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"The stakeholder perspective is an alternative way of understanding how companies and people create value and trade with each other. Freeman, Harrison and Zyglidopoulos discuss the foundation concepts and implementation of stakeholder management as well as the advantages this approach provides to firms and their managers. They present a number of tools that managers can use to implement stakeholder thinking, better understand stakeholders and create value with and for them. The Element concludes by discussing how managers can create stakeholder oriented control systems and by examining some of the important stakeholder-related issues that are worthy of future scholarly and managerial attention"

"Contents :1. Stakeholder theory and organizational dogma.2. The limits of stakeholder theory.3. Why organizational ethics.4. stakeholder theory and its critics.5. A principle of stakeholder fairness."

"ABSTRACTPerusahaan Multinasional (Multinaltional Enterprises MNE) memegang peranan penting dalam Tanggung Jawab Sosial Korporasi (Corporate Social Responsibility CSR) dan mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengarahkan perubahan sosial, lingkungan dan ekonomi karena mereka memiliki operasi pada lebih dari satu pasar di berbagai negara yang memungkinkan mereka untuk mempengaruhi masayarakat dimana mereka berada. Lebih dari itu tantangannya menjadi lebih besar terutama bagi perusahaan multinasional (MNE) yang memiliki operasi di negara negara berkembang (developing countries). Perusahaan multinasional akan menghadapi dilema antara globalisasi atau lokalisasi dalam menerapkan strategi tanggungjawab Sosial (CSR). Berdasarkan pertimbangan masih sangat sedikit pembahasan teoritis berkaitan dengan strategi tanggungjawab sosial (CSR) yang harus dilakukan oleh perusahaan multinasional (MNE) yang memiliki anak perusahaan di negara negera berkembang (developing countries) maka dalam tesis ini membahas lebih dalam masalah ini dengan menggunakan pendekatan yang sebelumnya dikembangkan oleh Mitchell, etal. (1997) terkait peran utama (salience) pemangku kepentingan (stakeholders) dengan mengusulkan perubahan konfigurasi pada atribut pemangku kepentingan yang sebelumnya dikemukakan oleh Mitchel (dalam hal ini : Kekuasaan / Power Legitimasi / Legitimacy dan Urgensi / Urgency) dan bagaimana masing masing atribut yang diusulkan tersebut mempengaruhi keputusan globalisasi atau lokalisasi dalam strategi tanggungjawab sosial (CSR)

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ABSTRACTMultinational Companies (Multinaltional Companies, MNE) play an important role in Corporate Social Responsibility CSR) and have the ability to direct social, environmental and economic change because they have operations in more than one market in a varietycountry that allows them to optimize the community where they are. More than that the challenge becomes bigger for the peoplemultinational companies (MNE) that have operations in developing countries (developing countries). Multinational companies will face a dilemma between globalization or localization in implementing CSR strategies. Based on consideration there is still very littlethe social responsibility (CSR) strategy that must be carried out by multinational companies (MNE) that have subsidiaries in developing countries (developing countries), in this thesis, we discuss more about this problem by using a discussion previously developed by Mitchell, etal. (1997) related to the main (meaningful) role of stakeholders with Related to changes in stakeholder attributes previously stated by Mitchel (in this case: Power / Legitimacy / Legitimacy and Urgency / Urgency) and how each the suggested attributes are more important decisions on globalization or localization in social responsibility (CSR) strategies"

