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"Latar belakang: Kegawatdaruratan gigi dan mulut merupakan kondisi pada gigi dan mulut yang dapat mengancam nyawa dan membutuhkan perawatan segera, meliputi perdarahan yang tidak terkontrol, nyeri akibat infeksi, selulitis atau abses yang disertai pembengkakan intraoral dan ekstraoral yang dapat membahayakan jalan napas, serta trauma dental. Anak dalam rentang usia 3-6 tahun cenderung aktif dan banyak bergerak sehingga rentan mengalami trauma. Adanya pandemi COVID-19 yang dapat ditransmisikan melalui droplet dan aerosol menyebabkan adanya risiko penularan COVID-19 di lingkungan praktik dokter gigi, sehingga perawatan yang dapat dilakukan terbatas hanya untuk kegawatdaruratan gigi dan mulut. Pengetahuan mengenai kondisi kegawatdaruratan gigi dan mulut anak diperlukan oleh orang tua agar dapat menentukan tindakan yang tepat untuk mengatasi kondisi tersebut, karena sebagai caregiver anak, orang tua sering kali menjadi yang pertama kali merespon terhadap kondisi kegawatdaruratan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi kepada orang tua mengenai kegawatdaruratan gigi dan mulut anak. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan orang tua mengenai kegawatdaruratan gigi dan mulut anak pada masa pandemi COVID-19 sebelum dan setelah diberikan komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi (KIE) menggunakan media audiovisual secara daring. Metode Penelitian: Dilakukan penelitian secara daring dengan desain studi eksperimental. Sebanyak 53 orang tua dari anak berusia 3-6 tahun yang bersekolah di TK dan RA pada kecamatan Setiabudi, Jakarta Selatan yang dipilih secara acak diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner sebelum dan setelah diberikan KIE menggunakan media audiovisual berupa video animasi melalui aplikasi video conference dengan durasi 2 menit. Hasil: Analisis data menggunakan uji komparatif non-parametrik Wilcoxon menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan signifikan secara statistik (p < 0,05) pada tingkat pengetahuan orang tua setelah diberikan KIE menggunakan media audiovisual secara daring. Kesimpulan: Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan orang tua mengenai kegawatdaruratan gigi dan mulut anak pada masa pandemi COVID-19 setelah diberikan KIE menggunakan media audiovisual secara daring.

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Background: Dental emergencies are potentially life-threatening oral conditions that demand immediate treatment, including uncontrolled bleeding, severe pain, cellulitis or any bacterial infection in soft tissue causing intraoral or extraoral swelling, and dental trauma. Dental trauma is more frequent among children because they tend to be more active, which makes them more vulnerable to dental injuries. COVID-19 pandemic, which is primarily transmitted through droplets and aerosols, causes dental practice to provide emergency-only dental services. The knowledge of dental emergencies are needed by parents in order to determine the appropriate action to treat these conditions, because as caregivers, parents are often the first to respond to children’s dental emergency conditions. Therefore, dental health education to parents regarding dental emergencies in children are needed.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the difference of parental knowledge before and after education using online audio-visual media regarding dental emergency in children during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: The design of this study is an experimental study. A total of 53 parents of children aged 3 to 6 years old from randomly selected kindergartens at Setiabudi, South Jakarta were asked to fill out the questionnaire before and after online education using audio-visual media of a 2-minute duration via a video conference platform.

Results: Data analysis using the Wilcoxon comparative test showed that there was a statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) in knowledge of parents after watching the audio-visual media.

Conclusion: Online education using audio-visual media can improve the knowledge of parents on dental emergency in children during COVID-19 pandemic."

