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"Technological developments move at lightening pace and can bring with them new possibilities for social harm. This book brings together original empirical and theoretical work examining how digital technologies both create and sustain various forms of gendered violence and provide platforms for resistance and criminal justice intervention. This edited collection is organised around two key themes of facilitation and resistance, with an emphasis through the whole collection on the development of a gendered interrogation of contemporary practices of technologically-enabled or enhanced practices of violence. Addressing a broad range of criminological issues such as intimate partner violence, rape and sexual assault, online sexual harassment, gendered political violence, online culture, cyberbullying, and human trafficking, and including a critical examination of the broader issue of feminist 'digilantism' and resistance to online sexual harassment, this book examines the ways in which new and emerging technologies facilitate new platforms for gendered violence as well as offering both formal and informal opportunities to prevent and/or respond to gendered violence."

"This handbook provides a comprehensive treatise of the concepts and nature of technology-facilitated gendered violence and abuse, as well as legal, community and activist responses to these harms. It offers an inclusive and intersectional treatment of gendered violence including that experienced by gender, sexuality and racially diverse victim-survivors. It examines the types of gendered violence facilitated by technologies but also responses to these harms from the perspectives of victim advocates, legal analyses, organisational and community responses, as well as activism within civil society. It is unique in its recognition of the intersecting drivers of inequality and marginalisation including misogyny, racism, colonialism and homophobia. It draws together the expertise of a range of established and globally renowned scholars in the field, as well as survivor-advocate-scholars and emerging scholars, lending a combination of credibility, rigor, currency, and innovation throughout. This handbook further provides recommendations for policy and practice and will appeal to academics and students in Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law, Socio-Legal Studies, Politics, as well as Women’s and/or Gender Studies."

"Introduction : domestic violence in Asia and globalization from belowCoercive control : patterns of intimate partner violence in the MaldivesThe protective factors : lessons for violence preventionA good wife obeys her husband : the changing nature of the familyFor the love of women : increasing gender inequalityA social crisis in the MaldivesConclusion : creating peace cultures : the way forward."

"This book presents new research on gender-based violence in Southeast Asia, bringing together varied scholarly work in law, policy, and practice. It enables a greater understanding of violence against women as an international concern, highlighting particular issues that arise in the region. Against a background of international obligations to ensure women's rights through laws and policies that are geared at ending violence against women and girls, this research documents the state failures, individual shame and fear, and societal culture that collectively affects the reporting, investigation, prosecution of perpetrators, and protection of victims. The research explores differing legal mechanisms both internationally, and within nation states, relating to cases of physical and sexual violence. It recognizes the need for functioning mechanisms to ensure women can report their cases safely and be provided with protective and therapeutic services in a way that is systematic, effective, and measurable. Laws and court decisions are analyzed, crisis and safety centers are examined, and in-depth interviews are conducted with actors and NGOs with relevant roles and functions in the mechanism of cases of violence against women. The result is a comprehensive assessment of the incalculable harm it does within Southeast Asian society, and the obstacles it presents for law enforcement. The chapters uncover mechanisms with unique characteristics across Southeast Asia, providing a nuanced understanding of the cultural and social backgrounds, as well as the religious structures, that can both help and hinder suitable frameworks. It is relevant to scholars, policymakers, and practitioners in law, criminology, and gender sociology.“This is a valuable contribution towards empowering the women of South East Asia out of victimhood to valued equality, involvement in governance and leadership through the elimination of violence and discrimination and an excellent resource not just for those working in this field but for those involved in law making, the media and the people of South East Asia.”- Professor Felicity Gerry QC, Barrister at Crockett Chambers Melbourne and Libertas Chambers, London, and Professor of Legal Practice at Deakin University and Honorary Professor at Salford University."

"Tugas Karya Akhir ini dibuat bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kekerasan pada perempuan pekerja rumah tangga sebagai bentuk kekerasan berbasis gender. Penulis melakukan analisis pada data sekunder berupa dokumentasi kasus kekerasan terhadap pekerja rumah tangga yang berasal dari Komisi Nasional Anti Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan yang kemudian dianalisis berlandaskan pada teori feminis sosialis, konsep kekerasan berbasis gender dan kekerasan struktural. Hasil karya akhir ini menunjukan bahwa adanya kekerasan terhadap perempuan pekerja rumah tangga menjadi bagian dari kekerasan berbasis gender dan merupakan bentuk dari adanya kekerasan struktural yang kemudian membuat perempuan teralienasi di masyarakat dan berada dalam lingkup kemiskinan karena tidak ada pengakuan terkait pekerjaan yang mereka lakukan baik dari masyarakat maupun negara.

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This thesis aims to find out how violence against women domestic workers considered as a form of gender based violence. The author conducted a analysis based on secondary data in the form of documentation of cases in violence against domestic workers from National Comission on Violence Against Women which was then analyzed based on socialist feminist theory, the concept of gender based violence and structural violence.

