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"Sjogrens syndrome merupakan gangguan autoimun yang menyerang kelenjar eksokrin seperti kelenjar saliva dan kelenjar konjungtiva dengan gejala umum berupa penurunan produksi saliva dan produksi cairan konjungtiva yang menyebabkan sensasi kering pada rongga mulut dan mata yang dapat berkembang menjadi karies gigi, infeksi rongga mulut, sensai terbakar pada mata hingga kerusakan kornea. Gejala yang ditimbulkan Sjogrens syndrome sering kali menyerupai manifestasi gangguan kesehatan lain, seperti infeksi. Sejauh ini terdapat beberapa agen infeksius yang memiliki manifestasi menyerupai gejala umum pada Sjogrens syndrome, antara lain infeksi yang disebabkan virus Hepatitis C, virus Epstein-Barr, cytomegalovirus, human T lymphotropic virus1 HTLV-1, dan kemungkinan infeksi bakteri Heliobacter pylori yang memiliki kemampuan untuk terdisposisi pada jaringan epitel gastrik pasca infeksi pertama dan menyebabkan inflamasi persisten serta kemampuan untuk mempengaruhi produksi anti SSA/SSB. Beberapa penelitian menyatakan bahwa infeksi persisten mampu memicu gangguan autoimun yang disebabkan oleh aktivasi sel T dan sel B secara terus menerus sebagai upaya eradikasi sel terinfeksi yang memicu reaksi autoimun dan peningkatan kadar sel imun autoreaktif berupa kerusakan sel sehat di sekitarnya. Pada hasil kajian kepustakaan ini menemukan bahwa infeksi persisten bukan faktor satu satunya yang memicu kejadian Sjogrens syndrome namun terdapat faktor lain yang memicu infeksi dapat berkembang menjadi Sjogrens syndrome.

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Sjogrens syndrome is an exocrine glands autoimmune disease, causing decreasing liquids production on salivary gland and conjunctiva with the common symtomps including dry eyes and dry mouth and later causing burn sensations on eyes, cornea destruction, dental caries and oral cavity infections. The symptoms often resemble general health problem, such as infection manifestation. This far, there are several infectious agents in which possibly caused similar diseases manifestation as Sjogrens syndrome, including infections of Hepatitis C virus, Epstein Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, human T lymphotropic virus-1 HTLV-1, which have the ability to caused persistent infection on salivary glands after the first infection and possibly Heliobacter pylori infection based on the increasing anti Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB on infected individuals. Some research states, persistent infection could trigger autoimmune disorders caused by continous T cells and B cells activation in an attempt to eradicate infected cells that is, but also triggered autoimmune response and increasing autoreactive cells consentration causing damage to healthy cells around the infected cells. However, the results in this literature study found persistent infection is not the only triggering factor of Sjogrens syndrome but there are other unknown factors that trigger infection can develop into Sjogrens syndrome."

"Background: Protein is one of the nutrients that teeth need during growth, maturation and, after eruption. Protein consists of plantprotein and animal protein. Plantprotein has the highest average percentage of daily protein consumption inIndonesia.Plantprotein is found in nuts, tofu, and tempeh. The content of food sources of plantprotein has many benefits that are good for oral health.At the age of 8-9 years permanent first molar teeth have erupted they can experience caries within 1-2 years after eruption because of their morphological and functional characteristics. In children, dental caries is one of the most frequent chronic infectious diseases occur and have close links with nutrition.While snacks may also contribute to oral health problems.Aim: To determine the relationship between the level of consumption of plant protein and cariogenic food with the occurrence of permanent dental first molar teeth in children aged 8-9 years in Central Jakarta. Methods: This study isa cross-sectional observational analytic study. The subjects of the study were 109 children aged 8-9 years who were studying State Primary School in Central Jakarta. Teeth examined for permanent first molar teeth that have been erupted. The measuring instrument used was a questionnaire and caries assessment using classification (ICDAS). Result:.The results of the study showed the frequency distribution of caries as follows; 1.8% caries free, 63.3% enamel caries, and 34.9% dentin-pulp caries. Meanwhile, consumption of vegetable protein with caries depth and consumption of snack foods with depth of caries both showed very weak correlation results (r = 0.00-0.199) and there was no statistically significant difference (P> 0.05).Conclusion: There is a very weak correlation between consumption of vegetable protein and snack food with the depth of caries in permanent first molars in children aged 8-9 years in Central Jakarta, and there is no statistically significant difference"

"Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan persepsi antara ortodontis dengan masyarakat awam serta pria dengan wanita dalam menilai hasil perawatan hipodonsia insisif lateral rahang atas bilateral. Metode penelitian: Bentuk, warna, dan tepi gingiva gigi insisif lateral rahang atas bilateral dimodifikasi secara digital sebagai simulasi hasil perawatan hipodonsia insisif lateral rahang atas bilateral. Ketiga foto hasil modifikasi dilampirkan pada kuesioner berbasis digital lalu dinilai oleh 100 ortodontis dan 100 masyarakat awam, terdiri dari 100 pria dan 100 wanita. Penilaian dilakukan dengan metode Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) dan uji statistik dilakukan dengan uji-t tidak berpasangan. Hasil: Perbedaan bermakna secara statistik ditemukan pada persepsi ortodontis dan masyarakat awam terhadap foto perawatan dengan substitusi kaninus tanpa rekonturing dan foto perawatan dengan protesa. Kesimpulan: Ortodontis dan masyarakat awam memiliki persepsi yang berbeda terhadap hasil perawatan hipodonsia insisif lateral rahang atas bilateral, sedangkan jenis kelamin tidak mempengaruhi persepsi terhadap hasil perawatan hipodonsia insisif lateral rahang atas bilateral.

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Objectives: This study aimed to compare the perception of Indonesian orthodontists and laypeople as well as men and women to the treatment of bilateral upper lateral incisor hypodontia. Methods: Shape, color, and gingival margin of bilateral upper lateral incisor were digitally modified as a simulation of bilateral upper lateral incisor hypodontia treatment result. Three modified photos were presented in a digital-based questionnaire and assessed by 100 orthodontists and 100 laypeople, consisting of 100 men and 100 women. The assessment was done using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and unpaired t-test was used to process the data. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the perception of orthodontists and laypeople to the treatment utilizing canine substitution without recontouring, along with the treatment using prosthesis. Conclusions: Orthodontists and laypeople have different perceptions to the treatment results of bilateral upper lateral incisor hypodontia, while gender does not affect the perception to the treatment results.

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"Latar belakang: Anak penyandang sindroma Down mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan, terutama kemampuan kognitifnya. Hal ini menyebabkan rendahnya pengetahuan terhadap kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Metodeedutainmentdapat digunakan sebagai pendekatan khusus dalam mengedukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak penyandang sindroma Down, menggunakan alat permainan edukatif busy book. Anak penyandang sindroma Down belajar dengan baik secara visual, oleh karena itu busy bookdapat dibuat sesuai dengan kondisi anak dalam memberikan edukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut Metode: Penelitian eksperimental klinis ini terdiri dari 30 anak penyandang sindroma Down dengan rentang usia 8-13 tahun; dengan 15 anak mendapatkan edukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut menggunakan busy book, dan 15 anak mendapatkan secara verbal konvensional. Rentang umur subjek dipilih setelah disesuaikan dengan mental anak normal usia prasekolah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di tujuh Sekolah Dasar Luar Biasa di DKI Jakarta dan Yayasan POTADS. Delta skor pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada anak penyandang sindroma Down pada kelompok busy bookdan kelompok verbal konvensional dianalisis perbedaannya menggunakan independent T-test(nilai p<0.05). Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara delta skor pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak penyandang sindroma Down melalui edukasi dengan busy bookdan verbal konvensional. Kesimpulan: Alat permainan edukatif busy bookdapat menjadi media pembelajaran efektif dalam mengedukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak penyandang sindroma Down.

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Introduction: Children with Down Syndrome are developmentally delayed particularly in cognitive ability, and it affects their oral health knowledge. An edutainment method can be used as special approach to educate them regarding the oral health knowledge, using the busy book. Down syndrome children has strength in visual memory, therefore the busy book has been customized for Down syndrome children to help them in learning the DHE.

