioksidan dan efek sitotoksisitas daun sirsak yang berasal dari Indonesia terhadap kanker serviks belum banyak dilakukan. Studi ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental untuk menguji kandungan fitokimia dan jumlah senyawa ekstrak daun sirsak, aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH, dan efek sitotoksisitas terhadap sel kanker serviks HeLa dengan MTT Assay. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, daun sirsak mengandung senyawa flavonoid, steroid, glikosida, alkaloid dan tanin. Hasil uji kromatografi lapis tipis menunjukkan ekstrak etanol, etil asetat, dan heksana daun sirsak memiliki 3 komponen senyawa dengan nilai Rf 0,771, 0,857 dan 0,971. Ekstrak etanol daun sirsak memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50=35,51 ug/mL, sementara etil asetat >50 ug/mL. Daun sirsak memiliki efek sitotoksik yang aktif terhadap sel kanker serviks HeLa. Nilai IC50 ekstrak etanol, etil asetat, dan heksana daun sirsak adalah 5,91, 7,56, dan 8,39 ug/mL. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan daun sirsak berpotensi dikembangkan menjadi antioksidan alami dan terapi kanker serviks.

---

Cervical cancer is the highest prevalance cancer in Indonesia. Unfortunately, treatment for cervical cancer still have serious side effects and very expensive. Therefore, it is necessary to develop innovation in cervical cancer treatment. Soursop (Annona muricata) has been used in folk medicine to treat various diseases, including cancer. However, studies about its antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity against cervical cancer are still limited. This is an experimental study to analyze phytochemistry and identified number of chemical compounds in soursop leaves. Its antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH method and cytotoxicity against cervical HeLa cells was evaluated by MTT Assay. The results showed that soursop leaves contain flavonoid, steroid, glycoside, alkaloid and tannin. Thin Layer Chromatography revealed that ethanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane extracts have 3 spots with Rf values 0.771, 0.857 and 0.971. Antioxidant IC50 value of ethanol extract was 35,51 ug/mL meanwhile for ethyl acetate was >50 ug/mL. Results from MTT Assays showed that all soursop leaves extracts had active cytotoxicity against cervical HeLa cells with IC50 value for ethanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane were 5.91, 7.56 and 8.39 ug/mL, respectively. To conclude, soursop leaves extracts are potential to be developed as natural antioxidant and therapy for cervical cancer."

"[ABSTRAKTujuan. Penelitian ini membahas perbandingan performa diagnostik antara pemeriksaan ultrasonografi dengan pemeriksaan klinis dalam mengukur ukuran lesi primer kanker serviks.Metode. Dilakukan uji diagnostik potong-lintang secara retrospektif terhadap pasien kanker serviks stadium IB di RSUPN Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo dari tahun 2009 hingga tahun 2014. Nilai diagnostik dari kedua pemeriksaan dihitung dengan luaran: sensitivitas, spesifisitas, nilai prediksi positif, nilai prediksi negatif, dan akurasi. Uji kesesuaian dari kedua pemeriksaan juga dihitung dengan ukuran makroskopik sebagai standar baku emas.Hasil. Dari periode tahun 2009 hingga tahun 2014, didapatkan 92 subjek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dengan komposisi yaitu 65 kasus (70%) kanker serviks stadium IB1 dan 27 kasus (30%) kanker serviks stadium IB2. Ultrasonografi didapatkan memiliki nilai diagnostik yaitu sensitivitas 92%, spesifisitas 96%, nilai prediksi positif 92%, nilai prediksi negatif 96%, dan akurasi 95%. Sementara itu, pemeriksaan klinis didapatkan memiliki nilai diagnostik yaitu sensitivitas 51%, spesifisitas 92%, nilai prediksi positif 73%, nilai prediksi negatif 82%, dan akurasi 80%. Dari perhitungan kesesuaian antara ukuran pemeriksaan ultrasonografi dan ukuran makroskopik, didapatkan perbedaan rata-rata 0,56 cm. Sementara itu, dari perhitungan kesesuaian antara ukuran pemeriksaan klinis dan ukuran makroskopik, didapatkan perbedaan rata-rata 0,97 cm.Kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemeriksaan ultrasonografi memiliki performa diagnostik yang lebih baik dibandingkan pemeriksaan klinis dalam mengukur ukuran lesi primer kanker serviks.

