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Masyarakat lokal memiliki pengetahuan mengenai ekologi dan pengelolaan sumber daya alam, termasuk masyarakat Jawa di Lereng Gunung Slamet. Lanskap yang dikenali oleh masyarakat lokal relatif beragam. Dokumentasi pengetahuan lokal dan pengelolaan sumber daya dapat dikaji melalui etnoekologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis keanekaragaman dan karakteristik satuan lanskap yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat, (2) mengungkapkan nilai kepentingan satuan lanskap dan jenis tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat, (3) mengungkapkan cara pengelolaan satuan lanskap berdasarkan kearifan masyarakat, dan (4) menganalisis struktur komunitas di setiap satuan lanskap. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa (1) Ragatunjung, (2) Cipetung, dan (3) Pandansari, Kecamatan Paguyangan, Kabupaten Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara observasi, wawancara semi terstruktur, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Pebble Distribution Method (PDM), dan analisis vegetasi. Wawancara semi terstruktur dilakukan kepada 8 informan kunci dan 83 responsden yang ditentukan secara purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Data pemanfaatan satuan lanskap diperoleh melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan Pebble Distribution Method (PDM) yang dianalisis menggunakan Local User’s Value Index (LUVI). Data analisis vegetasi d diolah dengan menentukan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP), Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’), Indeks Kekayaan (DMg), Indeks Kemerataan (e’), dan Indeks Kesamaan (IS). Masyarakat Lereng Gunung Slamet mengenal sembilan jenis satuan lanskap yaitu, perawisan (pekarangan), wanah (hutan produksi), majegan (kebun), sabin (sawah), kubang buyut (kawasan rencana hutan lindung), perkebunan teh, Cagar Alam Telaga Ranjeng, tanah bengkok, dan tuk (sumber air). Wanah merupakan satuan lanskap terpenting bagi masyarakat karena merupakan ruang utama dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup dengan nilai di Desa Ragatunjung (31,27), Desa Cipetung (53,55), dan Desa Pandansari (28,17). Oryza sativa L. memiliki nilai kepentingan tertinggi di dua satuan lanskap Desa Ragatunjung yaitu, sabin (22) dan wanah (12), sedangkan pada majegan adalah Syzygium aromaticum L. (6,68). Brassica oleracea L. memiliki nilai kepentingan tertinggi di dua satuan lanskap Desa Cipetung yaitu, majegan (4,20) dan pemukiman (3,5), sedangkan pada wanah adalah Zea mays L. (11,38). Solanum tuberosum L. memiliki nilai tertinggi di setiap satuan lanskap di Desa Pandansari yaitu, wanah (10,33), majegan (6,80), dan Rencana Hutan Lindung (RHL) (4,13). Pengelolaan satuan lanskap dilakukan dengan menerapkan sistem agroforestri untuk lahan kering dan terasering untuk lahan basah. Analisis struktur komunitas dapat dilihat pada Indeks Keanekaragaman berkisar antara 1,57—28,9 yang termasuk dalam kategori sedang yang menunjukkan bahwa lanskap tersebut dalam kondisi stabil. Indeks Kekayaan di lokasi penelitian berkisar antara 11,82—28,8, sedangkan Indeks kemerataan berkisar antara 0,11—0,92. Indeks kesamaan wanah dan majegan merupakan yang tertinggi yakni 62,67 yang termasuk kategori tinggi.