Methods: This experimental clinical study included 30 Down Syndrome children (aged 8-13); 15 children had DHE using busy book (experiment group) and 15 children (control group) had conventional verbal DHE. The study was conducted in 7 special primary schools in Jakarta and POTADS foundation. This age range was chosen after adjustment of mental age of children without Down Syndrome. The scores of the dental health knowledge of children in experiment and control group were analysed and their differences measured using independent T-test (with p value <0.05)

Results: There is a statistically significant difference between delta score of dental health knowledge after DHE using busy book and after conventional verbal DHE (P<.05).

Conclusion: Busy book appears to be an effective learning tool for dental health education in Down Syndrome children."

"Anomali gigi merupakan gangguan tumbuh kembang yang umum dialami oleh penyandang sindroma Down, terdiri dari anomali jumlah, ukuran, bentuk dan struktur. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi frekuensi anomali gigi pada penyandang sindroma Down di Jakarta. Metode: Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional pada 174 penyandang sindroma Down usia 14 tahun ke atas yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil: Anomali jumlah hipodonsia 80.90 , supernumerari 6.74 dan kombinasi hipodonsia dan supernumerari 12.36 . Anomali ukuran mikrodonsia 98.81 dan makrodonsia 1.19 . Anomali bentuk fusi 66.675 dan talon cusp 33.33 . Anomali struktur hipoplasia enamel 70.83 , hipokalsifikasi enamel 12.50 , kombinasi hipoplasia dan hipokalsifikasi enamel 4.17 dan diskolorasi gigi 12.50. Kesimpulan: Penyandang sindroma Down di SLB C Jakarta menampilkan prevalensi anomali gigi yang cukup tinggi dengan hipodonsia dan mikrodonsia sebagai anomali paling sering terjadi serta menunjukkan kecenderungan pada laki-laki.

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Dental anomaly is a common developmental disorder experienced by people with Down syndrome consisting of number, size, shape and structure anomalies.

Aim: This research aims to describe the frequency distribution of number, size, shape and dental anomalies structure in people with Down syndrome aged 14 years and above in Jakarta.

Method: The method of this research is descriptive with cross sectional design done on 174 people with Down syndrome aged 14 years and above chosen with purposive sampling technique.

Result: Anomalies of number hypodontia 80.90, supernumerary 12.36 and combination of hypodontia and supernumerary 12.36. Anomalies of size microdontia 98.81 and macrodontia 1.19. Anomalies of shape fusion 66.67 and talon's cusp 33.33 Anomalies of structure enamel hypoplasia 70.83 , enamel hypocalcification 4.17, combination of enamel hypoplasia and hypocalcification 12.50 and tooth discoloration 12.50.

Conclusion: People with Down syndrome in SLB C Jakarta showed a high prevalence of dental anomalies with hypodontia and microdontia as the most common anomalies that have a tendency in boys."

"Sindrom nefrotik merupakan penyakit ginjal yang sering terjadi pada anak ditandai dengan proteinuria, hipoalbuminemia, dan edema. Pasien anak sindrom nefrotik dapat mengalami relaps yang dipicu oleh infeksi sebelumnya. Infeksi yang sering dilaporkan pada sindrom nefrotik adalah infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA). Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan ISPA dengan kejadian relaps pada anak dengan sindrom nefrotik. Desain penelitian ini adalah kasus-kontrol berpasangan mengamati apakah terdapat ISPA sebelum relaps pada sindrom nefrotik. Penelitian dilakukan di Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSCM pada bulan Mei-Desember 2015. Uji untuk mengetahui perbedaan proporsi pajanan ISPA antara sindrom nefrotik relaps dan remisi adalah z-test. Metode uji hipotesis digunakan McNemar dan rasio odds (RO) menggunakan program SPSS for Windows versi 20.0. Dengan menggunakan z-test 2 proporsi, terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara proporsi ISPA pada relaps vs kontrol (42,1 % vs 18,4 %; p=0,02). Uji hipotesis McNemar menunjukkan pajanan ISPA dan relaps pada sindrom nefrotik memiliki hubungan yang signifikan (p=0,049) dengan RO 3,25(IK 95% 1,06-9,97). Disimpulkan bahwa ISPA merupakan faktor risiko relaps pada anak dengan sindrom nefrotik.

