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"Kondisi tata kelola pemerintahan yang diwarnai praktik spoil system mendorong pemerintah untuk mempercepat pembenahan di bidang manajemen aparatur sipil negara melalui agenda reformasi birokrasi. Adapun pendekatan meritokratik diadopsi oleh lembaga sektor publik sebagai sistem yang menekankan prinsip kesetaraan dalam proses rekrutmen aparatur sipil negara. Hal ini membuat pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan sistem merit sebagai strategi pemerintah untuk menunjang penyelenggaraan manajemen aparatur sipil negara di Indonesia. Dalam pelaksanaannya, implementasi kebijakan sistem merit tidak terlepas dari berbagai permasalahan dikelola oleh empat aktor kelembagaan meliputi Kementerian PANRB, LAN, BKN dan KASN. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses interaksi aktor dalam jaringan pada implementasi kebijakan sistem merit berdasarkan perspektif Governance Network yang dikembangkan oleh Klijn & Koppenjan (2016). Peneliti menggunakan paradigma post-positivist dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi kepustakaan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktor dalam jaringan tata kelola kebijakan sistem merit memiliki kapasitas kelembagaan yang memadai dalam menunjang pelaksanaan kebijakan sistem merit. Namun, intensitas koordinasi dan sinergitas antar aktor perlu dibenahi untuk memaksimalkan kemampuan aktor dalam jaringan. Pembuatan bisnis proses untuk menunjang tugas dan fungsi aktor dalam jaringan menjadi sangat diperlukan untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya duplikasi kewenangan antar lembaga. Hal ini menjadikan strategi penguatan sistem merit dibutuhkan oleh aktor kelembagaan dalam jaringan tata kelola kebijakan sistem merit.

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Governance conditions tinged by spoil system practices encourage the government to accelerate improvement in the field of management of the state civil apparatus through bureaucratic reform agenda. The meritocratic approach was adopted by public sector institutions as a system that emphasizes the principle of equality in the recruitment process of the state civil apparatus. This led the government to issue a merit system policy as the government's strategy to support the management of the state civil apparatus in Indonesia. In its implementation, the implementation of merit system policy is inseparable from various problems in the field managed by four institutional actors including the Ministry of PANRB, LAN, BKN, and KASN. This research aims to analyze the interaction process of actors in the network on the implementation of merit system policies based on the perspective of the governance network developed by Klijn & Koppenjan (2016). Researchers use the post-positivist paradigm with data collection techniques conducted through in-depth interviews and literature studies. The research findings show that actors in the merit system policy governance network have adequate institutional ability and capacity to support the implementation of merit system policies. However, the intensity of coordination and synergy between actors needs to be improved to maximize the ability of actors in the network. The business creation process to support the duties and functions of actors in the network becomes very necessary to anticipate the duplication of authority between institutions. This makes the strategy of strengthening the merit system needed by institutional actors in the governance network of merit system policy."

"ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas mengenai hukuman disiplin atas Aparatur Sipil Negara dalam rangka pelaksanaan manajemen Aparatur Sipil Negara berdasarkan sistem merit. Tesis ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Bagaimana penerapan sistem merit dalam pelaksanaan disiplin Aparatur Sipil Negara berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia, khususnya di lingkungan Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan, serta bagaimana pelaksanaan disiplin Aparatur Sipil Negara melalui penjatuhan hukuman disiplin? Disiplin merupakan bagian dari manajemen Aparatur Sipil Negara ASN menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014, manajemen ASN berdasarkan ketentuan ini menggunakan sistem merit. Namun sampai dengan saat ini, pelaksanaan disiplin ASN masih menggunakan peraturan yang lama, yaitu Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 53 Tahun 2010 yang hanya mengatur mengenai pelaksanaan disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil PNS dengan menggunakan gabungan sistem prestasi kerja dan sistem karir. Akibatnya terdapat kekosongan hukum terkait pelaksanaan disiplin Pegawai Pemerintah dengan Perjanjian Kerja PPPK , selain itu juga pelaksanaan disiplin PNS hanya menekankan kepada sanksi berupa penjatuhan hukuman disiplin, hal ini tidak sesuai dengan inti dari sistem merit yaitu penguatan reinforcement melalui reward and punishment. Bahkan ternyata diketahui bahwa pelaksanaan manajemen disiplin PNS melalui penjatuhan hukuman disiplin tersebut tidak menimbulkan efek jera, baik bagi yang bersangkutan maupun PNS lain, sehingga tidak mencapai tujuan pendisiplinan.

