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"Senyawa derivat kuinolin merupakan senyawa heterosiklik yang memiliki aktivitas biologis yang cukup baik seperti aktivitas antioksidan, antimikroba dan antivirus. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan alumunium klorida sebagai katalis yang dapat mempercepat laju reaksi serta hidrogen peroksida digunakan sebagai agen pengoksidasi yang dapat meningkatkan yield produk yang terbentuk. Hasil massa campuran sintesis derivat 1 menggunakan anilin diperoleh sebesar 48,2 mg dan sintesis derivat 2 dengan 4-nitroanlin sebesar 70,72 mg. Keberhasilan pembentukan senyawa derivat kuinolin dikarakterisasi dengan kromatografi lapis tipis, Uji titik leleh, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, Ultraviolet- Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer and Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Hasil sintesis senyawa derivat kuinolin kemudian diklorinasi menggunakan asam trikloroisosianurat dengan asetonitril (CH3CN). Hasil massa campuran derivat 1 terklorinasi diperoleh sebesar 70,1 mg dan derivat 2 terklorinasi sebesar 93,6 mg. Karakterisasi produk senyawa terklorinasi menggunakan gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan digunakan metode DPPH yang ditandai dengan perubahan warna ungu menjadi kuning. Hasil IC50 derivat 1 sebesar 311,5779 ppm, derivat 1 terklorinasi sebesar 276,785 ppm, derivat 2 sebesar 268,1427 ppm dan derivat 2 terklorinasi sebesar 192,8858 ppm.

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Quinoline derivate compounds are heterocyclic compounds that have a good biological activity such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antivirus activity. This study use aluminum chloride as a catalyst that can accelerate the reaction rate and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent that can increase the yield of the final product. The mass of a mixture of derivate 1 synthesis using aniline was 48,2 mg and the synthesis of derivate 2 with 4- nitroanline was 70,72 mg. The successful formation of quinoline derivate compounds was characterized by thin layer chromatography, melting point, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer and Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). The results of the synthesis of quinoline derivatives are then chlorinated using trichloroisocyanuric acid with acetonitrile (CH3CN). The mass of chlorinated derivate 1 mixture was obtained at 70,1 mg and chlorinated derivate 2 was obtained at 93,6 mg. Characterization of chlorinated compound products using Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). The DPPH method was used to test for antioxidant activity which was marked by a change in color from purple to yellow. The result of IC50 for derivative 1 was 311.5779 ppm, chlorinated derivate 1 was 276.785 ppm, derivate 2 was 268.1427 ppm and chlorinated derivative 2 was 192.8858 ppm."

"Senyawa turunan isonikotinoil hidrazon merupakan senyawa yang memiliki gugus dasar seperti N-heterosiklik, amida, imina, dan gugus benzena serta memiliki aktivitas biologis berupa antioksidan. Pada penelitian ini, digunakan isoniazid sebagai prekursor untuk mensintesis senyawa turunan isonikotinoil hidrazon. Senyawa turunan isonikotinoil hidrazon pada penelitian ini dapat disintesis dengan cara mereaksikan isoniazid dengan beberapa aromatik aldehid seperti sinamaledehid, benzaldehid, 4-hidroksi benzaldehid, dan 4-metoksi benzaldehid. Turunan isonikotinoil hidrazon yang terbentuk dengan sinamaldehid dapat direaksikan lebih lanjut membentuk kuinoilin. Produk yang terbentuk akan dimurnikan, diidentifikasi menggunakan KLT dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan beberapa instrumen seperti Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, dan Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Kemudian, senyawa turunan isonikotinoil hidrazon yang terbentuk diuji aktivitas antioksidan dari produk yang terbentuk dengan menggunakan metode DPPH. Senyawa N-[(E)-[(E)-3-fenilprop-2-eniliden]amino]piridin-4-karboksamida memberikan %rendemen sebesar 73%, senyawa N-[(fenil)metilideneamino]piridin-4-karboksamida memberikan %rendemen sebesar 36,7%, senyawa N-[(4-hidroksifenil) metilideneamino]piridin-4-karboksamida memberikan %rendemen sebesar 94,9%, dan senyawa N-[(4-metoksifenil)metilideneamino]piridin-4-karboksamida memberikan %rendemen sebesar 95,56%. Hasil uji antioksidan dengan menggunakan metode DPPH menghasilkan IC50 secara berturut-turut sebesar 6802 ppm, 23204 ppm, 4701 ppm, dan 7323 ppm.