"Latar Belakang: Berdasarkan data dari Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) 2018, angka gigi berlubang pada anak di Indonesia mencapai 92,6%. Masalah rongga mulut yang sering terjadi pada anak adalah karies dini/Early Childhood Caries (ECC) yang terjadi pada anak usia 3-6 tahun. ECC yang tidak dirawat akan menyebabkan rasa sakit, abses, pembengkakan, gangguan mastikasi, dan meningkatkan risiko terjadinya karies pada gigi tetap anak. Akibat dari pandemi COVID-19 yang penularannya dapat terjadi melalui aerosol dan droplet menyebabkan adanya limitasi kunjungan ke dokter gigi. Sebagai tindakan pencegahan karies, maka perlu diberikan komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi (KIE) mengenai pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak (PKGMA) kepada orang tua. Pengetahuan orang tua berdampak pada kesehatan gigi dan mulut anaknya. Untuk mengurangi penyebaran infeksi maka dilakukan pembatasan sosial, berdasarkan hal tersebut, orang tua perlu diberikan KIE menggunakan media visual secara daring melalui platform video conference mengenai PKGMA. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan orang tua mengenai pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak, sebelum dan setelah dilakukan KIE menggunakan media visual secara daring. Metode: Dilakukan penelitian eksperimental secara daring sebanyak 45 orang tua murid dengan anak usia 3-6 tahun yang terdaftar di TK dan RA dipilih secara acak di Kecamatan Setia Budi, Jakarta Selatan yang bersedia mengisi kuesioner sebelum dan setelah pemberian KIE dengan menggunakan media visual secara daring mengenai PKGMA. Hasil: Berdasarkan uji non-parametrik Wilcoxon, menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik pada skor total pengetahuan orang tua mengenai pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak setelah diberikan KIE dengan media visual secara daring. Kesimpulan: Media visual secara daring dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan orang tua mengenai pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak pada masa pandemi COVID-19.

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Background: According to Indonesia Baseline Health Research (RISKESDAS) 2018, the prevalence of caries experiences in children is 92,6%. Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a major oral health problem found in the 3 -6 years old age group. Untreated decayed teeth can lead to pain, abscess, swelling, difficulties in eating, and increase the risk of caries development in permanent dentition. However, due to COVID-19 pandemic, which can be transmitted through droplets and aerosols, it causes the limitation of dental visits. Parents’ knowledge has an impact on children’s oral health. Therefore, in order to prevent ECC, communication, information, and education intervention regarding children oral health care should be given to the parents via online. Social distancing measures are used to reduce the spreading of infection, based on this condition, parents are being given online communication, information, and education using visual media via video conferences platform regarding children oral health maintenance.

Objectives: To identify the differences of parental knowledge regarding children oral health care before and after online communication, information, and education using visual media.

Methods: The design of this study is an experimental study a total of 45 parents with children of age 3-6 years from randomly selected preschool at Setia Budi, South Jakarta were asked to fill out the questionnaire before and after online communication, information, and education using visual media via video conferences platform.

Results: Based on non-parametric Wilcoxon test, there is a significant differences of parental knowledge on children oral health care after online communication, information, and education using visual media.

Conclusion: Online visual media could improve the parental knowledge on children oral health care during COVID-19 pandemic."

"Latar Belakang: Karies gigi sulung atau Early Childhood Caries (ECC) merupakan masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang paling banyak diderita anak-anak di dunia. Di Indonesia, karies diderita oleh 45,5% anak kelompok usia 3-4 tahun dan 90,2% oleh anak kelompok usia 5-9 tahun. Jika dibiarkan tidak dirawat, karies gigi sulung dapat menyebabkan sakit, bengkak, abses, gangguan mengunyah, dan meningkatkan risiko karies pada gigi tetap. Kondisi tersebut memerlukan perawatan di dokter gigi. Adanya pandemi COVID-19 yang ditransmisikan melalui aerosol dan droplet, membuat perawatan di dokter gigi jadi terbatas. Kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak tidak lepas dari peran orang tua sebagai pengasuh. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi (KIE) bagi orang tua untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan terkait pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak di rumah sebagai upaya pencegahan karies gigi sulung. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan orang tua mengenai pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak, sebelum dan setelah pemberian KIE dengan media audiovisual secara daring. Metode: Dilakukan penelitian secara daring dengan desain studi eksperimental. Sebanyak 44 orang tua dengan anak usia 3-6 tahun yang terdaftar di TK di Kecamatan Setia Budi, Jakarta Selatan dipilih secara acak untuk mengisi kuesioner sebelum dan setelah diberikan KIE dengan media audiovisual secara daring melalui aplikasi video conference selama 3 menit. Hasil: analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada pengetahuan orang tua mengenai pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak setelah diberikan KIE dengan media audiovisual secara daring. Kesimpulan: Media audiovisual secara daring dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan orang tua mengenai pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak pada masa pandemi COVID-19.