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The local communities have various ecological knowledge and natural resources including, the Javanese ethnic on the slopes of Mount Slamet. The landscape recognized by local communities is relatively diverse between one region and another. Documentation of local knowledge and resource management can be studied through ethnoecology. This study aims to (1) analyze the diversity and characteristics of landscape unit utilized by these communities, (2) reveal the importance of the landscape unit and plant species used by the community, (3) reveal the way the unit is managed by the community based on community wisdom, and (4) analyze the structure community in each landscape unit. The research was conducted in (1) Ragatunjung, (2) Cipetung and (3) Pandansari Village, Paguyangan District, Brebes Regency, Central Java. Data collection was carried out by observation, semi-structured interviews, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Pebble Distribution Method (PDM), and vegetation analysis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 8 key informants and 83 responsdents selected by purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Landscape utilization data were obtained through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Pebble Distribution Method (PDM) which were analyzed using Local User's Value Index (LUVI). Vegetation analysis was Performed on each landscape unit and processed by determining the Importance Value (INP), Diversity Index (H '), Richness Index (DMg), Evenness Index (e'), and Similarity Index (IS). The slopes of Mount Slamet community were categorized into nine types of landscape units namely, perawisan (yard), wanah (production forest), majegan (gardens), sabin (rice fields), kubang buyut (protected forest plan area), tea plantations, Telaga Ranjeng Nature Reserve, tanah bengkok and tuk (water sources). Wanah was the most important landscape unit in the community, due to its usefulness in meeting the needs of the residents Ragatunjung (31.27), Cipetung (53.55), and Pandansari (28.17). Oryza sativa L. has the highest importance in the Sabin (22) and wanah (12) Ragatunjung Village, while Syzygium aromaticum L. had the highest in majegan (6.68). Brassica oleracea L. has the highest importance value in the two landscape units of Cipetung Village, namely, majegan (4.20) and settlements (3.5), while in the wanah is Zea mays L. (11,38). Solanum tuberosum L. had the highest value in each landscape unit in Pandansari Village, both in wanah (10.33), majegan (6.80), and Protection Forest Plan (RHL) (4.13). Management of the landscape unit is carried out by applying an agroforestry system for dry land and terracing for wetlands. Analysis of community structure can be seen on the Diversity Index ranges between 1.57—28.9, and showed a significant stability, placed in the medium category. The Species Richness at the research site ranged from 11.82—28.8, while the Evenness Index ranged from 0.11—0.92. Lastly, for wanah and majegan was the highest of the Similarity Index (62.67) and placed in the high category.

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"Pembagian, pemanfaatan, dan pengelolaan satuan unit lanskap masyarakat suku Dayak Ngaju, khususnya di Kecamatan Mantangai merupakan strategi masyarakat lokal untuk mempertahankan kelangsungan hidup mereka. Lokasi penelitian berada di Desa Tumbang Muroi, Tumbang Mangktup, dan Katimpun, Kecamatan Mantangai, Kabupaten Kapuas, Kalimantan Tengah pada Juli-Agustus 2018. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan secara ilmiah pengetahuan lokal masyarakat dalam membagi unit-unit lanskap dan menganalisis pemanfaatan serta pengelolaan unit lanskap berbasis kearifan lokal masyarakat. Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara semi terstruktur, observasi langsung, dan studi literatur, sementara data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui Pebble Distribution Method yang dianalisis menggunakan Local Users Value Index (LUVI) dan struktur komunitas yang diperoleh melalui analisis vegetasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat suku Dayak Ngaju membagi sembilan unit lanskap yaitu batang danum (sungai), lewu (permukiman), parakayu lindung (hutan lindung), parakayu desa (hutan desa), parakayu adat (hutan adat), teluk pipit dan keramat baga (tempat keramat), kabun gita (bekas kebun karet), tana (ladang pertanian), dan bahu rambung (bekas ladang). Pengetahuan lokal masyarakat membentuk heterogenitas terhadap komposisi unit lanskap sebagai proses adaptasi masyarakat. Struktur komunitas tumbuhan yang terbentuk adalah hasil dari intensitas pemanfaatan tumbuhan oleh masyarakat lokal dan kondisi lahan yang ada di masing-masing unit lanskap. Nilai pemanfaatan satuan unit lanskap oleh laki-laki dan perempuan pada masing-masing desa sangat beragam. Pemanfaatan unit lanskap tertinggi bagi laki-laki terdapat pada hutan lindung, sungai, dan permukiman, sedangkan bagi perempuan tertinggi yaitu sungai dan bekas kebun karet. Hasil LUVI menunjukkan setiap kategori guna dapat ditemui sesuai dengan lokasi pemanfaatannya. Pengetahuan lokal yang dimiliki masyarakat merupakan kepercayaan dan keyakinan masyarakat itu sendiri sehingga mampu memengaruhi presepsi masyarakat terhadap pemanfaatan dan penggunaan setiap satuan unit lanskap. Kearifan lokal masyarakat dalam mengelola lingkungan secara lestari dapat terlihat dari aturan dalam pengklasifikasian unit lanskap yang terbagi menjadi sembilan. Bentuk praktik konservasi tradisional terhadap pelestarian lingkungan meliputi sistem penebangan pohon dan pemeliharaan tempat keramat (teluk pipit dan keramat baga). Strategi pengelolaan berbasis tata nilai masyarakat suku Dayak Ngaju telah terwariskan secara turun temurun dan diharapkan mampu menjaga sumber daya alam secara berkelanjutan di masa mendatang.