"Ethics for Today. This is a pragmatic, hands-on, up-to-date guide to determining right and wrong in the business world. Joseph Weiss integrates a stakeholder perspective with an issues-oriented approach so students look at how a business's actions affect not just share price and profit but the well-being of employees, customers, suppliers, the local community, the larger society, other nations, and the environment. Weiss uses a wealth of contemporary examples, including twenty-three customized cases that immerse students directly in recent business ethics dilemmas and ask them to consider how they would resolve them. The recent economic collapse raised ethical issues that have yet to be resolved--there could not be a better time for a fully updated edition of Weiss's classic, accessible blend of theory and practice. New to the Sixth Edition!New Cases! Fourteen of the twenty-three cases in this book are brand new to this edition. They touch on issues such as cyberbullying, fracking, neuromarketing, and for-profit education and involve institutions like Goldman Sachs, Google, Kaiser Permanente, Walmart, Ford, and Facebook. Updated Throughout! The text has been updated with the latest research, including new national ethics survey data, perspectives on generational differences, and global and international issues. Each chapter includes recent business press stories touching on ethical issues. New Feature! Several chapters now feature a unique Point/Counterpoint exercise that challenges students to argue both sides of a contemporary issue, such as too-big-to-fail institutions, the Boston bomber Rolling Stone cover, student loan debt, online file sharing, and questions raised by social media. ; Ethics for Today. This is a pragmatic, hands-on, up-to-date guide to determining right and wrong in the business world. Joseph Weiss integrates a stakeholder perspective with an issues-oriented approach so students look at how a business's actions affect not just share price and profit but the well-being of employees, customers, suppliers, the local community, the larger society, other nations, and the environment. Weiss uses a wealth of contemporary examples, including twenty-three customized cases that immerse students directly in recent business ethics dilemmas and ask them to consider how they would resolve them. The recent economic collapse raised ethical issues that have yet to be resolved--there could not be a better time for a fully updated edition of Weiss's classic, accessible blend of theory and practice. New to the Sixth Edition!New Cases! Fourteen of the twenty-three cases in this book are brand new to this edition. They touch on issues such as cyberbullying, fracking, neuromarketing, and for-profit education and involve institutions like Goldman Sachs, Google, Kaiser Permanente, Walmart, Ford, and Facebook. Updated Throughout! The text has been updated with the latest research, including new national ethics survey data, perspectives on generational differences, and global and international issues. Each chapter includes recent business press stories touching on ethical issues. New Feature! Several chapters now feature a unique Point/Counterpoint exercise that challenges students to argue both sides of a contemporary issue, such as too-big-to-fail institutions, the Boston bomber Rolling Stone cover, student loan debt, online file sharing, and questions raised by social media. ; Ethics for Today. This is a pragmatic, hands-on, up-to-date guide to determining right and wrong in the business world. Joseph Weiss integrates a stakeholder perspective with an issues-oriented approach so students look at how a business's actions affect not just share price and profit but the well-being of employees, customers, suppliers, the local community, the larger society, other nations, and the environment. Weiss uses a wealth of contemporary examples, including twenty-three customized cases that immerse students directly in recent business ethics dilemmas and ask them to consider how they would resolve them. The recent economic collapse raised ethical issues that have yet to be resolved--there could not be a better time for a fully updated edition of Weiss's classic, accessible blend of theory and practice. New to the Sixth Edition!New Cases! Fourteen of the twenty-three cases in this book are brand new to this edition. They touch on issues such as cyberbullying, fracking, neuromarketing, and for-profit education and involve institutions like Goldman Sachs, Google, Kaiser Permanente, Walmart, Ford, and Facebook. Updated Throughout! The text has been updated with the latest research, including new national ethics survey data, perspectives on generational differences, and global and international issues. Each chapter includes recent business press stories touching on ethical issues. New Feature! Several chapters now feature a unique Point/Counterpoint exercise that challenges students to argue both sides of a contemporary issue, such as too-big-to-fail institutions, the Boston bomber Rolling Stone cover, student loan debt, online file sharing, and questions raised by social media. "

"Studi ini meneliti strategi keberlanjutan bisnis (business sustainability strategy), yaitu strategi yang mengintegrasikan dimensi ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan di perusahaan hulu migas di Indonesia. Kegiatan di industri minyak dan gas mencakup eksplorasi dan produksi yang berdampak langsung terhadap lingkungan dan masyarakat sekitar. Dengan demikian, perusahaan terkait perlu memasukkan konsep keberlanjutan dalam merumuskan strategi mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode SEM PLS yang melibatkan 124 responden dari 72 KKKS (Kontraktor Kontrak Kerja Sama). Pengujian hipotesis menjelaskan bahwa sumber daya internal (internal resources) dan orientasi CSR (CSR orientation) berpengaruh positif terhadap strategi keberlanjutan bisnis, akan tetapi tekanan pemangku kepentingan (perceived stakeholder pressure) tidak menunjukkan hubungan signifikan terhadap strategi keberlanjutan usaha. Temuan juga menunjukkan bahwa strategi keberlanjutan bisnis secara positif mempengaruhi perlindungan lingkungan (environmental protection), kohesi sosial (social cohesion) dan kinerja keberlanjutan bisnis (business sustainability performance). Akan tetapi hasil penelitian tidak menunjukkan dampak signifikan antara perlindungan lingkungan dan kinerja keberlanjutan bisnis. Hal ini mungkin disebabkan oleh persepsi bahwa perlindungan lingkungan tidak secara langsung dapat memberikan dampak pada segi finansial. Penelitian juga menjelaskan pentingnya kohesi sosial serta kerja sama pada rantai usaha dalam mencapai kinerja keberlanjutan bisnis.

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This study investigates business sustainability strategy, i.e. strategy that integrates economic, social and environmental dimensions (ESE), in upstream oil and gas companies in Indonesia. Activities in upstream oil and gas industry include exploration and production that directly impact natural environment and local community. Thus, these companies are required to incorporate ESE in formulating their strategy. The study uses SEM PLS method involving 124 respondents from 72 production sharing contract (PSC) contractors in. The findings explicate that internal resources and CSR orientation positively influence business sustainability strategy, while perceived stakeholder pressure does not. The results also suggest that business sustainability strategy positively affects environmental protection, social cohesion and business sustainability performance. The findings, however, do not show significant direct impact between environmental protection and business sustainability performance. This may be caused by perception that environmental protection is not directly beneficial for the bottom line. Lastly, the study explains the importance of social cohesion as well as cooperation in supply chains in seeking business sustainability performance."