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Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) represents as most common oral health

disease of children worldwide. In Indonesia, caries found in percentage of 45,5% of

children between 3 and 4 years of age, and 90, 2% of children between 5 to 9 years of

age. Dental caries can lead to pain, swelling, dental abscess, masticatory dysfunction, and

increase risk for caries development in permanent dentition if left untreated. Those

condition are necessary for dental treatment at dental practices. The emergence of

COVID-19 pandemic results in limitation of dental services. Parents as caregiver plays a

fundamental role in maintaining their children oral health care. Therefore, it is important

to provide an adequate communication, information, and education for the parents to raise

their knowledge on children oral health care at home as ECC prevention strategy.

Objectives: To assess the difference of parental knowledge on children oral health care,

before and after online communication, information, and education using audio visual

media. Methods: This experimental study comprised of 44 parents with children of age

3 to 6 years old kindergartens at Setia Budi, South Jakarta who were selected randomly

to fill out the questionnaire before and after online communication, information, and

education using audio visual media via video conference platform for 3 minutes. Results:

Data analysis showed significant differences of parental knowledge on children oral

health care after online communication, information, and education using audio visual

media. Conclusion: Online audio visual media could improve the parental knowledge

on children oral health care during COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) represents as most common oral health disease of children worldwide. In Indonesia, caries found in percentage of 45,5% of children between 3 and 4 years of age, and 90, 2% of children between 5 to 9 years of age. Dental caries can lead to pain, swelling, dental abscess, masticatory dysfunction, and increase risk for caries development in permanent dentition if left untreated. Those condition are necessary for dental treatment at dental practices. The emergence of COVID-19 pandemic results in limitation of dental services. Parents as caregiver plays a fundamental role in maintaining their children oral health care. Therefore, it is important to provide an adequate communication, information, and education for the parents to raise their knowledge on children oral health care at home as ECC prevention strategy. Objectives: To assess the difference of parental knowledge on children oral health care, before and after online communication, information, and education using audio visual media. Methods: This experimental study comprised of 44 parents with children of age 3 to 6 years old kindergartens at Setia Budi, South Jakarta who were selected randomly to fill out the questionnaire before and after online communication, information, and education using audio visual media via video conference platform for 3 minutes. Results: Data analysis showed significant differences of parental knowledge on children oral health care after online communication, information, and education using audio visual media. Conclusion: Online audio visual media could improve the parental knowledge on children oral health care during COVID-19 pandemic."

"Latar Belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan masyarakat khawatir melakukan perawatan gigi dan mulut di praktik dokter gigi akibat khawatir terpapar virus SARS-CoV-2 sehingga dapat menjadikan swamedikasi sebagai pilihan perawatan. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik swamedikasi orang tua serta perbedaan praktik swamedikasi dengan berbagai karakteristik orang tua. Metode: Studi potong lintang kepada 421 orang tua dengan anak usia 0-12 tahun di DKI Jakarta pada Agustus hingga Oktober 2021 menggunakan kuesioner daring berisi 21 pertanyaan. Digunakan uji Chi-Square dan dilanjutkan uji regresi logistik. Hasil: Mayoritas orang tua (73,9%) melakukan swamedikasi saat pandemi dengan obat yang utama digunakan adalah analgesik dan antibiotik, serta mayoritas mengetahui mengenai efek samping obat terhadap sistem pencernaan. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna praktik swamedikasi berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan orang tua, tingkat ekonomi orang tua, kekhawatiran orang tua ke dokter gigi saat pandemi, dan kemauan (willingness) orang tua membawa anak ke dokter gigi saat pandemi. Tingkat pendidikan orang tua dan kemauan orang tua membawa anak ke dokter gigi saat pandemi merupakan prediktor swamedikasi. Kesimpulan: Swamedikasi orang tua terhadap masalah gigi dan mulut pada penelitian memiliki prevalensi tinggi namun masih terdapat cara serta pengetahuan yang kurang tepat. Sehingga diperlukannya edukasi kepada orang tua untuk mengurangi risiko swamedikasi, terutama dalam penggunaan antibiotik.