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The division, utilization and management of landscape units of the Dayak Ngaju tribe, especially in Mantangai Subdistrict, is a strategy of local communities to maintain their survival. The research sites were in the villages of Tumbang Muroi, Tumbang Mangktup, and Katimpun, Mantangai Subdistrict, Kapuas District, Central Kalimantan in July-August 2018. The study aimed to record scientifically the local knowledge of the community in dividing landscape units and analyzing the utilize and management of landscape units based on the local wisdom of the community. Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and literature studies, while quantitative data were obtained through Pebble Distribution Method and analyzed using Local Users Value Index analysis (LUVI). The results show that local community divided into nine units of landscapes as a place to fulfill the daily needs of the Dayak Ngaju communities. The unit landscapes are batang danum (rivers), lewu (villages), parakayu (protected forest), parakayu (customary forest), parakayu (village forest), teluk pipit and keramat baga (sacred place), kabun gita (ex-rubber plantation), tana (fields of vegetables and rice plants), and bahu rambung (ex-fields or field that has not been used for a certain period of time). Local knowledge of the community forms heterogeneity in the composition of landscape units as a process of community adaptation. The plant community structure formed is the result of the intensity of the use of plants by local people and the condition of the land in each landscape unit. The value of the utilization of landscape units based on sex in each village is heterogeneous. The highest utilization of landscape units for men is in protected forests, rivers, and settlements, while for the highest utilization of women are rivers and rubber plantations. Based on analyzes results of LUVI shows that each category of use can be found according to the location of its utilization. Local knowledge owned by the community is the belief and it can influence the perception of the community towards the utilize of each unit of landscape based on the utilize category. The local wisdom of the community in managing the environment sustainably can be seen from the rules in classifying landscape units which are divided into nine. Traditional forms of conservation practices for environmental conservation include tree felling systems and the maintenance of sacred places (Teluk pipit and Keramat baga). The value-based management strategy of the Dayak Ngaju tribe community has been inherited from generation to generation and is expected to be able to sustain natural resources in a sustainable manner in the future."

"Luas hutan konservasi di Indonesia hanya 17,13% dari seluruh kawasan hutan, di Jawa Tengah hutan konservasi hanya 0,03%. Hutan konservasi yang ada tidak sebanding dengan keanekaragaman hayati yang ada di Indonesia. Seiring dengan pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk dan desakan ekonomi, kebutuhan lahan semakin meningkat, lahan yang menjadi sasaran adalah lahan milik pemerintah. Ancaman terhadap kawasan hutan mengancam pula kawasan konservasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis kondisi Cagar Alam Telaga Ranjeng (CATR) dan kawasan hutan penyangganya; mengetahui dan menganalisis persepsi masyarakat tentang fungsi CATR dan kawasan hutan penyangganya, menganalisis pengaruh faktor ekonomi masyarakat pada pembukaan lahan di kawasan hutan penyangga CATR, dan merumuskan strategi pengelolaan CATR dan kawasan hutan penyangganya secara tepat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan mixed method. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kualitas perairan telaga di CATR pada saat ini kurang baik, BOD, padatan tersuspensi, CO2, NH3-N dan kesadahan air cukup tinggi, terdapat bakteri Citrobacter freundii, Aeromonas sobria, Aeromonas Hydrophyla pada ikan penghuni telaga. Kawasan hutan penyangga CATR sebagian besar sudah dibuka untuk pertanian hortikultura dengan jenis tanaman kentang, kubis dan wortel. Persepsi masyarakat desa Pandansari tentang CATR dan kawasan hutan penyangganya sebagai kawasan konservasi dan kawasan lindung sudah cukup baik. Faktor sosial ekonomi masyarakat mempengaruhi luas pembukaan lahan pertanian di kawasan hutan penyangga CATR sebesar 40%, sedangkan 60% lainnya dipengaruhi oleh kebutuhan lahan pertanian, kesempatan memperoleh lahan dan tidak adanya sumber pendapatan selain pertanian. Strategi pengelolaan yang direkomendasikan untuk cagar alam adalah ekowisata, sedangkan strategi pengelolaan kawasan hutan penyangga cagar alam adalah dengan sistem penanaman agroforestry.