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Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone Derivatives compund is a compund that have a basic functional group such as N-heterocyclic, amide, imine, and benzene and has a several biological activities such as antioxidant. In this study, isoniazid was used as a precursor to synthesis isonicotinoyl hydrazone derivatives compound. Isonicotinoyl hydrazone derivatives compound can be synthesized by reacting isoniazid with several aromatic aldehyde such as cinnamaldehyde, benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde, and 4-methoxy benzaldehyde. Isonocotinoyl hydrazone derivative formed with cinnamaldehyde can be further reacted to form quinoline. The product formed will be purified, identified using TLC and characterized using several instrument such as FTIR, UV-Vis, LC-MS, and NMR. Then, the formed product of isonicotinoyl hydrazone derivative compounds were tested for antioxidant activity using DPPH method. N-[(E)-[(E)-3-phenylprop-2-enylidene]amino]pyridine-4-carboxamide compound gave a %yield of 73%. N-[(phenyl)methylideneamino]pyridine-4-carboxamide compound gave a %yield of 36.7%%. N-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]pyridine-4-carboxamide compound gave a %yield of 94.9%. N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]pyridine-4-carboxamide compound gave a %yield of 95.56%. The antioxidant test results using DPPH method gave IC50 of 6802 ppm, 23204 ppm, 4701 ppm, and 7323 ppm, respectively."

"Kuinolin adalah senyawa heterosiklik yang derivatnya memiliki berbagai aktivitas biologis seperti antibakteri dan antioksidan. Struktur kuinolin telah dibentuk dari prekursor isatin dan etil asetoasetat melalui reaksi Pfitzinger pada suasana asam. Dari turunan kuinolin tersebut dibentuk struktur kuinolin benzimidazol melalui reaksi tanpa pelarut dengan o-fenilendiamin. Selain itu, dibentuk senyawa turunan kuinolin hidrazon melalui reaksi dengan hidrazin hidrat diikuti aldehid aromatik. Sebagai variasi digunakan tiga jenis aldehid aromatik yaitu: benzaldehid, 4-hidroksibenzaldehid, dan trans-sinamaldehid. Keempat senyawa yang terbentuk dikarakterisasi menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT), uji titik leleh, FTIR, LC-MS, dan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dan antimikroba dilakukan untuk mengetahui bioaktivitas senyawa yang telah disintesis. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH sedangkan uji aktivitas antimikroba menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Hasil uji antioksidan menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan yang lemah pada semua senyawa bila dibandingkan dengan asam askorbat. Senyawa 3, yang disintesis dari 4-hidroksibenzaldehid, memiliki aktivitas antioksidan paling baik dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 843,52 ppm. Nilai IC50 senyawa 1, 2, dan 4 berturut-turut adalah 4784,66; 4343,97; dan 3612,62 ppm. Uji antimikroba terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus menunjukkan bahwa semua senyawa yang disintesis tidak memiliki aktivitas antimikroba pada rentang konsentrasi uji 75–1000 ppm.