---

ABSTRACTObjective. The purpose of this study is to compare the diagnostic value of ultrasound and clinical examination in measuring the size of primary tumor of cervical cancer.Methods. It is a retrospective cross sectional study for patients with cervical cancer stage IB in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital from 2009 to 2014. Diagnostic value of both examinations were calculated with outcome: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy. Resemblance test of both examinations were also calculated with macroscopic size as the gold standart.Result. From period 2009 until 2014, there were 92 subject which fulfilled the inclusion criteria, consisted of 65 cases (70%) cervical cancer stage IB1 and 27 cases (30%) cervical cancer stage IB2. Ultrasonografi was found to have diagnostic values as follow: sensitivity 92%, specificity 96%, positive predictive value 92%, negative predictive value 96%, and accuracy 95%. Meanwhile, clinical examination was found to have diagnostic values as follow: sensitivity 51%, specificity 92%, positive predictive value 73%, negative predictive value 82%, and accuracy 80%. From the calculation of resemblance between ultrasound and macroscopic size, there was an average difference approximately 0.56 cm. Meanwhile, from the calculation of resemblance between clinical examination and macroscopic size, there was an average difference approximately 0.97 cm.Conclusion. It can be concluded that the ultrasound has better diagnostic value compare to clinical examaination in examining the size of primary tumor of cervical cancer., Objective. The purpose of this study is to compare the diagnostic value of ultrasound and clinical examination in measuring the size of primary tumor of cervical cancer. Methods. It is a retrospective cross sectional study for patients with cervical cancerstage IB in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital from 2009 to 2014. Diagnostic value of bothexaminations were calculated with outcome: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value,negative predictive value, and accuracy. Resemblance test of both examinations were alsocalculated with macroscopic size as the gold standart. Result. From period 2009 until 2014, there were 92 subject which fulfilled the inclusioncriteria, consisted of 65 cases (70%) cervical cancer stage IB1 and 27 cases (30%) cervicalcancer stage IB2. Ultrasonografi was found to have diagnostic values as follow: sensitivity92%, specificity 96%, positive predictive value 92%, negative predictive value 96%, andaccuracy 95%. Meanwhile, clinical examination was found to have diagnostic values as follow:sensitivity 51%, specificity 92%, positive predictive value 73%, negative predictive value 82%,and accuracy 80%. From the calculation of resemblance between ultrasound and macroscopicsize, there was an average difference approximately 0.56 cm. Meanwhile, from the calculationof resemblance between clinical examination and macroscopic size, there was an averagedifference approximately 0.97 cm. Conclusion. It can be concluded that the ultrasound has better diagnostic value compare to clinical examaination in examining the size of primary tumor of cervical cancer.]"

"Latar BelakangSebesar lebih dari 70% kasus kanker serviks berhubungan dengan adanya infeksi oleh HPV tipe high-risk, terutama tipe 16/18 yang merupakan tipe paling agresif. Infeksi persisten oleh HPV tipe high-risk dapat menyebabkan perkembangan lesi serviks menjadi kanker sehingga infeksi tersebut penting untuk terdeteksi. Oleh karena itu, metode skrining memasukkan tes DNA HPV tipe high-risk sebagai salah satu opsinya, baik sebagai tes tunggal maupun kombinasi dengan tes sitologi serviks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan distribusi HPV tipe high-risk pada hasil sitologi serviks serta hubungannya dengan derajat lesi prakanker serviks.MetodePenelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada 104 pasien di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo pada periode tahun 2020—2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa hasil tes DNA HPV yang menggunakan DiagCor GenoFlow Human Papilloma Virus Array Test serta hasil sitologi serviks dari liquid based cytology (LBC). Data yang diperoleh dijelaskan menggunakan program SPSS versi 26.HasilHasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi infeksi HPV tipe high-risk sebesar 30,8% dengan genotipe terbanyak adalah HPV 18, HPV 52, HPV 51, dan HPV 58. Hasil uji analisis statistik menunjukkan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara infeksi HPV tipe high-risk dan derajat lesi prakanker serviks (p=0,000).KesimpulanTerdapat peningkatan angka kejadian infeksi HPV tipe high-risk seiring perkembangan derajat lesi prakanker serviks yang disertai dengan ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna di antara keduanya berdasarkan analisis statistik.

---

Introduction

More than 70% of cervical cancer cases are associated with infection of high-risk HPV, especially type 16/18 which is the most aggressive type. Persistent infection with high- risk HPV can cause cervical lesions to develop into cancer, so it is important to detect the infection. Therefore, screening methods include high-risk HPV DNA testing as one of the options, either as a single test or in combination with a cervical cytology test. This study aims to determine the prevalence and distribution of high-risk HPV in cervical cytology results and its association with the degree of cervical precancerous lesions.