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Preservation of biodiversity is performed in conservation area nature reserve. Conservation forest area in Indonesia is only 17.13% of the total forest area, whereas in Central Java province forest conservation is only 0.03%. The Conservation forests existing is not comparable with biodiversity in Indonesia. Along with the growth of population and economic pressure, increased land requirements, consequently the land is owned by the government were targeted by community. Threats to forests area also threaten the conservation areas. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the condition of nature reserve Ranjeng lake and their forest buffer; identify and analyze the public perception of the function of nature reserve Ranjeng lake and their forest buffer, analyze the influence of community?s social economic factors on land clearing forest area buffer of nature reserve Ranjeng lake; and formulate the nature reserve Ranjeng lake and their forest buffer to management strategy appropriately. This research was conducted with mixed method approach. The results of this study are, water quality in the nature reserve Ranjeng lake at this time is unfavorable, physically BOD, suspended solids, CO2, NH3-N and the water hardness is quite high, there is a bacterium Citrobacter freundii, Aeromonas sobria, Aeromonas Hydrophyla in dwellers fish pond. Forest buffer of nature reserve Ranjeng lake was largely cleared for agriculture horticulture potatoes, cabbages and carrots. Pandansari rural community's perceptions of the nature reserve Ranjeng lake and their buffer forest areas for conservation and protected areas was sufficient. Socio-economic factors influencing land clearing in the forest buffer of nature reserve Ranjeng lake 40%, while 60% are influenced by the needs of agricultural land, the opportunity to acquire the land and there is no source of income other than agricultural. Recommended strategic management for nature reverse Ranjeng lake is ecotourism, while strategic management for forest buffer of nature reverse is agroforestry."

"Pendahuluan : Stunting merupakan kondisi yang ditandai dengan anak berperawakan pendek dan memiliki masalah gizi kronis. Kabupaten Brebes menjadi urutan ke 3 dengan angka stunting tertinggi di Jawa Tengah. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengidentifikasi hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik ibu dalam pemberian makan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 0-59 bulan di daerah tersebut. Metode: Design yang digunakan adalah cross sectional  dengan teknik convenience sampling. Analisis univariat dan bivariate dengan uji chi-square. Hasil: Analisis chi-square menunjukan adanya hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik ibu tentang pemberian makan anak dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 0-59 bulan memiliki p value berturut-turut sebesar p=0.000, p=0.000,  p=0.000. Kesimpulan: Adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik ibu dalam pemberian makan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 0-59 bulan di Kecamatan Bulakamba Kabupaten Brebes, Jawa tengah. Rekomendasi: Perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai faktor penyebab stunting di daerah tersebut.

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Introduction: Stunting is a condition characterized by short stature and chronic nutritional problems. Brebes Regency is in third place with the highest stunting rate in Central Java. The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and feeding practices of mothers with the incidence of stunting in children aged 0-59 months in the area.

Method: The design used is cross sectional with convenience sampling technique. Univariate and bivariate analysis with chi-square test.

Results: Chi-square analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between mother's knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding child feeding and the incidence of stunting in children aged 0-59 months having p values ​​respectively p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.000.

Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge, attitudes and practices of mothers in feeding with the incidence of stunting in children aged 0-59 months in Bulakamba District, Brebes Regency, Central Java.

Recommendation: There is a need for further research on the causes of stunting in the area."