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Quinoline and its derivatives are known to possess various biological activities such as antibacterial and antioxidant activity. In this work, quinoline moiety was formed from isatin and ethyl acetoacetate by Pfitzinger reaction under acidic conditions. Quinoline benzimidazole derivative was synthesized from quinoline derivative and o-phenylenediamine via solvent-less reaction. In addition, quinoline hydrazone derivatives were formed by the reaction of quinoline derivative with hydrazine hydrate and aromatic aldehyde. Benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and trans-cinnamaldehyde were used separately as aromatic aldehyde in this experiment. The four compounds formed were characterized by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), melting point measurement, FTIR, LC-MS, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Antioxidant and Antimicrobial activity were evaluated by DPPH assay and disc diffusion method, respectively. All compounds showed weak antioxidant activity compared to ascorbic acid. Compound 3 showed the best antioxidant activity (IC50 = 843.52 ppm). The IC50 values ​​for compounds 1, 2, and 4 were 4784.66, 4343.97, and 3612.62 ppm, respectively. All synthesized compounds did not have any antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in a concentration range of 75–1000 ppm."

"Pada penelitian ini, senyawa dengan kerangka quinoline dan camphor akan digabungkan melalui linker hidrazida-hidrazon. Senyawa asam quinoline-4-karboksilat menjadi struktur awal sebelum direaksikan dengan camphor. Senyawa ini disintesis melalui reaksi Pfitzinger dengan bantuan katalis nanopartikel La2O3. Penggunaan katalis La2O3 pada reaksi menunjukkan yield yang relatif baik. Katalis La2O3 disintesis melalui metode sol gel menggunakan polietilena glikol (PEG) sebagai capping agent sehingga diperoleh katalis berukuran 40–50 nm. Senyawa asam quinoline-4-karboksilat kemudian melalui tahapan esterifikasi dengan etanol, reaksi dengan hidrazin hidrat, dan reaksi dengan camphor sehingga terbentuk senyawa turunan camphor hidrazida-hidrazon. Selanjutnya, aktivitas antioksidan dari produk target diuji dengan metode DPPH, sedangkan aktivitas antibakteri diuji dengan metode difusi cakram terhadap bakteri Eschericia coli (bakteri gram negatif) dan Staphylococcus Aureus (bakteri gram positif).

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In this study, compounds with a quinoline and camphor framework will be combined through a hydrazide-hydrazone linker. Quinoline-4-carboxylic acid compounds become the key structure before being reacted with camphor. This compound was synthesized through the Pfitzinger reaction with a La2O­3 nanoparticle catalyst. The use of La2O­3 catalyst in the reaction showed a relatively good yield. La2O­3 catalyst was synthesized through the sol gel method using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a capping agent to obtain a catalyst with a size of 40–50 nm. The quinoline-4-carboxylic acid compound then went through the stages of esterification with ethanol, reaction with hydrazine hydrate, and reaction with camphor to form a derivative compound of camphor hydrazide-hydrazone. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the target product was tested by the DPPH method, while the antibacterial activity was tested by the agar disc diffusion method against Eschericia coli (gram-negative bacteria) and Staphylococcus Aureus (gram-positive bacteria)."

"ABSTRAKSintesis turunan tetrahidrobenzo[b]piran dilakukan dengan menggabungkan 3 komponen dalam satu wadah melalui reaksi kondensasi antara dimedone, aromatik aldehida benzaldehid, hidroksibenzaldehid, dan sinamaldehid dan malanonitril menggunakan jumlah katalis amonium asetat pada kondisi refluks. Sedangkan turunan polyhydroquinoline juga disintesis dalam satu wadah melalui reaksi kondensasi Hantzsch antara dimedone, aromatik aldehida, etil asetoasetat dan amonium asetat dengan adanya imidazol sebagai organokatalis. Selama Proses sintesis dilakukan monitoring dengan menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis. Berdasarkan hasil optimasi reaksi senyawa 1, 2, dan 3 yang merupakan turunan pyran, diperoleh kondisi optimum pada 60 menit, suhu 100 C dengan pelarut H2O, dan jumlah katalis amonium asetat untuk senyawa 1, dan 2 pada 29 wt, sedangkan pada senyawa 3 pada 3 wt. Senyawa 4 yang merupakan turunan kuinolin menunjukan kondisi optimum pada 90 menit, 70?C menggunakan pelarut etanol dan jumlah katalis imidazol 5 wt. Proses sintesis turunan senyawa piran dan kuinolin tersebut sederhana, ramah lingkungan, cepat, menghasilkan rendemen yang tinggi dan waktu reaksi yang pendek untuk sintesis turunan tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran dan polihidrokinolin. Turunan tetrahidrobenzo[b]piran dan polihidrokinolin disintesis dan dianalisis menggunakan instrumen FTIR, UV-Vis, dan GC-MS. Dilakukan pengujian aktivitas biologis sebagai antioksidan dari hasil sintesis senyawa turunan piran dan kuinolin menggunakan metode DPPH. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa produk sintesis memiliki IC50 pada senyawa 1, 2, 3, dan 4 berturut-turut 62,54, 58,17, 44,40, 54,63 ppm.