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused people to worry about getting dental care at a dentist's practice due to concerns about the SARS-CoV-2 virus, making self-medication a treatment option.

Objective: To describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of parents' self-medication towards children's dental problems and to find out the significant differences in the practice of self-medication with various characteristics of parents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 421 parents with children aged 0-12 years in DKI Jakarta from August to October 2021 using an online questionnaire containing 21 questions. Chi-Square test was used and continued with logistic regression.

Results: Most parents (73.9%) self-medicated during the pandemic, with the primary drugs used being analgesics and antibiotics. The majority of parents knew about the side effects of drugs on the digestive system. There are significant differences in the practice of self-medication based on parents' education level, parents' economic level, parents' worries about going to the dentist during the pandemic, and the willingness of parents to take their children to the dentist during the pandemic. The level of parental education and the willingness of parents to take their children to the dentist during a pandemic are predictors of self-medication.

Conclusion: In this study, parents' self-medication towards children's dental problems was highly prevalent, but some parents used inappropriate methods and knowledge. Thus, education is needed to reduce the risk of self-medication, especially in antibiotics."

"Latar belakang: Risiko infeksi COVID-19 di tempat praktik dokter gigi menyebabkan pelayanan kedokteran gigi diprioritaskan untuk kasus kegawatdaruratan gigi, yaitu keadaan mulut yang mengancam nyawa dan membutuhkan perawatan segera untuk menghentikan perdarahan, infeksi, maupun nyeri. Anak kelompok usia 3-6 tahun sering mengalami trauma dental dan nyeri karena gigi berlubang yang termasuk dalam kegawatdaruratan gigi. Orang tua perlu diedukasi untuk mengetahui kasus kegawatdaruratan gigi yang mungkin terjadi pada anak dan penanganannya selama pandemi COVID-19 tanpa kontak langsung untuk mencegah penyebaran infeksi COVID-19, seperti sekolah taman kanak-kanak (TK) yang telah melakukan pembelajaran secara daring. Edukasi menggunakan media visual secara daring berpotensi untuk memperbaiki pengetahuan orang tua mengenai kegawatdaruratan gigi pada anak. Tujuan: menganalisis efektivitas edukasi media visual secara daring tentang kegawatdaruratan gigi anak selama pandemi COVID-19 terhadap pengetahuan orang tua murid (OTM) TK. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental dengan cara menilai pengetahuan OTM sebelum dan setelah dilakukan edukasi menggunakan media visual secara daring melalui kuesioner yang diberikan secara daring. Media visual berupa video animasi berdurasi 2 menit dengan narasi tertulis. Hasil: Penelitian diikuti oleh 45 OTM dari TK kecamatan Setiabudi, Jakarta Selatan. Pengetahuan OTM setelah edukasi meningkat secara signifikan dibandingkan sebelum edukasi (Uji Wilcoxon, p < 0,05), tetapi tidak dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan, usia, dan pekerjaan orang tua murid (Uji Mann Whitney dan Kruskal Wallis, p > 0,05). Kesimpulan: Edukasi menggunakan media visual secara daring tentang kegawatdaruratan gigi anak efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan OTM TK.

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Background: Dental threatening or needs immediate treatment to control bleeding, infection, or pain, during COVID-19 pandemic to minimize the transmission risk of COVID-19 infection in dental setting. The children in 3-6-year age group are frequently experienced from dental trauma or pain due to dental caries that needs immediate treatment. Thus, an education in pediatric dental emergency during this pandemic is necessary to reduce the morbidity rate in children, especially for parents. An online education using visual aid, that is currently applied in most schools in Indonesia, can be useful to improve the parent’s knowledge in pediatric dental emergency. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of online visual education about pediatric dental emergency during COVID-19 pandemic to improve the parents’ knowledge, who have children in kindergarten. Method: This study was an experimental study that was comparing parent’s knowledge before and after online visual education using online questionnaires. The visual aid was a 2-minute-animated video with written narration. Results: A total of fourty five parents who have children in kindergarten located in Setiabudi district, South Jakarta. Parent’s knowledge in pediatric dental emergency increased significantly after the visual education (Wilcoxon test, p<0.05), and was not influenced by the differences in parents’ educational level, ages, and occupation (Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis test, p>0,05). Conclusion: Online visual education is effective to improve the parents’ knowledge in pediatric dental emergency."