"Saurauia merupakan salah satu marga tumbuhan dari suku Actinidiaceae. Marga tumbuhan ini tersebar alami di beberapa dataran tinggi daerah tropis dan subtropis, termasuk kawasan Gunung Slamet di Indonesia. Beberapa spesies Saurauia berpotensi sebagai obat tradisional untuk mengobati diabetes, kanker dan kolesterol. Saat ini populasi Saurauia di Indonesia mulai berkurang. Beberapa spesies Saurauia masuk dalam daftar merah International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi populasi, preferensi habitat dan menyusun strategi konservasi Saurauia spp. di kawasan Gunung Slamet. Penelitian dilakukan di 4 lokasi pada lereng yang berbeda di Gunung Slamet pada elevasi 900--2400 mdpl. Pengambilan data populasi dilakukan dengan purposive sampling mengikuti jalur pendakian yang sudah ada. Plot ukur seluas 20x20 m2 dibuat pada lokasi ditemukannya Saurauia spp. Data yang diambil meliputi spesies, jumlah, tinggi dan diameter. Beberapa parameter lingkungan dicatat seperti elevasi, kemiringan lereng, arah lereng, tutupan kanopi, pH, kelembapan relatif tanah, suhu dan kelembapan relatif udara. Analisis faktor habitat dilakukan dengan metode Principle Component Analysis (PCA). Pemodelan distribusi spasial dilakukan menggunakan maxent v3.3. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 636 individu Saurauia dalam 103 plot ukur. Jumlah tersebut terdiri dari 4 spesies Saurauia, yaitu S. nudiflora DC. (90 individu), S. pendula Blume (382), S. microphylla de Vriese (145) dan S. bracteosa DC. (19). Struktur populasi Saurauia yang ditemukan didominasi oleh fase anakan sekitar 63,99 % dan fase dewasa 36,01 %. Hasil PCA menunjukkan bahwa faktor elevasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap sebaran Saurauia di Gunung. Faktor-faktor pengganggu pertumbuhan populasi Saurauia spp antara lain faktor alam (patah, epifit dan liana) dan faktor antropogenik (penebangan dan perubahan fungsi lahan selain hutan). Beberapa strategi konservasi perlu dilakukan antara lain mempertahankan fungsi hutan lokasi sebaran Saurauia spp., konservasi ex-situ S. nudiflora dan S. bracteosa, dan reintroduksi S. nudiflora dan S. bracteosa di kawasan Gunung Slamet.

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Saurauia belongs to Actinidiaceae family. These genus is naturally distributed in tropical and subtropical highlands, including Mount Slamet in Indonesia. Some species of Saurauia have potential use as traditional medicines for diabetes, cancer and cholesterol. Currently, the population of Saurauia in Indonesia has begun to decrease. Some species of Saurauia are included in the IUCN Red List. This research aims to determine the population conditions and habitat preference as well as to develop conservation strategy of Saurauia spp. in Mount Slamet. This research was conducted at 4 locations on different slopes of Mount Slamet with the elevation range of 900--2400 m above sea level. Population data collection was carried out by following an existing climbing path using the purposive sampling method. Measuring plots of 20x20 m2 were made at the locations where Saurauia spp were located. The data taken included the species types, number of individual, height and diameter of Saurauia. Several environmental parameters were also recorded in each plot, including elevation, slope, aspects, canopy cover, soil pH, soil Rh, temperature and humidity. Analysis of habitat factor was done by Principle Component Analysis (PCA) using SPSS software. Spatial distribution model was performed using maxent v 3.3. The results of study showed that there were 636 Saurauia individuals in a total of 103 measuring plots. These individuals consisted of 4 species namely S. nudiflora DC. (90 individuals), S. pendula Blume (382), S. microphylla de Vriese (145) and S. bracteosa DC. (19). The Saurauia population structure was dominated by juvenile phase with approximately 63.99 %, whereas the mature phase was onlys 36.01 % from the total population. PCA results showed that the elevation factor affects the distribution of Saurauia in Mount Slamet. The threatening factors of Saurauia spp. population include natural factors (stem broken, epiphytes, liana) and anthropogenic factors (logging and land use conversion). Several conservation strategies need to be done i.e. preserve the forest function on Saurauia spp. natural distribution area on Mount Slamet, ex-situ conservation on S. nudiflora and S. bracteosa, and reintroduction program on  S. nudiflora and S. bracteosa  in Mount Slamet area."