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ABSTRACTSynthesis of tetrahydrobenzo b pyran derivatives combines three components in one pot via the condensation reaction of dimedone, aldehydes benzaldehyde, hydroxybenzaldehyde, and cinnamaldehyde and malanonitrile using amount of catalytic amonium asetat under reflux conditions. While polyhydroquinoline derivatives were also synthesized in one pot via Hantzsch condensation reaction of dimedone, aromatic aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate and ammonium acetate in presence of imidazole as an organocatalyst. During the reaction it will be monitored by using chromatography thin layer. Based on the result of reaction optimation compound 1, 2, and 3 which are pyran derivatives, it is obtained the optimum condition at 60 minute, temperature 100 C with H2O solvent, and amount of ammonium acetate catalyst for compound 1, and 2 at 29 wt, while compound 3 at 3 wt. Compound 4 which is quinoline derivative is obtained optimum conditions at 90 minutes, 70 C using ethanol solvent and amount of imidazole catalyst at 5 wt. The synthesis process of pyran and quinoline derivatives is simple, environmentally friendly, rapid, high yielding reaction and short reaction times for the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo b pyran and polyhydroquinoline derivatives. The tetrahydrobenzo b pyran and polyhydroquinoline derivatives was synthesized and analized by FTIR, UV Vis, and GC MS. The biological activity as antioxidant of the synthesized pyrans and quinoline derivatives were evaluated by DPPH method. The results show that the synthesis products have IC50 in compound 1, 2, 3, and 4 consecutively 62,54, 58,17, 44,40, 54,63 ppm. "

"Senyawa turunan tiazol merupakan senyawa heterosiklik yang memiliki beberapa aktivitas biologis seperti antioksidan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan (+)- camphor sebagai prekursor dalam mensintesis senyawa turunan tiazol. Senyawa turunan tiazol disintesis dengan mereaksikan senyawa tiazol berbasis kamfor yang terbentuk dengan senyawa aldehid aromatik yaitu 2-hidroksi benzaldehid dan sinamaldehida. Senyawa hasil sintesis dimurnikan, diidentifikasi menggunakan KLT, dan diuji titik lelehnya, serta dikarakterisasi menggunakan Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, dan LC-MS. Setelah itu, senyawa hasil sintesis diuji aktivitas antioksidannya dengan menggunakan metode DPPH. Pada penelitian ini, diperoleh hasil sintesis senyawa camphor thiosemicarbazone sebesar 81,54%, senyawa camphor tiazolidin-4-on sebesar 32,538%, dan senyawa turunan camphor tiazolidin-4-on 1 dengan persen yield campuran sebesar 98,7%. Potensi aktivitas antioksidan ditinjau dengan menggunakan metode DPPH dan diperoleh nilai IC50 senyawa camphor thiosemicarbazone sebesar 103,08 ppm, senyawa camphor tiazolidin-4-on sebesar 26978,16 ppm, dan senyawa turunan camphor tiazolidin-4-on sebesar 3909,14 ppm.