"Latar Belakang: Praktik dokter gigi mengalami penyesuaian di masa pandemi COVID-19 untuk mengurangi risiko penularan COVID-19 di tempat praktik dan masyarakat tetap dapat dilayani, terutama pada kasus kegawatdaruratan gigi dan mulut anak. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan edukasi kepada orang tua menggunakan media pembelajaran audiovisual dengan memanfaatkan sistem daring yang diterapkan di taman kanak-kanak (TK) untuk kegiatan pembelajaran. Tujuan: Menganalisis efektivitas edukasi audiovisual secara daring terhadap pengetahuan orang tua murid (OTM) tentang praktik dokter gigi selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Metode: Populasi penelitian merupakan OTM dari TK yang berlokasi di salah satu kecamatan di DKI Jakarta yang dipilih secara acak dan OTM yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi diikutsertakan dalam penelitian. Pengetahuan OTM mengenai praktik dokter gigi selama pandemi COVID-19 dinilai menggunakan kuesioner yang diberikan sebelum dan setelah edukasi audiovisual secara daring. Kuesioner terdiri dari tujuh pertanyaan yang diberikan secara daring. Hasil: Terdapat 52 OTM yang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian. Pengetahuan OTM tentang praktik dokter gigi selama pandemi COVID-19 setelah edukasi audiovisual meningkat secara signifikan dibandingkan sebelumnya (uji Wilcoxon, p<0,05) dan tidak dipengaruhi oleh latar belakang sosiodemografi OTM (uji Kruskal Wallis, p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Edukasi audiovisual secara daring efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan OTM tentang praktik dokter gigi selama masa pandemi COVID-19.

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Background: Dental practice has adjusted during the COVID-19 pandemic to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission in dental practice and to keep serving the patients, especially for dental emergency cases in children. Therefore, it is necessary to educate parents using online-based audiovisual method following the online education implementation in kindergartens.

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of online-based audiovisual education on parents’ knowledge about dental practice during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: The study population is parents of kindergartens’ student located in one of the districts in DKI Jakarta which are randomly selected and those who meet the criteria of inclusion are included in the study. Parents’ knowledge about dental practice during the COVID-19 pandemic is assessed using questionnaire given before and after online-based audiovisual education. The questionnaire consists of seven questions which are given online.

Result: There are 52 parents who participated in the research. The parents’ knowledge about dental practice during the COVID-19 pandemic after audiovisual education increased significantly compared with pre-education (Wilcoxon test, p<0.05) and not influenced by parents’ sociodemographic status (Kruskal Wallis test, p>0.05).

Conclusion: Online-based audiovisual education is effective to increase parents’ knowledge about dental practice during the COVID-19 pandemic."

"Latar Belakang: COVID-19 dikenal sebagai penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 menjadi pandemi global dan telah menyebar ke Indonesia pada tanggal 2 Maret 2020. Pada tanggal 12 November 2020 terdapat 6.842 kasus positif COVID-19 pada anak usia kurang dari 5 tahun. Penularan COVID-19 ini terjadi akibat dari transmisi droplet dan transmisi udara. Penularan COVID-19 juga dapat terjadi di lingkungan praktik dokter gigi saat prosedur menggunakan instrumen seperti air-water syringe, ultrasonic scaler, dan high-speed handpiece yang menghasilkan cairan dan aerosol, sehingga diperlukan upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan orang tua tentang infeksi COVID-19 yang dapat terjadi di lingkungan praktik dokter gigi. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan orang tua sebelum dan sesudah pemberian video visual KIE mengenai infeksi COVID-19 di lingkungan praktik dokter gigi serta mengetahui pengaruh pemberian video visual KIE terhadap pengetahuan orang tua mengenai infeksi COVID-19 di lingkungan praktik dokter gigi. Metode: Studi eksperimental dengan metode pengambilan menggunakan simple random sampling. Responden penelitian berjumlah 45 orang tua dengan anak usia 3-6 tahun. Pertama orang tua diberikan kuesioner sebelum intervensi (pre-test). Kemudian orang tua diberikan intervensi berupa video visual mengenai infeksi COVID-19 di lingkungan praktik dokter gigi. Setelah itu orang tua kembali diberikan kuesioner setelah intervensi (post-test). Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara signifikan antara total skor sebelum dan setelah diberikan intervensi berupa video visual KIE dan video tersebut memiliki efektivitas yang relatif besar dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan orang tua. Kesimpulan: Video visual KIE mengenai infeksi COVID-19 di lingkungan praktik dokter gigi memiliki pengaruh yang besar dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan orang tua.