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Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disease commonly found in children. This disease is characterized by proteinuria. In its natural course, some patients may experience relapse. Relapse in nephrotic syndrome can be triggered by previous infections. Respiratory tract infection (RTI) is frequently reported to occur in patients with relapse of nephrotic syndrome. This research aimed to investigate the association between RTI and relapse in nephrotic syndrome. This research was a matched case-control study that observed whether there was RTI before relapse of nephrotic syndrome. The research was done at Department of Child Health RSCM from May-December 2015. Z-test was used to investigate the difference of RTI exposure in relapse and remission. McNemar test was used to test the hypothesis and Odds Ratio (OR) was calculated with the program SPSS for Windows version 20.0. Using 2 proportions z-test, there was a significant difference between RTI in relapse patients vs control (42.1 % vs 18.4 %; p=0.02). McNemar hypothesis test for RTI exposure to relapse had a significant association (p=0.049) with OR 3.25(CI 95% 1.06-9.97). Therefore, RTI was a risk factor of relapse for pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome."

"Latar Belakang: Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2013 lebih dari seperempat penduduk Indonesia (25,9%) mempunyai masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan karies gigi sebagai masalah yang memiliki prevalensi tertinggi di angka 53,2%. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah plak gigi, yang dapat dihilangkan dengan perilaku menyikat gigi. Waktu menyikat gigi yang selama ini dianjurkan adalah setelah sarapan dan sebelum tidur. Namun, ditemukan kerugian dan ketidak efektifan dari waktu menyikat gigi tersebut, sehingga dibutuhkan waktu menyikat gigi lain yang dapat menghilangkan plak secara efektif. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan perlakuan menyikat gigi sebelum dan setelah makan terhadap derajat keasaman (pH) plak gigi sebagai faktor risiko karies. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Before-After Randomized Crossover Trial. Subjek penelitian adalah 20 mahasiswa/i FKG UI dengan rentang umur 19-22 tahun yang dipilih melalui metode purposive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan pH plak pada perlakuan menyikat gigi sebelum dan setelah makan. Perlakuan dilakukan sekali seminggu selama 2 minggu, dengan empat kali pengambilan data setiap perlakuannya, yaitu T0 (sebelum dilakukan perlakuan apapun/baseline), T1 (setelah makan/ setelah sikat gigi sebelum makan), T2 (setelah makan/ setelah sikat gigi setelah makan), dan T3 (setelah 6 jam). Subjek diambil sampel derajat keasaman (pH) plaknya menggunakan digital pH meter Horiba LAQUAtwin. Sample plak diambil di gigi 11-21 dengan menggunakan sample sheet sekali pakai. Hasil: Kedua kelompok sama-sama mengalami penurunan rata-rata pH plak setelah makan dan setelah enam jam paska perlakuan terakhir, serta mengalami kenaikan rata-rata pH plak setelah sikat gigi. Pada kelompok perilaku menyikat gigi sebelum makan rata-rata pH plak pada awal pemeriksaan adalah 7,32 dan turun menjadi 7,27 setelah 6 jam. Sedangkan pada kelompok perilaku menyikat gigi setelah makan rata-rata pH plak pada awal pemeriksaan yaitu 7,49 turun menjadi 7,41 setelah 6 jam. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara perlakuan menyikat gigi sebelum dan setelah makan terhadap pH plak.