"Gerakan massa tanah atau batuan terjadi karena ketidakseimbangan gaya pada lereng, di mana gaya pendorong lebih besar daripada gaya penahan akibat pengaruh gravitasi dan gaya eksternal seperti gempa bumi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lereng batuan Gunung Batu, Kecamatan Lembang, yang berada di zona Sesar Lembang. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis kestabilan lereng dan pengaruh gempa bumi terhadap kestabilan tersebut. Data yang diperlukan mencakup orientasi dan kondisi bidang diskontinuitas, sifat fisik, sifat mekanik, dan peak ground acceleration. Analisis kinematik dan deterministik digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi dan jenis kegagalan lereng serta nilai faktor keamanan (FK). Hasil analisis menunjukkan potensi longsoran jenis planar, baji, dan guling. Nilai RMR adalah 65, sementara SMR adalah 100 untuk longsoran planar, dan 80,9 untuk longsoran baji dan guling. Pada kondisi statis, nilai FK untuk longsoran planar adalah 1,554, longsoran baji 2,506, dan longsoran guling 1,364. Pada kondisi dinamis, nilai FK untuk longsoran planar adalah 1,278, longsoran baji 2,220, dan longsoran guling 1,097. Analisis regresi linear menunjukkan hubungan yang sangat kuat antara koefisien seismik horizontal dan faktor keamanan pada ketiga jenis longsoran.

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Movement of soil or rock masses occurs due to an imbalance of forces on the slope, where the driving force exceeds the resisting force due to gravity and external forces such as earthquakes. This research was conducted on the rock slopes of Gunung Batu, Lembang District, located in the Lembang Fault zone. The study aims to analyze slope stability and the influence of earthquakes on this stability. Required data includes the orientation and condition of discontinuities, physical and mechanical properties, and peak ground acceleration. Kinematic and deterministic analyses are used to identify the potential and type of slope failure and the value of the safety factor (SF). Results indicate the potential for planar, wedge, and toppling landslides. The RMR value is 65, while the SMR is 100 for planar failure and 80.9 for wedge and toppling failure. Under static conditions, the SF values are 1.554 for planar, 2.506 for wedge, and 1.364 for toppling failures. Under dynamic conditions, the SF values are 1.278 for planar, 2.220 for wedge, and 1.097 for toppling failures. Linear regression analysis shows a very strong relationship between the horizontal seismic coefficient and safety factors for the three types of failure."

"Hutan mangrove atau yang biasa disebut bakau merupakan hutan yang mempunyai khasnya tersendiri karena jenis tumbuhan yang hanya bisa hidup di kawasan hutan yang merupakan daerah perbatasan antara daratan dan lautan. Pada sepanjang pesisir Indonesia terdapat berbagai tipe dari vegetasi seperti bakau atau mangrove. Dilansir dari media antara news, kondisi Mangrove di pesisir utara pulau jawa mengalami kerusakan diakibatkan oleh cuaca dan banjir rob. Pada tahun 2015 kawasan hutan mangrove di Kabupaten Brebes, Jawa Tengah yang dilansir oleh medcom.id mengalami kerusakan yang cukup parah akibat abrasi dan ulah manusia. Kerusakan hutan terjadi hampir merata di lima kecamatan yang ada di wilayah pantai utara (Pantura) barat. Untuk mengetahui perubahan luasan tutupan lahan mangrove di Pesisir Utara Kabupaten Brebes selama periode 1990 – 2020 yang diketahui melalui citra satelit Landsat dan mengidentifikasi penyebab dari pada perubahan luasan tutupan lahan mangrove di Pesisir Utara Kabupaten Brebes. Hasil dari penelitian perubahan dari luasan mangrove sangat fluktuatif perubahannya, Pada tahun 1990 luas keseluruhan tutupan lahan mangrove seluas 1763,42 ha, sedangkan penurunan signifikan terjadi pada tahun 2000 yang mana luas dari mangrove hanya 1125,73 ha. Pada dekade selanjutnya Kembali mengalami penurunan di tahun 2010 hanya seluas 1028,32 ha. Perubahan berbeda terjadi di tahun 2020 karena luas dari tutupan lahan mangrove naik signifikan dari tahun 2010, yaitu naik seluas 1466,57 ha.