These outcomes of this study indicate that there is violence against women domestic workers who are part of gender-based violence and are a form of structural violence that makes women segregated in society and live in poverty because there is no acknowledgment related to the work they do either from the public or the state."

"Tugas karya akhir ini membahas pelecehan seksual yang dialami perempuan pekerja dalam ruang kerja online saat work from home pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Dengan menggunakan teori feminis radikal, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana terjadinya kekerasan seksual berbasis jenis kelamin/gender yang difasilitasi teknologi terhadap perempuan pekerja selama WFH, apa yang menjadi latar belakangnya, dan menjelaskan perbedaan kekerasan seksual berbasis sex/gender di ruang fisik dengan ruang cyber. Tugas karya akhir ini menggunakan secondary data analysis untuk menganalisis data dari Never Okay Project dan South East Asia Freedom of Expression Network (2020) dan ditemukan bahwa kekerasan seksual berbasis gender terhadap perempuan pekerja dalam ruang cyber memiliki penyebab dasar yang sama dengan yang terjadi di ruang fisik karena teknologi mereproduksi hubungan hierarki gender. Meski begitu, pelecehan seksual yang dialami perempuan pekerja dalam ruang cyber saat pandemi COVID-19 menghasilkan dampak, kerentanan, dan ketidakberdayaan yang lebih buruk daripada pelecehan seksual yang terjadi di tempat kerja fisik pada umumnya.

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The work of this final paper discusses sexual harassment experienced by women workers in the online workspaces when working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using radical feminist theory, this paper aims to explain how technology-facilitated gender/gender-based sexual violence occurs against women workers during WFH, what is the background, and also explain the difference between sex/gender-based sexual violence in physical space and cyberspace. This final paper uses secondary data analysis to analyze the data from Never Okay Project and South East Asia Freedom of Expression Network (2020) and it is found that gender-based sexual violence against women workers in cyberspace has the same basic causes as those that occur in physical space because technology reproduces hierarchical gender relations. Even so, the sexual harassment experienced by women workers in cyberspaces during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a worse impact, vulnerability and helplessness that sexual harassment that occurred in the physical workplace in general."

"Tulisan ini menganalisis sejauh mana RUU KUHP berorientasi terhadap kepentingan dan perlindungan hak-hak korban, khususnya perempuan korban kekerasan berbasis gender. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis atau normative, yang secara langsung menganalisis pasal-pasal yang ada di RUU KUHP. Kerangka analisis yang digunakan adalah pendekatan hokum berpersentatif feminis yang meletakan hokum sebagai produk politik dan seringkali abai terhadap kepentingan perempuan korban kekerasan yang beragam. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa orientasi utama RUU KUHP adalah kepentingan pelaku dan masyarakat, namun tidak secara eksplisit berorientasi kepada kepentingan korban. Diasumsikan bahwa dengan mengacu kepada kepentingan masyarakat maka telah berorientasi kepada korban. Korban masih dilihat sebagai pihak yang membantu mengungkapkan perkara semata, bukan pihak yang telah mengalami kerugian sehingga perlu mendapat perlindungan dan pemulihan. Tanggung jawab pelaku juga diarahkan untuk memenuhi kepentingan rasa keadilan masyarakat, bukan korban. Selain itu, beberapa pasal pengaturan tentang perbuatan pidana masih mengandung masalah karena RUU KUHP lebih mengoplikasi beberapa UU di luar KUHP namun tidak meevisi pasal-pasal yang berdasarkan pengalaman korban sulit untuk diimplementasikan, sepeti pengaturan PKDRT. Lebih jauh, masih ditemukan pasal-pasal yang memviktimasi korban dengan mengkriminalisasi mereka sesungguhnya adalah korban kekerasan berbasis gender."

"ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas mengenai kekerasan simbolik berbasis jender yang terjadi di dalam forum Kaskus melalui penggunaan kata maho dengan data yang dikumpulkan sepanjang tahun 2012. Menurut Kaskus, maho merupakan singkatan dari manusia homo yang dimaknai secara bias sebagai julukkan untuk laki-laki yang menyimpang dari konsep laki-laki ideal. Mendasari pada konsep kekerasan simbolik yang dianalisis dengan metode analisis wacana kritis Fairclough, penelitian ini ingin mengungkap adanya bentuk-bentuk diskiriminasi jender lewat maho yang dikonstruksi oleh Kaskus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kaskus tidak lagi memandang maho sebagai penyimpangan orientasi seksual tetapi juga dianggap sebagai bentuk penindasan terhadap jender dengan laki-laki sebagai objek.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis examine the gender as symbolic violence that happenes within Kaskus forum in the form of maho word usage within 2012. According to Kaskus, maho is an abbreviation of manusia homo that is used as a derogative word to these man that deviates from the view of „ideal men‟. Using Fairclough‟s critical discourse analysis and simbolic violence concept as a basis, this thesis aims to determination through the word maho that is constructed within Kaskus. Analysis suggest that Kaskus no longer see maho as a form of sexual orientation abnormality but is also considered as a form of gender opperession with man is its object."