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"This book highlights the theoretical foundations of and experimental techniques in photothermal heating and applications involving nanoscale heat generation using gold nanostructures embedded in various media. The experimental techniques presented involve a combination of nanothermometers doped with rare-earth atoms, plasmonic heaters and near-field microscopy. The theoretical foundations are based on the Maxwells and heat diffusion equations. In particular, the working principle and application of AlGaN:Er3+ film, Er2O3 nanoparticles and β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ nanocrystals for nanothermometry based on Er3+ emission are discussed. The relationship between superheated liquid and bubble formation for optically excited nanostructures and the effects of the surrounding medium and solution properties on light absorption and scattering are presented. The application of Er2O3 and β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ nanocrystals to study the temperature of optically heated gold nanoparticles is also presented. In closing, the book presents a new thermal imaging technique combining near-field microscopy and Er3+ photoluminescence spectroscopy to monitor the photothermal heating and steady-state sub-diffraction local temperature of optically excited gold nanostructures."

"This book highlights the theoretical foundations of and experimental techniques in photothermal heating and applications involving nanoscale heat generation using gold nanostructures embedded in various media. The experimental techniques presented involve a combination of nanothermometers doped with rare-earth atoms, plasmonic heaters and near-field microscopy. The theoretical foundations are based on the Maxwell’s and heat diffusion equations. In particular, the working principle and application of AlGaN:Er3+ film, Er2O3 nanoparticles and β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ nanocrystals for nanothermometry based on Er3+ emission are discussed. The relationship between superheated liquid and bubble formation for optically excited nanostructures and the effects of the surrounding medium and solution properties on light absorption and scattering are presented. The application of Er2O3 and β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ nanocrystals to study the temperature of optically heated gold nanoparticles is also presented. In closing, the book presents a new thermal imaging technique combining near-field microscopy and Er3+ photoluminescence spectroscopy to monitor the photothermal heating and steady-state sub-diffraction local temperature of optically excited gold nanostructures."

"The spectral intensity of direct and scattered solar radiation is of fundamental importance for various studies in civil engineering, agriculture, solar power generation, and radiation budgetestimation. In this paper, we describe a ground-based, wide-spectral-range sensor that can be used for measuring spectral intensities both in the visible and near-infrared spectral regions.The measurements are conducted either with artificial light sources ordirect/scattered solar radiation. The measured spectra yields information on the absorption features of atmosphericgases such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor, as well as aerosol optical properties in the atmosphere. Relatively weak absorption of nitrogen dioxide is measured with the technique of differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS), whereas aerosol, carbon dioxide, and water vapor amounts are measured by matching the observed spectra with simulated ones. Both High Resolution Transmission (HITRAN) and ModerateResolution Atmospheric Transmission (MODTRAN) database/codes are used to derive column amounts of absorbing molecular species and tocharacterize aerosol optical properties. "

"Summary: This book presents a complete overview of the powerful but often misused technique of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The book presents a systematic and complete overview of EIS. The book carefully describes EIS and its application in studies of electrocatalytic reactions and other electrochemical processes of practical interest. This book is directed towards graduate students and researchers in Electrochemistry. Concepts are illustrated through detailed graphics and numerous examples. The book also includes practice problems. Additional materials and solutions are available online"

"ABSTRAKSifat struktur, termal, dan listrik pada temperatur tinggi dari senyawa double perovskite Sr2(Fe,Ti)O6telah dipelajari pada penelitian ini.Sr2(Fe,Ti)O6 disintesis dengan metode solid state reaction. Hasil karakterisasi x-ray diffraction pada temperatur kamar menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel memiliki fase tunggal dan memiliki struktur kristal kubik double perovskite dengan space grup pm3m. Variasi jumlah atom Fe dan Ti mengakibatkan kenaikan parameter kisi dan grainsize. Grainsize yang diperoleh berkisar antara 30 nm sampai dengan 80 nm. Sifat listrik sebagai fungsi temperatur dan frekuensi dikarakterisasi menggunakan RLC-meter dengan metode spektroskopi impedansi. Hasil karakterisasi disajikan dalam Nyquist plot dan Bode plot yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi rangkaian ekuivalen dan parameternya. Rangkaian ekuivalen yang diperoleh menunjukkan pengaruh grain dan grain boundary terhadap sifat material. Konduktivitas dc Sr2(Fe,Ti)O6 sebagai fungsi temperatur dijelaskan dengan menggunakan persamaan Arrhenius. Energi aktivasi yang diperoleh dari hubungan konduktivitas dc sebagai fungsi temperatur menunjukkan pengaruh grain dan grain boundary pada sampel. Hal tersebut menunjukkan kemungkinan adanya oxygen vacancy pada material Sr2(Fe,Ti)O6. Kemungkinan ini diperkuat dengan hasil karakterisasi field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) untuk menggambarkan morfologi sampel

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ABSTRACTStructure, thermal, and electrical properties of double perovskite material Sr2(Fe,Ti)O6 at high temperature have been studied. Sr2(Fe,Ti)O6 was synthesized by solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction characterization at room temperature for all samples show single phase and having cubic double perovskite structure with pm3m space group. The variation of Fe and Ti atoms result an increasing of lattice parameter and grainsize which is found between 30 nm and 80 nm. The electrical properties as a function of temperature and frequency are characterized by using RLC-meter with impedance spectroscopy method. The impedance data are presented in Nyquist and Bode plot resulting in the equivalent circuit and its parameters. The equivalent circuit shows the effect of grain and grain boundary in the electrical properties of materials. DC conductivity of Sr2(Fe,Ti)O6 as a function of temperature was explained by using Arrhenius equation. The value of the activation energy which is evaluated from dc conductivity as a function of temperature shows the effect of grain and grain boundary. The activation energy exhibits of oxygen vacancy in Sr2(Fe,Ti)O6 which is also supported by morphology of Sr2(Fe,Ti)O6 characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)."