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Mangrove forests or commonly called mangroves are forests that have their own characteristics because of the types of plants that can only live in forest areas which are border areas between land and sea. Along the Indonesian coast there are various types of vegetation such as mangroves or mangroves. Reporting from the media, Antara News, the condition of mangroves on the north coast of Java Island was damaged due to weather and tidal flooding. In 2015, the mangrove forest area in Brebes Regency, Central Java, which was reported by medcom.id, suffered quite severe damage due to abrasion and human activities. Forest damage occurs almost evenly in five sub-districts in the western north coast (Pantura) region. To determine changes in the area of mangrove land cover on the North Coast of Brebes Regency during the period 1990 - 2020 which is known through Landsat satellite imagery and identify the causes of changes in the area of mangrove land cover on the North Coast of Brebes Regency. The results of research on changes in the area of mangroves were very volatile. In 1990 the total area of mangrove land cover was 1763,42 ha, while a significant decrease occurred in 2000 where the area of mangroves was only 1125,73 ha. In the following decades, Return experienced a decline in 2010, only covering an area of 1028,32 ha. Different changes occurred in 2020 because the area of mangrove land cover increased significantly from 2010, which was an increase of 1466,57 ha."

"Nutrition become an important part that affect the quality of life. Malnutrition have a direct impact on growth disorders and immune system especially during the first two years of a child's life, and malnutrition in the long run effect on productivity in adulthood. This study aims to determine the minimum cost diet in the nutritional status of children 12-23 months in the north coast of Brebes District. The study design was cross sectional by processing the primary data are taken in five sub-district in May 2012 with a sample of as many as 296 samples. The results showed that more serious nutritional problems lead to stunting problems (47.9%) and underweight (37.4%). The results of bivariate analysis showed an association between energy and protein intake with nutritional status (length for age); energy intake, protein, carbohydrates, fats, and the diversity of foods with nutritional status (weight for age); gender, caregiver knowledge, energy intake, protein, carbohydrates, fats, food diversity and the minimum cost of a nutritious diet with nutritional status (weightfor length). Multivariate analysis of protein intake as a dominant factor related to the problem of stunting and underweight, and energy intake as the dominant factor associated with the problem of wasting in children 12-23 months. The results suggest that increased knowledge of the caregiver in terms of feeding through various channels of information is absolutely necessary."

"Pada lapangan panas bumi “X” Daerah Gunung Slamet, Kabupaten Tegal Jawa Tengah keterdapatan manifestasi berupa mata air panas yang kemunculan dan persebarannya mengikuti kelurusan struktur geologi berupa sesar normal dan sesar mendatar berorientasi baratlaut-tenggara. Sehingga dari kondisi geologi daerah penelitian yang menunjukkan adanya struktur yang dapat menjadi jalur fluida panas tersebut, batuan teralterasi beserta mineral ubahan sangat mungkin terbentuk didaerah ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi litologi, zona alterasi berdasarkan mineral alterasi yang terbentuk dan kaitan mineral alterasi dengan temperatur dan sifat fluida pembentukan mineral alterasi tersebut di daerah penelitian. Metode yang digunakan ialah analisis petrografi melalui sayatan tipis dan metode analisis difraksi sinar-X (X-ray Diffraction). Metode petrografi dilakukan guna mengidentifikasi keberadaan mineral teralterasi atau tidak teralterasi pada sampel sayatan tipis. Lalu, Metode XRD bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi lebih lanjut mengenai mineral alterasi yang terkandung yang sebelumnya tidak dapat teridentifikasi pada analisis petrografi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis petrografi batuan, litologi daerah penelitian tersusun atas batuan beku andesit, dan kristal tuf. Berdasarkan hasil analisa petrografi dan XRD pada sampel daerah penelitian dapat dibagi menjadi dua zona alterasi berdasarkan mineral alterasi yang ditemui, yaitu zona propilitik dan zona argilik. Pada zona argilik rentang temperatur keterbentukan mineral yaitu pada suhu 80-120°C. Sedangkan, zona alterasi propilitik memiliki rentang suhu keterbentukan mineral pada >250°C. Berdasarkan mineral alterasi yang ditemukan temperatur daerah penelitian terbagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok tingkat keasaman (pH) netral dan asam yang dicirikan dengan keberadaan mineral kaolinit.