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ABSTRACT This thesis discussed about disciplinary punishment of public employees in the implementation of public employees management based on merit system. This thesis uses normative juridical research method. How is the application of merit system in the implementation of discipline of public employees, especially in the scope of Audit Board on Indonesia, and how is the implementation of the discipline of public employees through disciplinary punishment? Discipline is part of the management of public employees according to Law Number 5 of 2014, management of public employees according to this provision using merit system. However, until now, the implementation of public employees discipline still uses the old regulation, namely Government Regulation Number 53 of 2010 which only regulates the implementation of discipline of civil servants by using a combination of work performance system and career system. As a result, there is no regulation regarding the implementation of discipline of public employees who are not civil servants. Besides, the implementation of discipline of civil servant only emphasizes sanctions in the form of disciplinary punishment, this is not in accordance with the core of the merit system ie reinforcement through reward and punishment. Even it turns out that the implementation of civil servant discipline management through disciplinary punishment does not cause deterrent effect, both for the concerned and other civil servants, so as not to achieve disciplinary goals."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang kapasitas kebijakan Komisi Aparatur Sipil Negara (KASN) dalam melaksanakan pengawasan sistem merit manajemen Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan kapasitas kebijakan KASN dalam mengawasi pelaksanaan sistem merit manajemen ASN. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori tiga dimensi kapasitas kebijakan dari teori kapasitas kebijakan menurut Xun Wu, Michael Howlett dan M. Ramesh (2015) yaitu dimensi kapasitas analitis, dimensi kapasitas operasional, dan dimensi kapasitas politik. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data secara kualitatif dengan data yang diperoleh dari wawancara mendalam dan studi kepustakaan. Peneliti melakukan wawancara mendalam kepada pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam pelaksanaan pengawasan sistem merit pada manajemen ASN yang merupakan pegawai KASN dan Badan Kepegawaian Negara (BKN). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum kapasitas kebijakan level organisasi KASN dalam pengawasan sistem merit sudah baik, yang ditunjukkan oleh terpenuhinya indikator pada dimensi analitis dan politik. Sementara indikator komitmen organisasi untuk mencapai tujuan dan indikator koordinasi proses internal pada dimensi operasional. Namun, dalam indikator ketersediaan sumber daya fiskal dan personel pada dimensi kapasitas operasional KASN masih cenderung lemah karena kurangnya ketersediaan anggaran dana dan SDM di KASN.

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This study discusses the position of the State Civil Apparatus Commission in implementing the merit management supervisory system of the State Civil Apparatus. This study aims to describe the policy position of the State Civil Apparatus Commission in supervising the implementation of the State Civil Apparatus merit management system. This study uses a three-dimensional theory of policy capacity from the theory of policy capacity according to Xun Wu, Michael Howlett, and M. Ramesh (2015), namely the analytical capacity, operational capacity dimensions, and political capacity dimensions. This study uses qualitative data collection techniques with data obtained from in-depth interviews and literature studies. The researcher conducted in-depth interviews with the parties involved in implementing an appropriate supervisory system for managing the State Civil Apparatus, who are employees of the State Civil Apparatus Commission and the State Civil Service Agency. The fulfillment of indicators on the analytical and political dimensions of the merit system demonstrated that, in general, the organizational capacity at the policy level of the State Civil Apparatus Commission to supervise it was good. Meanwhile, indicators of organizational commitment to achieving goals and internal process coordination are on the operational dimension. However, the indicators for the availability of fiscal and personnel resources on the dimensions of the operational capacity of the State Civil Apparatus Commission still need to be more substantial due to the lack of availability of budgetary funds and human resources in the State Civil Apparatus Commission."

"Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang kapasitas perubahan organisasi Badan Kepegawaian Daerah dalam mendukung praktik terbaik penerapan sistem merit di Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga dimensi kapasitas perubahan organisasi dari Teori Organizational Change Capacity (OCC) oleh Klarner at al. (2007, 2008) dan Judge & Douglas (2009) yang terdiri dari konteks organisasi, proses perubahan, dan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan campuran melalui sensus, wawancara mendalam, dan studi kepustakaan. Sensus dilakukan secara langsung melalui penyebaran kuesioner dengan melibatkan 112 responden yang merupakan pegawai Badan Kepegawaian Daerah Provinsi Jawa Barat, sementara itu wawancara mendalam dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan 12 informan. Analisis kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kapasitas perubahan yang dimiliki oleh Badan Kepegawaian Daerah Provinsi Jawa Barat adalah tinggi, hasil uji statistik tersebut juga didukung oleh analisis kualitatif berdasarkan temuan di lapangan. Oleh karena itu, dapat dikatakan bahwa Badan Kepegawaian Daerah Provinsi Jawa Barat tidak hanya mampu untuk mengikuti tuntutan reformasi birokrasi dalam bidang kebijakan dan manajemen kepegawaian secara khusus penerapan sistem merit, namun lebih dari itu memiliki berbagai inisiatif untuk menjadikan penerapan sistem ini sebagai keunggulan kompetitif bagi organisasi.

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This study examines the organizational change capacity of Regional Civil Service Agency to support the best practice of merit system implementation in the West Java Provincial Government. This study uses three dimensions of organizational change capacity from Organizational Change Capacity (OCC) Theory by Klarner at al. (2007, 2008) and Judge & Douglas (2009) which consist of organizational context, change process, and learning. This research uses a quantitative approach with mixed methods data collection through census, in-depth interviews, and library research. The census was held directly through the distribution of questionnaires by involving 112 respondents who were employees of the Regional Civil Service Agency of West Java Province, while in-depth interviews were carried out involving 12 informants. Quantitative analysis shows that the level of organizational change capacity of the Regional Civil Service Agency of West Java Province is high, the results of the statistical test are also supported by qualitative analysis based on research findings. Therefore, it can be said that the Regional Civil Service Agency of West Java Province is not only able to follow the demands of bureaucratic reform in the fields of human resource policy and management, specifically merit system implementation, but more than that, it has various initiatives to make the implementation of this system a competitive advantage for the organization."

"Berbagai permasalahan dalam proses rekrutmen dan seleksi bintara Polri masih terjadi. Pada tahun 2017, dari 33 Polda yang menyelenggarakan proses rekrutmen dan seleksi Polri, terdapat 8 Polda dan 1 Satker Mabes Polri yang masih ditemukan adanya penyimpangan. Namun demikian, Polda Metro Jaya justru mendapatkan penghargaan dari Kapolri atas prestasinya dalam menyelenggarakan proses rekrutmen dan seleksi Polri tahun 2017. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis implementasi merit system dalam proses rekrutmen dan seleksi bintara Polri yang diselenggarakan oleh Polda Metro Jaya tahun 2018 serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya, sehingga diharapkan Polda Metro Jaya dapat menjadi role model bagi Polda-polda lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan post-positivism. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi dokumen dan wawancara mendalam yang selanjutnya dilakukan analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa belum terdapat Peraturan Kapolri yang mengatur secara tegas tentang penerapan merit system dalam proses rekrutmen dan seleksi Polri. Peraturan yang ada menggariskan bahwa prinsip yang digunakan dalam proses rekrutmen dan seleksi Polri adalah bersih, transparan, akuntabel dan humanis (BETAH) yang selaras dengan prinsip merit. Terdapat celah-celah yang berpotensi kecurangan dalam mekanisme tiap metode seleksi hingga penentuan kelulusan akhir sehingga berpotensi merit system tidak terimplementasi dengan baik. Namun demikian, Polda Metro Jaya dapat menyelenggarakan proses rekrutmen dan seleksi bintara Polri tahun 2018 berdasarkan merit system. Faktor utama yang menentukan keberhasilan Polda Metro Jaya adalah faktor Kapolda selaku Ketua Panitia Daerah yang memiliki komitmen tinggi untuk mewujudkan proses rekrutmen dan seleksi bintara Polri dengan berbasis merit system.