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Background: COVID-19 is known as an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 has become a global pandemic and spread to Indonesia on March 2, 2020. On November 12, 2020, there were 6,842 positive cases of COVID-19 on children aged less than 5 years. The transmission of COVID-19 occurs as a result of droplet transmission and air transmission. Transmission of COVID-19 can also occur in the dental practice during procedures using instruments such as an air-water syringe, ultrasonic scaler, and high-speed handpieces that produce fluids and aerosols, therefor we need to improve parents’ knowledge about COVID-19 infections in a dental practice. Purpose: To find out the differences and effect on parents’ knowledge before and after watching communication, information, and education visual video regarding COVID-19 infection in a dental practice. Method: Experimental study used simple random sampling method. In total there were 45 parents with children aged 3-6 years. The parents were given a questionnaire before and after watching communication, information, and education visual videos regarding COVID-19 infection in a dental practice. Result: There was a significant difference between the total score before and after watching communication, information, and education visual video, and the video has a good effect on parents’ knowledge on COVID-19 in a dental practice. Conclusion: Communication, information, and education visual videos could improve parent’s knowledge about COVID-19 infection in the dental practice."

"Latar Belakang : Trauma di rongga mulut memiliki prevalensi yang tinggi, terutama pada anak-anak. Avulsi gigi merupakan kasus trauma di rongga mulut yang paling berat dan sering terjadi di sekolah. Sekitar 64,5% kasus avulsi gigi tidak mendapatkan penanganan yang tepat karena kurangnya pengetahuan guru sekolah terhadap pertolongan pertama avulsi gigi. Oleh karena itu, guru sekolah membutuhkan edukasi untuk meningkatkan prognosis perawatan pada anak. Salah satu media edukasi yang dapat digunakan yaitu poster. Penelitian mengenai pengaruh poster edukasi terhadap perubahan tingkat pengetahuan guru sekolah dasar mengenai pertolongan pertama mandiri avulsi gigi belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya di Indonesia. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan guru sekolah dasar sebelum dan sesudah membaca poster edukasi “Pertolongan Pertama Mandiri Gigi Avulsi pada Anak” Metode Penelittian : Penelitian ini dilakukan di 13 sekolah dasar negeri di Jakarta Pusat, dengan total 54 guru yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Setelah mengisi informed consent, pengetahuan awal diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner kemudian guru membaca poster edukasi mengenai pertolongan pertama avulsi gigi. Setelah membaca poster, guru mengisi kembali kuesioner yang berisi pertanyaan yang sama. Perbedaan total skor pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah membaca poster edukasi diuji secara statistik. Hasil : Nilai median total skor sebelum membaca poster adalah 5 sedangkan nilai median setelah membaca poster adalah 10. Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan nilai p=0.000 yang menandakan terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan guru sekolah dasar sebelum dan sesudah membaca poster edukasi Kesimpulan : Terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan guru sekolah dasar sebelum dan sesudah membaca poster edukasi “Pertolongan Pertama Mandiri Gigi Avulsi pada Anak” yang menandakan poster edukasi merupakan media edukasi yang efektif. 

