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"This book deals with in-cylinder pressure measurement and its post-processing for combustion quality analysis of conventional and advanced reciprocating engines. It offers insight into knocking and combustion stability analysis techniques and algorithms in SI, CI, and LTC engines, and places special emphasis on the digital signal processing of in-cylinder pressure signal for online and offline applications. The text gives a detailed description on sensors for combustion measurement, data acquisition, and methods for estimation of performance and combustion parameters. The information provided in this book enhances readers basic knowledge of engine combustion diagnostics and serves as a comprehensive, ready reference for a broad audience including graduate students, course instructors, researchers, and practicing engineers in the automotive, oil and other industries concerned with internal combustion engines.Maximizes readers understanding of the construction, working principles, installation, signal processing and limitations of the transducers used for combustion analysis;Provides a range of different models for estimating heat release and heat transfer for combustion quality analysis;Describes statistical and chaotic methods used for combustion stability analysis and the different knock indices and combustion noise metrics evaluated from cylinder pressure signal;Reinforces concepts presented with end of chapter summary discussions and questions;Explains methods used for estimation of engine parameters such as TDC, compression ratio, air-fuel ratio, residual gas fraction and wall temperature using in-cylinder pressure measurement."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melakukan validasi beberapa pressure gauge yang terdapat pada mesin PLTU 450 Watt dengan adanya permasalahan nilai efisiensi termal pada penelitian sebelumnya yang sangat rendah jika dibandingkan dengan nilai efisiensi normal. Adanya dugaan bahwa hasil pengukuran tekanan oleh pressure gauge yang kurang akurat sehingga menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab perhitungan nilai efisiensi yang kecil. Validasi pressure gauge ini dilakukan dengan metode perbandingan dengan suatu pressure transducer merk OMEGA tipe PX800-100 GV yang memiliki tingkat akurasi yang lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan pressure gauge. Dari hasil pengujian pressure transducer, dapat diketahui bahwa output pressure transducer berbanding lurus (linear) dengan tekanan input yang diberikan dan memiliki nilai gradien garis 13,61 milivolt per bar gauge (barg) pada rentang pengukuran 0-8 barg. Dari hasil validasi pressure gauge terhadap 5 pressure gauge pada rentang tekanan 0- 8 barg dapat diketahui bahwa kelima pressure gauge memiliki range nilai akurasi 5% - 7,5%. Dengan demikian jika dibandingkan dengan nilai akurasi sesuai spesifikasinya yaitu 1,5 %, nilai akurasi pressure gauge P-01 s.d. P-05 memiliki nilai akurasi yang sudah turun.

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The study was conducted to validate some pressure gauges located on the 450 watt power plant engine. The calculation of thermal efficiency in the previous studies was very low comparing to the normal efficiency. That was alleged by the pressure measurement which less accurate. Pressure gauge validation was performed by the method of comparison with a pressure transducer OMEGA PX800-100 GV that has higher accuracy when it was compared to the pressure gauge.

From the test results, it could be seen that the pressure transducer output is directly proportional (linear) with a given input pressure and has a gradient of line 13.61 milivolts per bar gauge (barg) in the measurement range of 0-8 barg. Validation results of five pressure gauges in the range of 0-8 barg have 5%-7,5% accuracy. Thus when this actual accuracy were compared with their pressure gauge specification, i.e 1.5%, the accuracy of all pressure gauges has been dropped."

"Penggunaan mesin pengkondisi udara banyak dimanfaatkan oleh pengguna perkantoran, laboratorium maupun industri proses sebagai suatu kebutuhan. Mesin pengkondisi udara ini menjadi sangat penting terutama di laboratorium dan industri proses sebagai akibat dari beberapa prosesnya memerlukan kondisi udara yang dapat diatur maupun karena spesifikasi dari alat yang mensyaratkan pada kondisi udara yang tertentu. Dengan kondisi Indonesia yang sampai saat ini masih krisis energi dimana energi yang dihasilkan PLN tidak lebih besar dari beban total yang ada di seluruh negeri ini maka langkah dalam penghematan energi adalah sangat penting terutama dalam mengaudit peralatan-peralatan yang sudah lama beroperasi. Salah satu peralatan yang membutuhkan energi yang besar dalam suatu laboratorium maupun industri proses adalah sistem VAC yaitu yang berupa chilled water system. Dalam penelitian ini data yang diambil meliputi data pemakaian daya, data kondisi udara serta data dari unit control module (UCM) yang berada pada panel chiller. Audit sistem VAC ini ditujukan agar memperoleh data seberapakah efisienkah alat tersebut dibandingkan dengan pemakaian energi dan performa yang dihasilkan. Dari hasil pengambilan data dan analisa data maka kondisi udara yang dihasilkan pun telah keluar dari spesifikasi desain untuk engine test cell yang bernilai 25±2 °C. Faktor yang menyebabkan tidak sesuainya lagi dengan spesifikasi desain untuk engine test cell adalah flow udara yang hanya 1,89 m3/s dari 5 m3/s yang dibutuhkan untuk air supply serta flow extract fan yang tidak balance dengan air supply. Selain faktor tersebut adalah faktor sensor dan kontrol serta faktor infiltrasi yang besar dari pintu serta perlunya dicek flow chilled water yang menuju air handling unit (AHU).

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The use of air conditioning machines used by many users of offices, laboratories and industrial processes as a necessity. Air conditioner has become very important especially in the laboratory and industrial processes as a result of some process requires an adjustable air condition as well as the specifications of the tool requires in certain weather conditions. With the condition of Indonesia that is still an energy crisis where the energy generated PLN is not greater than the total load in the entire country is a step in energy saving is very important especially in auditing the equipment that has long operated. One of the tools require a large energy in a laboratory and industrial processes are the VAC system is a form of chilled water system. In this study the data taken include power consumption data, data of air conditions as well as data from the unit control module (UCM), which are on the chiller panel. Audit VAC system is intended to obtain efficiency data what are these tools compared to energy usage and the performance. From the results of data retrieval and analysis of data produced by the air condition was already out of the design specifications for the engine test cell that is worth 25±2 °C. Factors that cause the incompatibility again with the design specifications for the engine test cell is the air flow is only 1.89 m/s of 5 m/s is needed for air supply and extract flow fan that does not balance with the air supply. In addition to these factors is a factor as well as sensors and control a large infiltration factor of the door and checked the need for chilled water flow toward the air handling unit (AHU). 33."