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Various problems in the recruitment and selection process of non-commissioned officer still occur. In 2017, of the 33 Regional Police Offices (Polda) that held national police recruitment and selection process, there were 8 Regional Police Offices and 1 National Police Headquarters Work Unit where  irregularities were still found. Nevertheless, Polda  Metro Jaya instead received an award from The Chief of Indonesian Police for its achievements in holding the 2017 national police recruitment and selection process.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of merit systems in the recruitment and selection process of Non-commissioned  Police Officer held by Polda Metro Jaya in 2018 as well as the factors that influenced them, with the expectation that Polda Metro Jaya could become a role model  for other Regional Police Offices. The study uses an approach post-positivist. Data collections are done by document studis and in-depth interviews which the data analysis then were carried out.

The results showed that there was no Kapolri Regulation that explicitly regulated the implementation of merit systems in the process of recruitment and selection of National Police. The existing regulations outline that the principles used in the National Police recruitment and selection process are clean, transparent, accountable and humane (BETAH) that are in line with the principle of merit. There are potential loopholes in the mechanism of each selection method which determine the final graduation  with the result that the potential merit system is not implemented properly.

Nevertheless, Metro Jaya Regional Police could still hold the 2018 National Police commission recruitment and selection process based on the merit system. The main factor that determines the success of Polda Metro Jaya is Chief of Regional Police as the Chairperson of the Regional Committee who has a high commitment to administer Non-commissioned  Police Officer recruitment and selection process with a merit-based system."

"Reformasi Birokrasi Pemasyarakatan secara yuridis dideklarasikan pada tanggal 27 April 2010 dan secara faktual terus bergerak maju terutama di lingkungan Direktorat Jenderal yang berperan dominan dalam menggulirkan program reformasi birokrasi baik di Unit Eselon I Kementerian Hukum dan HAM maupun di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pemasyarakatan. Kebijakan dan arah baru Reformasi Birokrasi Nasional sebagaimana diatur dalam Perpres Nomor 81 Tahun 2010 dan Permenpan Nomor 20 Tahun 2010 termasuk seluruh aturan turunannya diakomodir oleh pemasyarakatan sebagai pedoman implementasi reformasi birokrasi pemasyarakatan. Salah satu wujud impelentasi Reformasi Birokrasi di Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan adalah penguatan Akuntabilitas Kinerja dalam bentuk tersusunya Laporan Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah (LAKIP). Dalam penelitian ini ada tiga pertanyaan penelitian yang hendak dijawab yaitu bagaimanakah peran Laporan Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah (LAKIP) dalam Reformasi Birokrasi di Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan, kendala-kendala apa yang dihadapi dalam penyusunan Laporan Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah (LAKIP) di Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan dan upaya-upaya apa yang dilakukan pihak Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan dalam mengatasi kendala penyusunan Laporan Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah (LAKIP). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan wawancara menggunakan pedoman wawancara. Informan kunci 1 orang, informan tambahan 1 orang dan infonnan tambahan sebanyak 3 orang. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan Kementerian Hukum dan HAMRI. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa LAKIP Ditjenpas belum optimal berperan sebagai Sarana pengambilan kebijakan strategis. Peran tersebut dilihat dari aspek sumber daya yang ada yaitu sumber daya manusia (petugas), informasi , kewenangan , serta sarana prasarana. Kemudian terdapat dua kendala yang mengakibattkan tidak idealnya LAKIP Ditjenpas, yaitu kendala sumber daya manusia petugas penyusun LAKIP dan kendala struktur organisasi dan kewenangan antara UPT Pemasyarakatan, Kantor Wilayah dan Ditjenpas. Upaya­ upaya untuk mengat?-si kendala penyusunan LAKIP Ditjenpas yang bisa dilakukan berkenaan dengan kendala sumber daya manusia adalah rotasi internal Ditjenpas , mutasi petugas dari UPT Pemasyarakatan ke Ditjenpas dan penyelenggaraan pelatihan atau bimtek penyusunan LAKIP. Sementara upaya berkenaan dengan struktur organisasi dan kewenangan adalah meningkatkan koordinasi antara Ditjenpas , Kanwil dan UPT Pemasyarakatan, membuat SOP penyusunan LAKIP hingga tingkat UPT Pemasyarakatan dan terus mendorong perubahan struktur organisasi.