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Background : Oral trauma has a high prevalence, especially in children. Dental avulsion is the most severe type of oral trauma and school is the common place where dental avulsion occurs. Arround 64.5% of dental avulsion cases did not get proper treatment due to inadequate teachers’ knowledge about first aid management of dental avulsion; therefore, teachers need education to improve the prognosis of treatment. One of the educational media that can be used is poster. Research on educational poster’s effect on the knowledge of elementary school teachers regarding first aid management of dental avulsion has never been done in Indonesia. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyse the difference of level on the knowledge of Elementary School Teachers Before and After Reading Educational Posters “First Aid Management Of Dental Avulsion on Children” Methods : This study was conducted in 13 public primary schools in central Jakarta, with a total of 54 teachers who met the inclusion criteria. After filling out the informed consent, initial knowledge was measured using a questionnaire, then the teacher read an educational poster about the first aid management of dental avulsion. After reading the poster, the teachers answered the questionnaire, which included the same questions as the first questionnaire. The difference between total knowledge scores before and after reading the educational poster was statistically counted. .Results : The median of total score before reading the poster was 5 while the median of total score after reading the educational poster was 10. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference (p=0.000) between the level of knowledge of elementary school teachers before and after reading the educational poster. Conclusion : There is a difference in the level of knowledge of elementary school teachers before and after reading the educational poster "Independent First Aid for Children's Avulsion Teeth" which indicates that the educational poster is an effective educational tool. "

"Latar Belakang: Virus dengan gejala pneumonia berat teridentifikasi di Wuhan, Cina sebagai virus COVID-19. Sulitnya pemutusan rantai infeksi COVID-19 mengancam seluruh dunia dan dinyatakan sebagai pandemi pada 11 Maret 2020. Akhirnya, berbagai layanan esensial negara seperti pengobatan gigi dan mulut terpaksa dibatasi aktivitasnya sebagai upaya pengendalian infeksi. Namun, rasa sakit yang tidak dapat tertahankan seperti kegawatdaruratan endodontik tidak bisa dihindari dan membutuhkan pertolongan segera. Selama pandemi, RSKGM FKG UI sebagai pusat rujukan pelayanan kedokteran gigi tetap beroperasi dengan memperketat rangkaian pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi. Maka, identifikasi dan evaluasi kasus kegawatdaruratan endodontik sebelum dengan selama pandemi di RSKGM FKG UI dilakukan.Tujuan: Mengetahui distribusi dan frekuensi kegawatdaruratan endodontik di Rumah Sakit Khusus Gigi dan Mulut Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19. Metode: Penelitian merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dan analitik komparatif kategorik menggunakan data sekunder rekam medik.Hasil: Terdapat 315 kasus kegawatdaruratan endodontik dengan 111 kasus ditemukan sebelum pandemi dan 204 kasus ditemukan selama pandemi. Terdapat dominasi pada kelompok usia produktif, jenis kelampin perempuan, dan tindakan PSA sebelum dan selama pandemi yang diiringi dengan perbedaan dominasi diagnosis kasus, yaitu acute apical abscess sebelum pandemi dan symptomatic irreversible pulpitis selama pandemi. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara diagnosis acute apical abscess dengan symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (p-value <0,05) dan perbedaan tidak bermakna antara tindakan perawatan kegawatdaruratan endodontik sebelum dengan selama pandemi.Kesimpulan: Terjadi peningkatan kasus kegawatdaruratan endodontik selama pandemi COVID-19 yang diiringi dengan penurunan arus kunjungan departemen konservasi.

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Background: Virus with symptoms of severe pneumonia was identified in Wuhan, China as COVID-19 virus. The difficulties in controlling the COVID-19 transmission have led to a pandemic which was declared on March 11, 2020. Various essential sectors of the country been restricted at last to control virus transmission. However, intolerable pain such as endodontic emergency is unavoidable and requires immediate help. During the pandemic, RSKGM FKG UI continues to operate as referral centre for dental services by tightening the health protocol. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and evaluate endodontic emergency cases before and during pandemic era at RSKGM FKG UI.

Objective: This study aims to determine the distribution and frequency of endodontic emergency cases in RSKGM FKG UI before and during pandemic era of COVID-19.

Methods: Retrospective descriptive and comparative analytical study is done using secondary data found in patient’s medical record.

Results: There were 315 cases of endodontic emergency with 111 cases found before the pandemic and 204 cases found during the pandemic. Case was dominated by productive age, female, and root canal treatment group before and during pandemic followed by acute apical abscess domination before pandemic and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis domination during pandemic. There was significant difference between acute apical abscess group and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis group (p-value <0,05) accompanied by no significant difference between treatment group before and during pandemic.