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Thiazole derivatives compounds are heterocyclic compounds that have several biological activities such as antioxidants. In this study, (+)-camphor was used as a precursor in the synthesis of thiazole derivatives. Thiazole derivative compounds were synthesized by reacting the thiazole based camphor compound with aromatic aldehyde compounds, namely 2-hydroxy benzaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde. The synthesized compound purified and identified using TLC, and tested for their melting points, and characterized using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer. After that, the synthesized compounds were tested for their antioxidant activity using DPPH method. In this study, percent yield of the synthesis of camphor thiosemicarbazone compounds were 81,54%, camphor thiazolidine-4-on were 32,538%, and camphor thiazolidine-4-on derivatives were 98,7% as a mixed compounds. The potential antioxidant activity was monitored using DPPH method and the IC50 value of camphor thiosemicarbazone was 103,08 ppm, camphor thiazolidine-4-on was 26978,16 ppm, and camphor thiazolidine-4-on derivatives compound was 3909,14 ppm."

"Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) merupakan senyawa heterosiklik turunan indol yang dapat ditemukan di tumbuhan seperti Isatis tinctoria, Calanthe discolor dan Couroupita guianensi. Isatin dan derivatnya memiliki aktivitas biologis dan farmakologis yang baik. Senyawa derivat isatin berbasis azina telah ditemukan memiliki berbagai bioaktivitas, seperti antibakteri, antijamur, antikanker, antivirus, antiinflamasi, antioksidan, dan sebagai inhibitor korosi. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan sintesis derivat isatin aldazin menggunakan variasi aldehid aromatik benzaldehida, 4-hidroksibenzaldehida, dan sinamaldehida sebagai prekursornya. Sintesis ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan katalis protic ionic liquid 1-metilimidazolium hidrogen sulfat [MIM][HSO4] untuk efisiensi waktu. Berdasarkan hasil optimasi diperoleh jumlah katalis dengan kondisi optimum reaksi sebesar 10% mol. Hasil sintesis senyawa isatin aldazin 1 diperoleh persen yield sebesar 84,83%, senyawa isatin aldazin 2 sebesar 50,82%, dan senyawa isatin aldazin 3 sebesar 88,61%. Keberhasilan sintesis diidentifikasi dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan uji titik leleh, kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT), FTIR, UV-Visible, LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, dan NMR. Potensi aktivitas antioksidan senyawa isatin aldazin ditinjau menggunakan metode DPPH dan diperoleh nilai IC50 senyawa isatin aldazin 1 sebesar 4848,84 ppm, isatin aldazin 2 sebesar 15,54 ppm, dan isatin aldazin 3 sebesar 210,32 ppm.

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Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) is an indole derivative heterocyclic compound that can be found in plants such as Isatis tinctoria, Calanthe discolor, and Couroupita guianensis. Isatin and its derivatives have good biological and pharmacological activities. Azine-based isatin derivative compounds have been found to have various bioactivities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and corrosion inhibitor. In this study, the synthesis of isatin aldazine derivatives has been carried out using a variety of aromatic aldehydes benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and cinnamaldehyde as precursors. This synthesis was carried out using a protic ionic liquid 1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [MIM][HSO4] catalyst for time efficiency. Based on the optimization results, the amount of catalyst with the optimum reaction conditions was 10% mol. The yield obtained from isatin aldazine 1 compound was 84.83%, isatin aldazine 2 compound was 50.82%, and isatin aldazine 3 compound was 88.61%. The formations were identified and characterized using melting point tests, thin layer chromatography (TLC), FTIR, UV-Visible, LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, and NMR. The potential antioxidant activity of the isatin aldazine compounds was evaluated using the DPPH method. The IC50 value of isatin aldazine 1 was 4848.84 ppm, isatin aldazine 2 was 15.54 ppm, and isatin aldazine 3 was 210.32 ppm."