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Background: According to the 2013 Basic Health Research, more than a quarter of Indonesia's population (25.9%) have dental and oral health problems, of which the highest prevalence is held by dental caries at the rate of 53,2%. One of the causes of caries is dental plaque which can be removed by tooth brushing. Most recommended time for tooth brushing is twice a day, after breakfast and before going to bed. However, the ineffectiveness of those brushing time is found. Therefore, the effective time to tooth brushing is needed. Objective: To determine the effect of before-eating tooth and after-eating tooth brushing on the hydrogen-ion concentration (pH) of dental plaque as caries risk factor. Methods: This study used the Before-After Randomized Crossover Trial approach. The research subjects were 20 FKG UI students with an age range of 19-22 years selected through a purposive sampling method. The study was conducted by comparing the pH of plaque to the treatment of tooth brushing before and after eating. The treatment is done once a week for 2 weeks, with four times data collections, there are T0 (before any treatment / baseline), T1 (after eating / after brushing before eating), T2 (after eating / after brushing after eating) , and T3 (after 6 hours). The subjects would be sampled the acidity degree (pH) of dental plaque using a digital pH meter called Horiba LAQUAtwin. Plaque samples were taken in teeth 11-21 using a disposable sheet sample. Results: Both groups experienced a decrease in the average pH of plaque after meals and after six hours, and experienced an increase in the average pH of plaque after brushing. In the group tooth brushing before eating the average pH of dental plaque at the beginning of the examination, which was 7.32, dropped to 7.27 after 6 hours. While in the group of brushing behavior after eating the average pH of plaque at the beginning of the examination, which was 7.49, dropped to 7.41 after 6 hours. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the treatment of tooth brushing before and after eating to the pH of plaque."

"Computer vision syndrome (CVS) adalah sindrom yang terjadi karena adanya interaksi mata yang berlebihan dengan komputer. Faktor risiko terkait individu, lingkungan, dan komputer dapat meningkatkan prevalensi CVS dan menyebabkan gejala visual dan ekstraokular pada mata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa hubungan antara faktor risiko individu, komputer, dan lingkungan dengan prevalensi CVS pada mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Komputer (Fasilkom) Universitas Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 109 mahasiswa reguler Fasilkom UI angkatan 2015-2018. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah stratified random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner online. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Prevalensi CVS diperoleh dari sampel sebanyak 36 mahasiswa (33%). Hasil uji bivariat antara faktor risiko dan CVS diperoleh sebagai berikut, riwayat penyakit mata (p= 0.25 OR= 1.76 CI 95%= 0.76-4.07), penggunaan kacamata (p=0.32 OR= 2.02 CI 95%= 0.71-3.91), jenis kelamin (p= 1.00 OR= 1.67 CI 95%= 0.45-2.29), postur duduk (p=0.27 OR 0.49 CI 95%= 0.76-3.82), usia (p=0.04 OR= 3.19), lama waktu per penggunaan komputer (p= 0.01 OR=1.76 CI 95%= 0.67-3.39), dan durasi penggunaan komputer per hari (p= 0.41 OR= 4.08 CI 95%= 1.42-11.7). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor risiko yang behubungan secara signifikan terhadap kejadian CVS adalah usia dan lama waktu per penggunaan komputer.

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Background: Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a syndrome that occur due to excessive interaction with computers. Individual, environmental, and computer related risk factors increase CVS prevalence and cause eyes, visual, and extraocular related symptoms. This research aims to observe the relation between risk factors and CVS prevalence in students of Computer Science Major in University of Indonesia. Methods: This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional study design. The study sample consisted of 109 regular 2015-2018 Fasilkom UI students. The sampling technique used is stratified random sampling. This study uses a research instrument in the form of an online questionnaire. The collected data was then analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis. Results: CVS prevalence was obtained from a sample of 36 students (33%). The bivariate test results between risk factors and CVS were obtained as follows, history of eye disease (p = 0.25 OR = 1.76 CI 95% = 0.76 to 4.07), use of glasses (p = 0.32 OR = 2.02 CI 95% = 0.71 to 3.91), gender (p = 1.00 OR = 1.67 CI 95% = 0.45 to 2.29), sitting posture (p = 0.27 OR 0.49 CI 95% = 0.76 to 3.82), age (p = 0.04 OR = 3.19), length of time per computer use (p = 0.01 OR = 1.76 CI 95% = 0.67 to 3.39), and the duration of computer use per day (p = 0.41 OR = 4.08 CI 95% = 1.42 to 11.7). Conclusion: Risk factors that significantly related to the CVS were age and the lenght of time per computer use."

"Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek aplikasi SDF pada anak usia 36-71 bulan dalam menghentikan karies aktif dan menurunkan faktor risiko karies. Sampel yang digunakan adalah anak-anak PAUD Rama-rama yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok secara acak: kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Skor karies dan pH plak anak diperiksa sebelum dan tiga bulan setelah dilakukan aplikasi SDF. Kuesioner ADA Caries Risk Assessment diisi oleh ibu subjek saat baseline. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada jumlah karies aktif dan pH plak anak kelompok perlakuan setelah dilakukan aplikasi SDF. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa SDF berpotensi efektif dalam menghentikan karies aktif gigi sulung dan menurunkan faktor risiko karies.