Method

This study was conducted with a cross-sectional design on 104 patients at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo in the 2020-2022 period. This study used secondary data of HPV DNA test results using the DiagCor GenoFlow Human Papilloma Virus Array Test and cervical cytology results from liquid based cytology (LBC). The data were analyzed using the SPSS version 26 program.

Results

This study showed that the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection is 30.8% with the most common genotypes are HPV 18, HPV 52, HPV 51, and HPV 58. It is known by the statistical analysis test that there was a significant relationship between high-risk HPV infection and degree of cervical precancerous lesions (p=0.000).

Conclusion

There was an increase in the occurrence number of high-risk HPV infection along with the development of the degree of cervical precancerous lesions, accompanied by the discovery of a significant relationship between the two based on statistical analysis."

"Latar belakang: Kanker serviks menduduki peringkat kedua sebagai kanker tersering di seluruh dunia. Karsinoma sel skuamosa KSS adalah jenis histopatologi kanker serviks tersering. Prognosis terapi dan kesintasan KSS serviks menjadi informasi yang penting untuk pasien dan klinisi.Tujuan: 1.Memperbaiki prognosis dan respon terapi radiasi pasien KSS serviks; 2.Mengetahui respon pasca terapi radiasi pada pasien KSS serviks stadium IIIB; 3.Mengetahui prevalensi dan deskripsi sosiodemografi pasien KSS serviks stadium IIIB; 4.Mengetahui perbedaan klinikopatologik pasien KSS serviks stadium IIIB ditinjau dari: diameter massa serviks, derajat diferensiasi sel kanker, dan jenis histopatologi sel kanker; Mengetahui kesintasan 1 tahun setelah menjalani terapi radiasi. Metode: Dilakukan telaah historical kohort pada 76 pasien KSS serviks stadium IIIB di RSCM dari tahun 2016-2017. Pasien dikelompokkan menjadi KSS serviks stadium IIIB dengan pembesaran KGB dan tanpa pembesaran KGB. Dilakukan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Kesintasan 1 tahun dianalisis dengan menggunakan Kaplan-Meier. Hasil: Prevalensi terbagi menjadi 36 pasien 47,4 dengan pembesaran KGB, dan 40 pasien 52,6 tanpa pembesaran KGB. Respon terapi radiasi pada KSS serviks IIIB dengan pembesaran KGB lebih rendah, RR 4,26 1,96 -9,27, IK 95 . Skor prediktor 2.1 sebagai titik potong untuk menentukan diagnosis respons negatif pada terapi radiasi LR 2,31, sensitivitas 96,3 , spesifisitas 58,3 , dan akurasi 77,3 . Deskripsi sosiodemografi dan klinikopatologi sebanding antara kedua kelompok. Kesintasan 1 tahun KSS serviks stadium IIIB tanpa pembesaran KGB lebih baik HR 9,57. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna terhadap respon terapi radiasi antara kelompok KSS serviks stadium IIIB dengan pembesaran KGB dan tanpa pembesaran KGB.

---

Background: Cervical cancer is second rank as the most common cancer worldwide. Squamous cell carcinoma SCC is the most common histopathology type for cervical cancers. The radiotherapy prognostic and survival rate of cervical SCC becomes important information for patients and clinicians.

Objectives: 1 To improve prognostic and radiotherapy respond from SCC; 2 knowing the radiotherapy response in patients stage IIIB cervical SCC with lymph node enlargement LNE compared to without LNE; 3 knowing the prevalence and description of sociodemographic; 4 knowing clinicopathologic differences in stage IIIB cervical SCC patients in terms of: cervical mass diameter, differentiated grade of cancer cells, and histopathologic type of cancer cells. 5 Knowing 1 year survival rate after radiotherapy.

Method: A historical cohort study was undertaken in 76 patients with stage IIIB cervical SCC in RSCM from 2016-2017. Patients are grouped into stage IIIB cervical SCC with LNE and without LNE. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyzes were performed. The 1-year survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier.

Results: Prevalence was divided into 36 patients 47.4 with LNE, and 40 patients 52.6 without LNE. The radiotherapy respon for stage IIIB cervical SCC with LNE is worst than without LNE, RR 4.26 1.96-9.27, 95 IK . Predictor score ge;2.1 as the cutoff point to determine negative response on radiotherapy LR 2.31, sensitivity 96.3 , specificity 58.3 , and accuracy 77.3 . Sociodemographic and clinicopathologic descriptions were comparable between the two groups. The 1-year survival of stage IIIB cervical SCC without LNE better than with LNE, HR 9.57 3.28 ndash;27.88 95 IK.

Conclusion: There was a significant difference to radiotherapy response between the stage IIIB cervical SCC with LNE and without LNE."