"Jahe (Zingiber officinale) adalah tanaman obat yang terbukti memiliki banyak khasiat untuk kesehatan manusia. Dehidrozingeron (DZ) adalah salah satu senyawa minor di dalam ekstrak jahe yang diketahui memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang baik. Isolasi DZ dari jahe diketahui tidak efisien sehingga penting untuk mengetahui metode sintesisnya yang efektif. Reaksi aldol silang antara vanillin dan aseton telah banyak digunakan, dan atas dasar itu maka seharusnya analog DZ pun dapat disintesis dari derivat benzaldehid yang sesuai. Dehidrozingeron (DZ-1), analog DZ-2 dan DZ-3 secara berurutan disintesis dari vanillin, 4-hidroksi benzaldehid dan benzaldehid. Produk dikarakterisasi dengan UV-Vis, FT-IR dan MS. Untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan produk dilakukan uji dengan DPPH. Diketahui bahwa semua produk memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang menurun dari DZ-1, DZ-2, dan DZ-3.

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Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a well known and proven medicinal plant that has been used by humans since ancient times. Dehydrozingerone (DZ) is one of the minor components in the ginger extract that is known to having good antioxidant properties. However its isolation from ginger is deemed inefficient, so it’s necessary to find a facile way to synthesize it. Crossed aldol reaction between vanillin and acetone is known to yield DZ, and then it should be possible to synthesize its analogs through the similar pathway. Dehydrozingerone (DZ-1), analog DZ-2 and DZ-3 were synthesized from vanillin, 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde and benzaldehyde respectively. Products then were characterized by UV-Vis, FT-IR and MS. DPPH test was conducted to examine the products’ antioxidant activity. It was observed that all products exhibited antioxidant activity with DZ-1 being the strongest, followed by DZ-2 and DZ-3 respectively."

"Senyawa derivat tiazol berbasis isatin ini telah banyak diteliti memiliki berbagai bioaktivitas, seperti antioksidan, antimikroba, antikanker, antivirus, dan antituberkulosis. Sintesis derivat senyawa isatin tiazol pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mereaksikan senyawa derivat tiazol, dengan variasi aldehid aromatik berupa sinamaldehida, benzaldehida, dan 4-hidroksi benzaldehida melalui pembentukan intermediet berupa Isatin Thiosemicarbazone. Hasil sintesis senyawa Isatin Tiazolidin-4-on Sinamaldehida menghasilkan nilai persen yield sebesar 46,73%, senyawa Isatin Tiazolidin-4-on 4-Hidroksi Benzaldehida menghasilkan persen yield sebesar 34,58%, dan untuk senyawa Isatin Tiazolidin-4-on Benzaldehida menghasilkan persen yield sebesar 34,27%. Keberhasilan sintesis pembentukkan senyawa derivat isatin tiazol dibuktikan dengan identifikasi kromatografi lapis tipis serta karakterisasi berdasarkan UV-Vis, FTIR, dan LC-MS. Hasil dari pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH pada senyawa yang dihasilkan mendapatkan nilai IC50 untuk senyawa Isatin Tiazolidin-4-on Sinamaldehida sebesar 1686,70 ppm, Isatin Tiazolidin-4-on 4-Hidroksi Benzaldehida sebesar 1580,85 ppm, dan Isatin Tiazolidin-4-on Benzaldehida memperoleh nilai sebesar 1900,48 ppm.

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Isatin-based thiazole derivative compound has been several studied for its various bioactivities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, and antituberculosis. Synthesis of isatin thiazole derivatives in this study, thiazole will be reacted with a variety of aromatic aldehydes such as cinnamaldehyde, benzaldehyde, and 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde through the formation of an intermediate in the form of Isatin Thiosemicarbazone. The %yield obtained from Isatin Thiazolidine-4-one Cinnamaldehyde compounds was 46.73%, Isatin Thiazolidin-4-on 4-Hydroxy Benzaldehyde compound was 34.58%, and for Isatin Thiazolidine-4-one Benzaldehyde compounds produced 34.27%. The product of thiazole isatin derivatives was proven by identification of thin layer chromatography and characterization based on UV-Vis, FTIR, and LC-MS. The results of testing the antioxidant activity with the DPPH method on the resulting compound obtained IC50 values ​​for Isatin Thiazolidine-4-one Cinnamaldehyde was 1686.70 ppm, Isatin Thiazolidine-4-one 4-Hydroxy Benzaldehyde was 1580.85 ppm, and Isatin Thiazolidine- 4-on Benzaldehyde obtained IC50 value 1900.48 ppm."