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Correctional Reforms judicially declared on April 27, 2010 and in fact continues to move forward, especially in the Directorate General of the dominant role in rolling bureaucratic reform program well in units Ministries of Justice and Human Rights as well as in the Technical Unit of Corrections. Policies and new directions of National Bureaucracy Reform stipulated in Presidential Decree No. 81 of 2010 and No. 20 of 2010 Permenpan including all accommodated by the penal ordinances to guide the implementation of penal reform bureaucracy. One manifestation impelentasi Reforms in the Directorate General of Corrections is strengthening accountability in the form of performance completion Government Performance Accountability Report (performance reports).

In this study there are three research questions to be answered is how the role of the Government Performance Accountability Report (LAKIP) in Bureaucratic Reform in the Directorate General of Corrections, what obstacles encountered in the preparation of the Government Performance Accountability Report (LAKIP) in the Directorate General of Corrections and what efforts carried out by the Directorate General of Corrections in overcoming obstacles preparation of Government Perforriiance Accountability Report (performance reports). The method used was a qualitative method with interviews using an interview guide. 1 person key informant, the informant and the informant added 1 additional as many as 3 people. Location of the research conducted in the Directorate General of Correctional Ministry of Justice and Human Rights.

Based on the results of the study found that the Performance Accountability Reports Government Directorate General of Corrections is not optimal role as a means of strategic policy making. The role seen from the aspect of existing resources is human resources (personnel), information, authority, and infrastructure. Then there are two constraints that are not ideally mengakibattkan Performance Accountability Reports Government Directorate General of Corrections, namely human resource constraints constituent officers Performance Accountability Report and the Government of the organizational structure and authority constraints between Correctional Unit, Regional Office and the Directorate General of Corrections. Efforts to overcome the obstacles preparation Performance Accountability Reports Government Directorate General of Corrections can be done with regard to human resource constraints are internal rotation Directorate General of Corrections, mutation of UPT Correctional officer to the Directorate General of Corrections and the implementation of training or preparation Bimtek Performance Accountability Reports government. While efforts with respect to organizational structure and authority are improving coordination between the Directorate General of Corrections, and the Office of Correctional Unit, making the preparation of SOP Performance Accountability Report to the Government of Correctional Unit level and continue to drive changes in the organizational structure."

