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"The aim of this thesis is showing the relation between population transition and economy transformation. The methods used in this thesis are bibliographical review and simple nonparametric correlation among the variables. It begins with demographic transition, that is, mortality, fertility, and mobility transition. These transitions affect another two group of transitions, namely transition of population quantity and transition of population quality. Transition of population quantity consists of transitions in population magnitude, population growth, and population composition. Transition of quality consists of transitions in population education and population health. Then, those transitions—and transition of urban population, simultaneously—affect economy transformation, which includes transformation in demand structure, transformation in production structure, and transformation in labor. The process of economy transformation, reciprocally, correlates to income per capita and income distribution as well. Finally, income per capita and income distribution will affect the demographic transition. The analysis uses available empirical data in Indonesia. This thesis shows two conclusions. First, Indonesia economy, so far, is stressed on demand side rather than supply side—which is the population. Second, the efforts to improve our human resources should always pay attention not only to the quality of the population, but also to the quantity of the population."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang peranan Roeslan Abdulgani dalam pencrapan pemikiran Bung Karno mengenai pembangunan bangsa dan pembangunan karakter yang berlangsung pada periode (1959-1965). Penulis memilih judul tersebut dengan alasan: tokoh Roeslan Abdulgani belum begitu banyak mendapat perhatian untuk diteliti, khususnya di kalangan mahasiswa ilmu sejarah Universitas Indonesia, baik dalam bentuk skripsi, tesis, maupun disertasi: diharapkan tokoh Roeslan Abdulgani dapat menjadi teladan dan peranannya dapat diaktualisasaikan dalam menghadapi persoalan bangsa pada dewasa ini; dan memberikan sumbangan bagi pengembangan penulisan sejarah dalam format studi tokoh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: untuk mengetahui sejauh mana peranan Roeslan Abdulgani dalam penerapan pemikiran Bung Karno tentang pembangunan bangsa dan pembangunan karakter. Permasalahan yang dibahas meliputi: latar belakang kehidupan sosial Roeslan Abdulgani, pemikiran Bung Karno dan pemahaman Rocslan Abdulgani tentang pembangunan bangsa dan pembangunan karakter, dan bagaimana Roeslan Abdulgani menjalankan peranannyN dalam kegiatan indoktrinasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah dengan memanfaatkan sumber tertulis berupa kumpulan pidato, sambutan, prasaran, ceramah, dan tulisan Roeslan Abdulgani, inventaris arsip Roeslan Abdulgani (1950-1976), arsip Sekretariat Menko Ilubra (1963-1966), dan beberapa surat kabar. Selain itu jugs memanfaatkan sumber berupa transkripsi basil wawancara dengan Roeslan yang dilakukan oleh Buletin Antara, Prisma, J.R. Chaniago, dan Tony Ilasyim. Metodologi naratif digunakan sebagai pendekatan untuk mendeskripsikan pembahasan tesis ini dengan menunjukkan peran individu yaitu Roeslan Abdulgani dalam proses pembangunan bangsa dan pembangunan karakter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tokoh Roeslan Abdulgani memiliki latar belakang kehidupan sosial yang baik yaitu semangat nasionalisme yang telah tertanam sejak muda. Herbert Leith dan Lance Castles yang menempatkan Roeslan Abdulgani sebagai tokoh dalam aliran pemikiran politik 'Nasionalisme Radikal' di Indonesia pada periode (1945-1965) tidak tepat dan tidak cukup bukti. Tetapi Roeslan Abdulgani lebih tepat disebut sebagai tokoh yang mampu memahami pemikiran orang lain yaitu Bung Karno. Roeslan Abdulgani memiliki peranan yang cukup pcnting dalam kegiatan indoktrinasi dalam rangka pembangunan bangsa dan pembangunan karakter.

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This thesis discuss about role of Roeslan Abdulgani in applying idea of Bung Karno about nation and character building which taking place at period (1959-1965). Writer chooses the title with some reasons: figure of Roeslan Abdulgani has not so much getting attention to discuss, especially among historical science student University of Indonesia, either in the form of scription, thesis, and dissertation: the writer expect figure of Roeslan Abdulgani can be a model and his role can actualize in facing problem of nation at these days; and gives contribution to expansion of historiography in figure study format.

Purpose of this research is to know how far role of Roeslan Abdulgani in applying idea of Bung Karno about nation and character building. Problems studied about: background of social life of Roeslan Abdulgani, idea of Bung Karno and understanding of Roeslan Abdulgani about nation and character building, and how Roeslan Abdulgani implements his role in indoctrination activity.

This research using method of history by exploiting source is written in the form of gathering of oration, greeting, working paper, discourse, and article of Roeslan Abdulgani, archive inventories Roeslan Abdulgani (1950-1976). Archive Secretariat' Menko Ilubra (1963-1966), and some newspapers, besides also exploits source in the corm of transcription result of interview with Roeslan Abdulgani by Buletin Antares, Prisma, J.R. Chaniago, and Tony Hasyim. Narrative methodologies applied as approach to description this thesis by showing the role of individual that is Roeslan Abdulgani in process of nation and character building.

Result of research indicates that figure of Roeslan Abdulgani have a background of social life which good that is spirit of nationalism since he is young. Herbert Leith and Lance Castles placing Roeslan Abdulgani as figure in politics philosophy 'Radical Nationalism' in Indonesia at period (1945-1965) is not true and insufficient evidence. But Roeslan Abdulgani is more accurately called as figure that able to comprehend idea of others that is Bung Karno. Roeslan Abdulgani has an important role in activity of indoctrination for the agenda of nation and character building."