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In the geothermal field "X" Slamet Mountain area, Tegal Regency, Central Java, there are manifestations in the form of hot springs whose appearance and distribution follow the alignment of geological structures in the form of normal faults and stike-slip faults oriented north west-south east. So that from the geological conditions of the research area that shows the existence of structures that can be a hot fluid path, alterated rocks and altered minerals are very likely to form in this area. This study was conducted to identify the lithology, alteration zones based on alteration minerals formed and the relationship of alteration minerals with temperature and fluid properties of the formation of alteration minerals in the study area. The methods used are petrographic analysis through thin section and X-ray diffraction analysis method. The petrographic method was used to identify the presence of altered or unaltered minerals in the thin section samples. Then, the XRD method aims to further identify the alteration minerals contained that could not previously be identified in the petrographic analysis. Based on the results of rock petrographic analysis, the lithology of the study area is composed of andesite igneous rocks, and tuff crystals. Based on the results of petrographic and XRD analysis on the samples of the study area can be divided into two alteration zones based on the alteration minerals found, namely the propylitic zone, and argillic. In the argillic zone, the temperature range for mineral formation is 80-120°C. Meanwhile, the propylitic alteration zone has a mineral formation temperature range of >250°C. Based on the alteration minerals found, the temperature of the research area is divided into two groups, namely neutral and acidic acidity (pH) groups which are characterized by the presence of the mineral kaolinite.

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Pinang Jawa (Pinanga javana Blume) merupakan spesies palem endemik Pulau Jawa.  Keberadaan Pinang Jawa diketahui terdistribusi di hutan dataran tinggi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan autekologi Pinang Jawa secara komprehensif.  Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di lereng selatan dan lereng timur Gunung Slamet. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan membuat plot berukuran 10x10 m berjumlah 183 plot.  Analisis data menggunaan analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif.  Analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk menjelaskan perkembangan pertumbuhan Pinang Jawa. Analisis untuk mengetahui pola penyebaran menggunakan perhitungan indeks Morisita.  Asosiasi pertumbuhan Pinang Jawa diketahui dengan perhitungan tabel kontingensi 2x2, uji Chi-square, dan indeks Jaccard. Analisis statistik diterapkan untuk pengujian faktor abiotik yang mempengaruhi kehadiran dan kerapatan Pinang Jawa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stuktur populasi Pinang Jawa didominasi oleh individu dewasa dengan kelas tinggi antara 6,1 – 8,1 m dan kelas diameter 7 – 8,9 cm. Pola penyebaran Pinang Jawa di Gunung Slamet yaitu menyebar berkelompok.  Berdasarkan pengamatan selama penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebaran Pinang Jawa secara alami dilakukan oleh musang hutan dengan banyak ditemukannya kotoran musang hutan yang terdiri atas biji Pinang Jawa.  Pertumbuhan Pinang Jawa diketahui tidak mempunyai asosiasi dengan tumbuhan lain.  Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan dan kerapatan Pinang Jawa dipengaruhi oleh kelerengan, ketebalan seresah, dan kelembaban udara.  Ancaman terhadap habitat Pinang Jawa diklasifikasikan berdasarkan faktor manusia dan alam.

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Pinang Jawa (Pinanga javana Blume) is an endemic palm species in Java. The existence of Pinang Jawa is known to be distributed in highland forests. This study aims to explain the autecology of Pinang Jawa in a comprehensive manner. The location of the study was carried out on the southern slope and the eastern slope of Mount Slamet. The data collection method uses a purposive sampling method by making 10x10 m plots totaling 183 plots. Data analysis uses qualitative and quantitative analysis. Descriptive analysis is used to explain the developmental growth of Pinang Jawa. Analysis to find out the distribution pattern using the Morisita index calculation. The Pinang Jawa growth association is known by the calculation of the 2x2 contingency table, the Chi-square test, and the Jaccard index. Statistical analysis was applied for testing abiotic factors that influence the presence and density of Pinang Jawa. The results showed that the structure of Pinang Jawa population was dominated by high-grade adult individuals between 6.1 - 8.1 m and diameter classes 7 - 8.9 cm. The pattern of the spread of Pinang Jawa on Mt. Slamet is spread in groups. Based on observations during the study showed that the spread of Pinang Jawa was naturally carried out by forest civet with many found civet feces of forest consisting of Pinang Jawa seeds. The growth of Pinang Jawa is known to have no association with other plants. The results of the statistical analysis show that the presence and density of Pinang Jawa is influenced by slope, litter thickness, and air humidity. Threats to Pinang Jawa habitat are classified based on human and natural factors.

 

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