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The study aimed to assess the effect of SDF application to 36-71 months children in arresting active caries and decreasing caries risk factor. Samples were children at PAUD Rama-rama, randomly divided into two groups: control and intervention group. Caries score and plaque pH were examined before and three months after SDF application. ADA Caries Risk Assessment questionnaire was filled by subject’s mother. There were significant differences at number of active caries and plaque pH in intervention group after SDF application. It was concluded that SDF was potentially effective in arresting active caries on primary teeth and decreasing caries risk factor. rama randomly divided into two groups which are control and intervention group Teeth caries score and plaque pH were examined before and three months after SDF application ADA Caries Risk Assessment questionnaire was answered by subject rsquo s mother Result There were significant differences at number of active caries on decayed teeth p 0 000 mean SD 2 61 2 44 extracted teeth p 0 001 mean SD 1 10 2 80 and plaque pH p 0 008 mean SD 6 53 0 40 in control gorup compared to intervention group after SDF application Conclusion SDF was potentially effective in arresting active caries on primary teeth and decreasing caries risk factor."

"Pendahuluan: Pandemi Covid-19 menjadi risiko peningkatan kejadian Computer Vision Syndrome karena terjadinya perubahan lingkungan untuk bekerja maupun belajar. Hal ini terutama terjadi pada mahasiswa dengan latar belakang bukan dengan jurusan komputer. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian CVS pada mahasiswa tahun 2021. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan studi potong lintang (cross-sectional) dengan populasi mahasiswa S1 Reguler FKM UI angkatan 2018, 2019, dan 2020 dengan jumlah sampel 124 mahasiswa. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner online dengan media gform yang disebarkan pada bulan November 2021. Analisis univariat dilakukan untuk melihat frekuensi distribusi dari masing-masing variabel dan analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji chi-square untuk melihat hubungan secara statistik. Kemudian juga dimunculkan nilai odd ratio untuk melihat nilai kelompok yang memiliki risiko. Hasil: Kejadian CVS pada mahasiswa S1 Reguler FKM UI angkatan 2018, 2019, dan 2020 sebesar 87,1%. Dari hasil analisis hanya ditemukan satu variabel yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian CVS pada mahasiswa yaitu kelelahan emosional (p=0,004). Namun terdapat dua variabel yang menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya CVS yaitu kelelahan emosional (OR=5,465), durasi penggunaan komputer (OR=4,754). Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini terdapat satu variabel yang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian CVS pada mahasiswa dan terdapat dua variabel yang menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya CVS pada mahasiswa. Saran: Pihak kampus hendaknya memberikan informasi dengan melakukan promosi serta sosialisasi terkait kejadian CVS kepada seluruh civitas kampus terutama mahasiswa.

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Introduction: The changes of learning process from conventional method to online system during the Covid-19 pandemic has increased the occurance rate of Computer Vision Syndrome especially for non-computer majors students. Objectives: This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with CVS among university students in 2021. Methods: This research uses a cross-sectional study with the population of 124 students from Public Health Faculty regular program of Universitas Indonesia who are currently on their second to fourth year term. The data was collected through an online questionnaire using google form which was distributed on November 2021. Univariate analysis was carried out to see the frequency distribution of each variable and bivariate analysis was carried out using the chi-square test to see statistical relationships. In addition, the odd ratio value is used to measure the associate risk between independent and dependent variables. Results: The prevalance of CVS among the students was 87.1%. From the statistical analysis, there is only one variable that has significant relationship with CVS incident, which is burnout (p = 0.004). However, there are two variables that are found as risk factors for CVS, namely: 1) burnout (OR = 5,465); 2) computer duration use (OR = 4,754).Conclusion: There is one variable that has significant relationship with the incidence of CVS among students while there are two variables that are risk factors for CVS in students. Suggestion: The campus should provide more information related to CVS by conducting promotion and socialization for the entire campus community, especially towards students."