"Tanggung Jawab Sosial Korporat telah menjadi tren yang semakin berkembang untuk diterapkan di banyak perusahaan di dunia, termasuk industri berbasis jasa yang sengaja mengimplementasi kegiatan sosial untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan dari program tanggung jawab sosial korporat yang dilakukan Gran Melia Jakarta sebagai perusahaan berbasis jasa dengan sudut pandang keterlibatan stakeholder. Penelitian ini menganalisa perkembangan dan kebijakan dan program tanggung jawab sosial, serta bagaimana bentuk keterlibatan stakeholder. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapat pemahaman, kebijakan, dan tantangan-tantangan utama dalam melaksanakan program tanggung jawab sosial korporat. Pengidentifikasian stakeholder utama dieksplorasi untuk menanggapi kebutuhan dan harapan dari stakeholder terhadap program tanggung jawab sosial korporat. Penelitian ini pada akhirnya mencari lebih dalam pengembangan dari program tanggung jawab sosial korporat dan mengarahkan patella selanjutnya supaya dapat melihat faktor-faktor unik dalam kelompok stakeholder saat menganalisa tanggung jawab sosial korporat. Sedangkan praktisi diharapkan dapat mengembangkan dan menerapkan hubungan-hubungan antara perusahaan dan stakeholder untuk keuntungan bersama melalui penelitian yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif ini. Wawancara secara mendalam digunakan untuk mengakses persepsi orang, pengertian-pengertian suatu situasi dan konstruksi dari kenyataan melalui pertanyaan yang diajukan dan dikembangan berdasarkan jawaban atau respon dan narasumber. Data sekunder yang dapat dianalisis terdiri dari literature, kebijakan dan laporan perusahaan, kliping, jumal, foto, dan rekaman program. Merujuk pada program yang dilaksanakan pada 2005, semua narasumber yang merniliki kredibilitas tinggi dipilih untuk mewakili masing-masing kelompok stakeholder yang terlibat. Tanggapan dan jawaban mereka akan dianalisa terutama dengan menggunakan model proses keterlibatan stakeholder dan kerangka konsep lain yang berhubungan.

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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been a growing trend among corporations throughout the world, including service-based ones that deliberately implement social program to achieve a certain goal. This study reports findings from a research of CSR conducted by Gran Melia Jakarta as a service-based company with the stakeholder engagement perspective It analyses the extent of CSR policy and program and how the company is engaged to its stakeholders. The research provides company's understanding and policy of CSR and its key challenges in conducting CSR. Key stakeholders identification is explored in order to response to the needs and expectations of stakeholders toward the CSR program. Finally, it considers possible CSR improvements exploration and further research for academic purpose especially in finding distinctive factors within stakeholder groups to consider when examining and analyzing corporate social responsibility, whilst practitioners will find how to develop and utilize relationships between a corporation and its stakeholders for mutual benefit through the research that is done with a qualitative approach. In-depth interviews are used to access people's perceptions, meanings, definition of the situation and construction of reality through open-ended questions. Secondary data to analyze comes from literatures, corporate policies and reports, clippings, journals, photographs, and program records. Specifically referred to projects conducted in 2005, all credible informants are selected to represent each group involved in the CSR program. Their responses will then be analyzed mainly through stakeholder engagement process model and other related conceptual frameworks."

"ABSTRACTMNEs have become critical players in CSR, since they are capable of driving social, environmental and economic change due to their operations presence in more than one market, situation that allows them to impact different societies. Moreover, this challenge is more complicated especially if MNEs operates in developing countries. The dilemma between a globalised and a localised CSR strategy must be considered carefully by MNEs when given this situation. Given there is a lack of theoretical consensus regarding on how CSR strategy must be implemented when MNEs have subsidiaries operating in developing countries, this thesis will explore into this issue more deeply using Mitchell, et al. rsquo s 1997 framework of stakeholder salience by proposing a reconfiguration of the stakeholder attributes power, legitimacy, and urgency and how each of them individually influence the decision of whether to localise or globalise its CSR strategy in subsidiaries operating in developing countries.