"Kebijakan sistem merit merupakan sebuah pendekatan pengelolaan kepegawaian yang berfokus pada kompetensi, kualifikasi dan kinerja. Kebijakan sistem merit memiliki proses formulasi yang dinamis sehingga tercermin dalam implementasinya sejak tahun 2014. Kebijakan Sistem Merit diamanatkan melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara. Permasalahan seperti pembagian kewenangan yang beririsan hingga distorsi kebijakan menjadi poin penting untuk menilik lebih jauh mengenai proses dalam implementasi kebijakan sistem merit. Berdasarkan implementasinya, kebijakan sistem merit tidak terlepas dari berbagai dinamika yang dikelola oleh empat aktor kelembagaan meliputi Kementerian PANRB, KASN, BKN dan LAN. Oleh karena itu, peneliti membahas implementasi kebijakan melalui proses relasi antar aktor kelembagaan dan faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan dalam menggerakan kebijakan sistem merit. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan relasi antar aktor kelembagaan dan menggambarkan bentuk jaringan dalam implementasi kebijakan sistem merit dalam perspektif network governance yang dikemukakan oleh Provan dan Kenis (2008). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan post-positivist. Data yang digunakan berasal dari wawancara mendalam serta beberapa studi kepustakaan pada data sekunder. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada analisis faktor keberhasilan terdapat empat indikator keberhasilan dalam proses implementasi kebijakan sistem merit, yakni kepercayaan yang kuat, jumlah partisipan yang tidak kompleks, aktor memiliki kondisi yang sama untuk mencapai tujuan bersama, serta kompetensi antar aktor yang saling menguatkan dan kemampuan merespon permintaan eksternal. Selain itu, ditemukan faktor lain yang menjadi kendala yakni, kebutuhan aktor belum dapat diakomodasi dengan baik, konsensus yang belum begitu kuat, penerimaan informasi antar aktor kelembagaan yang belum terdistribusi dengan baik, persamaan persepsi yang belum kuat, kurangnya keterampilan koordinasi antar aktor kelembagaan karena perbedaan persepsi, informasi hingga perilaku ego sektoral. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa relasi aktor kelembagaan dalam proses implementasi kebijakan sistem merit memenuhi karakteristik yang dimiliki pada bentuk shared-governance. Rekomendasi yang dapat diberikan pada penelitian ini adalah Kementerian PANRB, KASN, BKN dan LAN untuk meningkatkan intensitas koordinasi baik dengan internal maupun eksternal kelembagaan. Adapun kegiatan koordinasi dapat dilakukan setiap masa triwulan untuk memfasilitasi lintas aktor dalam melakukan sinkronisasi kebijakan terkait dengan pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi yang dijalankan.

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Merit system policy is a management approach that focuses on competence, qualification and performance. Merit system policy has a dynamic formulation process that has been reflected in its implementation since 2014. The Merit System Policy is mandated through Law No. 1. 5 of 2014 on the State Civil Apparatus. Problems such as the distribution of authorities that range from policy distortion to policy distortion become important points for further consideration of the process in the implementation of the merit system policy. Based on its implementation, the merit system policy is independent of various dynamics managed by four institutional actors including the Ministry of PANRB, KASN, BKN and LAN. Therefore, researchers discuss policy implementation through the process of relationships between institutional actors and the factors that determine success in mobilizing merit system policies. This study aims to illustrate the factors that determine the success of the relationship between institutional actors and to illustrate the network form in the implementation of the merit system policy in the perspective of network governance proposed by Provan and Kenis (2008). This study used a post-positivist approach. The data used came from in-depth interviews as well as several library studies on secondary data. The findings of this study show that in the analysis of success factors there are four indicators of success in the process of implementing merit system policy: strong trust, non-complex number of participants, actors have the same conditions for achieving common goals, as well as competence between actors that strengthen each other and respond to external requests. In addition, there are other factors that become obstacles namely, the needs of actors cannot be properly accommodated, the consensus that is not yet so strong, the information acquisition between institutional actors that has not been well distributed, the perceptual similarities that have not been strong, lack of coordination skills between institutional actors due to differences in perceptions, information, and sectoral ego behavior. It can be concluded that the institutional actor relationship in the process of implementing the merit system policy meets the characteristics it has in the shared-government form. Recommendations that can be given in this study are the Ministry of PANRB, KASN, BKN and LAN to increase the intensity of coordination with both internal and external institutions. Coordination activities can be carried out every quarter to facilitate cross-actors in synchronizing policies related to the implementation of their duties and functions."

"Network governance has received much attention within the fields of public administration and policy in recent years, but surprisingly few books are designed specifically to help students, researchers, and practitioners examine key concepts, synthesize the growing body of literature into reliable frameworks, and to bridge the theory-practice gap by exploring network applications. Network Governance: Concepts, Theories, and Applications is the first textbook to focus on interorganizational networks and network governance from the perspective of public policy and administration, asking important questions such as: How are networks designed and developed? How are they governed, and what type of leadership do they require? To whom are networks accountable, and when are they effective? How can network governance contribute to effective delivery of public services and policy implementation?In this timely new book, authors Naim Kapucu and Qian Hu define and examine key concepts, propose exciting new theoretical frameworks to synthetize the fast-growing body of network research in public policy and administration, and provide detailed discussion of applications. Network Governance offers not only a much-needed systematic examination of existing knowledge, but it also goes much further than existing books by discussing the applications of networks in a wide range of management practice and policy domains—including natural resource management, environmental protection, public health, emergency and crisis management, law enforcement, transportation, and community and economic development. Chapters include understudied network research topics such as power and decision-making in interorganizational networks, virtual networks, global networks, and network analysis applications. What sets this book apart is the introduction of social network analysis and coverage of applications of social network analysis in the policy and management domains. PowerPoint slides and a sample syllabus are available for adopters on an accompanying website. Drawing on literature from sociology, policy sciences, organizational studies, and economics, this textbook will be required reading for courses on network governance, collaborative public management, cross-sector governance, and collaboration and partnerships in programs of public administration, public affairs, and public policy."