Conclusion: Collected data showed an increased cases of endodontic emergencies accompanied by decreased flow of regular visitors at conservative department."

"Studi ini memberikan pemahaman komprehensif tentang periklanan online UKM adopsi sebelum dan selama Pandemi Covid-19. Di antara sampel homogen bertujuan UKM di Belanda, kami menemukan bahwa sebelum pandemi, UKM masih perlu ditingkatkan tentang pengetahuan tentang manfaat potensial dari periklanan online. Manfaat, bagaimanapun, miliki menjadi lebih jelas bagi UKM di tengah pandemi. Kami menunjukkan UKM dengan manajer yang tinggi kesadaran dan periklanan online yang intens dalam lanskap kompetitif dan konsumen mereka perilaku lebih cenderung mengadopsi periklanan online; namun, UKM dengan teknologi rendah, manusia, dan sumber daya keuangan cenderung tidak melakukannya. Kami juga menemukan situs web perusahaan, social media, dan iklan video online sebagai alat periklanan online paling efektif untuk UKM. Untuk Sepengetahuan penulis terbaik, makalah ini adalah yang pertama memberikan kontribusi untuk menangkap efek Covid-19 Pandemi pada iklan online UKM di Belanda.

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This study provides a comprehensive understanding of SMEs’ online advertising adoption before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Among a purposive homogenous sample of SMEs in the Netherlands, we find that previous to the pandemic, SMEs still need to improve on the knowledge of the potential benefits of online advertising. The benefits, however, have become more apparent for SMEs amid the pandemic. We show that SMEs with high manager awareness and intense online advertising within their competitive landscape and consumer behavior are more likely to adopt online advertising; yet, SMEs with low technological, human, and financial resources are less likely to do so. We also find that company websites, social media, and online video advertising as the most effective online advertising tools for SMEs. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first contributing to capture the effects of Covid-19 Pandemic on SMEs’ online advertising in the Netherlands in the NetherlandsThis study provides a comprehensive understanding of SMEs’ online advertising adoption before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Among a purposive homogenous sample of SMEs in the Netherlands, we find that previous to the pandemic, SMEs still need to improve on the knowledge of the potential benefits of online advertising. The benefits, however, have become more apparent for SMEs amid the pandemic. We show that SMEs with high manager awareness and intense online advertising within their competitive landscape and consumer behavior are more likely to adopt online advertising; yet, SMEs with low technological, human, and financial resources are less likely to do so. We also find that company websites, social media, and online video advertising as the most effective online advertising tools for SMEs. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first contributing to capture the effects of Covid-19 Pandemic on SMEs’ online advertising in the Netherlands.This study provides a comprehensive understanding of SMEs’ online advertising adoption before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Among a purposive homogenous sample of SMEs in the Netherlands, we find that previous to the pandemic, SMEs still need to improve on the knowledge of the potential benefits of online advertising. The benefits, however, have become more apparent for SMEs amid the pandemic. We show that SMEs with high manager awareness and intense online advertising within their competitive landscape and consumer behavior are more likely to adopt online advertising; yet, SMEs with low technological, human, and financial resources are less likely to do so. We also find that company websites, social media, and online video advertising as the most effective online advertising tools for SMEs. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first contributing to capture the effects of Covid-19 Pandemic on SMEs’ online advertising in the Netherlands.

This study provides a comprehensive understanding of SMEs’ online advertising adoption before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Among a purposive homogenous sample of SMEs in the Netherlands, we find that previous to the pandemic, SMEs still need to improve on the knowledge of the potential benefits of online advertising. The benefits, however, have become more apparent for SMEs amid the pandemic. We show that SMEs with high manager awareness and intense online advertising within their competitive landscape and consumer behavior are more likely to adopt online advertising; yet, SMEs with low technological, human, and financial resources are less likely to do so. We also find that company websites, social media, and online video advertising as the most effective online advertising tools for SMEs. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first contributing to capture the effects of Covid-19 Pandemic on SMEs’ online advertising in the Netherlands."