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ABSTRACTPerusahaan Multinasional Multinaltional Enterprises / MNE memegang peranan penting dalam Tanggung Jawab Sosial Korporasi Corporate Social Responsibility / CSR dan mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengarahkan perubahan sosial, lingkungan, dan ekonomi karena mereka memiliki operasi pada lebih dari satu pasar di berbagai negara yang memungkinkan mereka untuk mempengaruhi masayarakat dimana mereka berada. Lebih dari itu, tantangannya menjadi lebih besar terutama bagi perusahaan multinasional MNE yang memiliki operasi di negara negara berkembang developing countries . Perusahaan multinasional akan menghadapi dilema antara globalisasi atau lokalisasi dalam menerapkan strategi tanggungjawab Sosial CSR . Berdasarkan pertimbangan masih sangat sedikit pembahasan teoritis berkaitan dengan strategi tanggungjawab sosial CSR yang harus dilakukan oleh perusahaan multinasional MNE yang memiliki anak perusahaan di negara negera berkembang developing countries , maka dalam tesis ini membahas lebih dalam masalah ini dengan menggunakan pendekatan yang sebelumnya dikembangkan oleh Mitchell, et al. 1997 terkait peran utama salience pemangku kepentingan stakeholders dengan mengusulkan perubahan konfigurasi pada atribut pemangku kepentingan yang sebelumnya dikemukakan oleh Mitchel dalam hal ini : ldquo;Kekuasaan rdquo; / Power, ldquo;Legitimasi rdquo; / Legitimacy, dan ldquo;Urgensi rdquo; / Urgency dan bagaimana masing-masing atribut yang diusulkan tersebut mempengaruhi keputusan globalisasi atau lokalisasi dalam strategi tanggungjawab sosial CSR ."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ikatan dengan pemangku kepentingan (stakeholder engagement) dan pengungkapan corporate social responsibility (CSR disclosure) terhadap cost of equity capital perusahaan. Ikatan yang baik antara perusahaan dengan stakeholder-nya dan pengungkapan CSR yang baik diduga dapat menurunkan cost of equity perusahaan secara keseluruhan. Namun, penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda untuk stakeholder engagement, sementara pengungkapan CSR menunjukkan hasil yang sesuai dengan prediksi. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga melihat apakah terdapat perbedaan cost of equity antara perusahaan yang termasuk ke dalam Indeks SRI-KEHATI dan yang tidak. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan.

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This paper aims to analyze the influence of stakeholder engagement and corporate social responsibility disclosure toward cost of equity capital in companies. Greater engagement between corporate and its stakeholder and CSR disclosure is estimated to reduce the cost of equity in companies. However, this study shows that greater stakeholder engagement increases cost of equity while CSR disclosure has the same result as predicted. In addition, this paper also examine whether there is cost of equity difference of firms which listed in SRI-KEHATI Index. The result shows that there is no difference between listed and unlisted firms."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh karakteristik dan tata kelola perusahaan terhadap Corporate Social Responsibility CSR Expenditure pada perusahaan publik di Indonesia. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah perusahan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2013 hingga 2015. Kriteria pemilihan sampel adalah perusahaan non-finansial yang menjalankan kegiatan Corporate Social Responsibility CSR , memiliki data terkait ASEAN Corporate Governance Scorecard ACGS serta termasuk sebagai 100 perusahaan dengan nilai kapitalisasi terbesar pada tiap periode. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan Fixed Effect Panel-Corrected Standard Errors Model.Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan, penjualan, Cash Flow from Operations CFO dan tata kelola perusahaan berpengaruh positif terhadap CSR Expenditure. Selain itu, tingkat profitabilitas dan leverage berpengaruh negatif terhadap CSR Expenditure, namun Market-To-Book MTB Ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap CSR Expenditure perusahaan. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendorong pihak perusahaan dalam meningkatkan kualitas praktik tata kelola perusahaan, dan menghimbau manajemen perusahaan untuk memperhatikan perubahan maupun perkembangan ukuran perusahaan, tingkat penjualan maupun tingkat Cash Flow from Operations CFO perusahaan.

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This research aims to empirically examine the impact of firm's characteristics and governance towards Corporate Social Responsibility CSR Expenditure on Indonesian public listed companies. This research is based on a sample of non financial companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange for the period of 2013 until 2015, which proven to run Corporate Social Responsibility CSR activities, included in the ASEAN Corporate Governance Scorecard ACGS and also included as the 100 largest capitalized companies in each period.

The fixed effect regression and Panel Corrected Standard Errors PCSE approach are used to test the hypothesis of this research, with results indicating that firm's size, sales, Cash Flow from Operations CFO and Corporate Governance CG have a significant and positive impact towards CSR Expenditure. On the other hand, firm's profitability and leverage have a significant but negative impact towards CSR Expenditure. However, firm's MTB Ratio known to have no significant impact towards CSR Expenditure. The implications of this research are to encourage the company to improve the quality of their corporate governance practices, and suggests the company 39 s management to pay attention to the change and development of company's size, sales level and Cash Flow from Operations CFO level."