"Government officials in Indonesia are required to continuously improve their services quantitatively and qualitatively to increase the country competitiviness and public sector management quality

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"SP4N menggunakan LAPOR! kini dikelola oleh Kementerian PANRB, Kantor Staf Presiden, Ombudsman RI, Kementerian Dalam Negeri, dan Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika yang pada PermenPANRB Nomor 46 Tahun 2020 disebut sebagai penyelenggara SP4N di level makro (nasional). Peraturan tersebut ditindaklanjuti dengan hadirnya Nota Kesepahaman, Perjanjian Kerja Sama, dan Rencana Aksi Bersama untuk menstimulasi sinergi kolaborasi dan pencapaian target sesuai dengan road map. Namun, selama perjalannya ditemukan berbagai permasalahan dan isu yang menjadi tantangan bagi para aktor. Hal ini perlu diatasi melalui peningkatan koordinasi dan interaksi dalam jejaring aktor SP4N di level makro sehingga diperlukan peninjauan terhadap keberhasilan atau kegagalan dari sisi proses jaringan tata kelolanya. Dengan demikian, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi proses governance network pada jejaring aktor penyelenggaraan SP4N di level makro. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga kriteria penilaian proses governance network oleh Klijn & Koppenjan (2016), yakni kriteria content, kriteria process, dan kriteria network guna menilai keberhasilan atau kegagalan proses governance network. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan post-positivist dengan teknik pengumpulan data kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses governance network pada jejaring aktor penyelenggaraan SP4N di level makro selama ini telah cukup berhasil pada kriteria content, tetapi belum berhasil pada kriteria process dan kriteria network. Dengan demikian, proses governance network pada jejaring aktor penyelenggaraan SP4N di level makro masih membutuhkan berbagai upaya perbaikan, baik untuk penyelesaian isu yang menjadi permasalahan pada penyelenggaraan SP4N maupun untuk pengoptimalan keseluruhan proses governance network pada jejaring aktor penyelenggaraan SP4N di level makro ke depannya.

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SP4N using LAPOR! is now managed by the Kementerian PANRB, Kantor Staf Presiden, Ombudsman RI, Kementerian Dalam Negeri, and Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika, which in Regulation of the Minister of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform Number 46 of 2020 is referred to as the SP4N organizer at the macro (national) level. The regulation was followed up by a Memorandum of Understanding, Cooperation Agreement, and Joint Action Plan to stimulate collaboration synergy and achieve targets per the road map. However, various problems and issues became challenges for the actors during the journey. These need to be addressed through increased coordination and interaction within the SP4N actor-network at the macro level, which requires a review of the success or failure of the governance network processes. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the governance network processes in the actor-network of the SP4N at the macro level. This research uses three criteria for assessing the governance network processes by Klijn & Koppenjan (2016), namely content criteria, process criteria, and network criteria to assess the success or failure of the governance network processes. This research uses a post-positivist approach with qualitative data collection techniques through in-depth interviews. The results showed that the governance network processes in the actor-network of the SP4N at the macro level have been quite successful in the content criteria but have yet to succeed in the process and network criteria. Thus, the governance network processes in the actor-network of the SP4N at the macro level still require various improvement efforts, both for resolving issues that become problems in the implementation of SP4N and for optimizing the overall governance network processes in the actor-network of the SP4N at the macro level in the future."