"Tiazol dan Oksazol merupakan senyawa heterosiklik beranggota lima yang mengandung sulfur/oksigen dan nitrogen pada posisi 1 dan 3. Derivat kedua Senyawa ini banyak diaplikasikan dalam bidang farmasi dan kesehatan karena memiliki berbagai aktivitas biologis seperti antioksidan, analgesik, antibakteri, antikanker, antiviral, anti alergi, antihipertensi, antiinflamasi, antimalaria, antijamur, dan antipsikotik. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis senyawa derivat tiazol dan oksazol dalam dua tahap. Tahap awal, prekursor berupa tiourea dan urea direaksikan dengan etil 2-kloro asetoasetat untuk menghasilkan senyawa 1 derivat tiazol dan oksazol. Tahap akhir, senyawa 1 derivat tiazol dan oksazol direaksikan dengan hidrazin hidrat untuk menghasilkan senyawa 2 derivat tiazol dan oksazol. Reaksi awal kedua senyawa derivat tiazol dan oksazol ini didasarkan pada kondensasi Hantzsch. Senyawa derivat tiazol dan oksazol yang terbentuk kemudian dikarakterisasi dengan uji titik leleh, kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT), FTIR, UV-Vis, dan GC-MS. Senyawa 1 derivat tiazol yaitu etil 2-amino-4-metil- 1,3-tiazol-5-karboksilat berhasil disintesis dengan massa produk sebesar 2,978 gram dan kemurnian sebesar 100%. Senyawa 1 derivat oksazol yaitu etil 2-amino- 4-metil-1,3-oksazol-5-karboksilat dengan massa produk campuran sebesar 0,8351 gram dan kemurnian sebesar 4,69%. Senyawa 2 derivat tiazol dan oksazol belum berhasil terbentuk dan masih merupakan senyawa 1 derivat tiazol dan oksazol. Aktivitas antioksidan senyawa derivat tiazol dan oksazol diuji dengan metode DPPH dan didapatkan nilai IC50 sebesar 64,75; 80,73; 275,3; 280,39 ppm.

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Thiazole and oxazole are five-membered heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur/ oxygen and nitrogen in positions 1 and 3. The derivatives of these two compounds are widely applied in the pharmaceutical and medical fields because they have various biological activities such as antioxidants, analgesics, antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, anti-allergic, antihypertensive, anti- inflammatory, antimalarial, antifungal, and antipsychotic. In this study, the syntheses of thiazole and oxazole derivatives are carried out in two stages. Initially, the precursors in the form of thiourea and urea are reacted with ethyl 2-chloro acetoacetate to produce compound 1 of thiazole and oxazole derivatives. Subsequently, compound 1 of thiazole and oxazole derivates are reacted with hydrazine hydrate to produce compound 2 of thiazole and oxazole derivatives. The initial reactions of these two thiazole and oxazole derivatives are based on the Hantzsch condensation. The formations of thiazole and oxazole derivatives are then characterized using melting point, thin layer chromatography (TLC), FT-IR, UV-Vis, and GC-MS. Compound 1 of thiazole derivative, ethyl 2-amino-4- methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-carboxylate, was successfully synthesized with mass of 2.978 gram and purity of 100%. Compound 1 of oxazole derivative, ethyl 2-amino- 4-methyl-1,3-oxazol-5-carboxylate, was obtained with mixed mass of 0.8351 gram and purity of 4.69%. Compound 2 of thiazole and oxazole derivatives have not been successfully formed and are still compound 1 of thiazole and oxazole derivatives. The antioxidant activity of thiazole and oxazole derivatives was then tested using DPPH method and their IC50 values are 64.75; 80.73; 275.3; 280.39 ppm."