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"A rapid multiresidue method for the determination of 22 organochlorine pesticides and 7 polychlorinated biphenyl compounds as POPs contaminant was described. It involved the application of modified QuEChERS procedure followed by gas chromatography electron capture detector (GC ECD) analysis. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of the developed and validated method in fish tissue were 3 g/kg and 10 g/kg, respectively.The following validation parameters were within acceptable range: specificity and selectivity, linearity, accuracy and precision (at levels: 10, 15 and 50 g/kg, the recovery test values were between 70 and 120% and HorRat ≤2, except hexachlorobenzene and methoxychlor). The application of the method was verified by analyzing a total of 182 freshwater animal samples produced and collected in Thailand during 2017 2018. Detectable POPs residues were found in 1.6% (3 shrimp samples) of the animal samples. One of the positive samples was contaminated with pp DDE which was DDT metabolite (<10g/kg). Two shrimp samples presented residue of PCB52 congener (<10 and 30 g/kg). No sample had contamination higher than the extraneous maximum residue limit (EMRL) set by Ministry of Public Health of Thailand and Codex. Base on the most risky freshwater animal, primary risk assessment using shrimp daily intake of Thai population data has shown that DDT and PCB compounds contain in shrimp are unlikely to pose any health risk to Thai consumers."

"The freshwater clam, locally known as Pokea, (Batissa violacea var celebensis, von Martens 1897; Bivalvia: Corbulidae) is a popular and widely consumed food in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi. Despite its popularity, basic information required for conservation managenment, such as reproductive biology, is lacking. This study aims to examine the reproductive biology of the clam obtained from the Pohara River, Kendari. Pokea samples were collected monthly from February 2012 to January 2013. We recorded parameters of reproductive biology, including sex ratio, stage of gonadal maturity, gonadosomatic index (GSI), fecundity, and size of the first mature gonad from each sample. Data were analysed using chi-square test and linear regression in the package Sigma Plot v.6.0. Pokea population in the Pohara River was male-biased. The population spawns throughout the year and the peak spawning season was August-September. Mature gonad was found at small shell size (indicating early sexual maturity). Food availability might have influenced the gonadal development in Pokea. This baseline information is very relevant for conservation practices of Pokea population in the Pohara River."

"Many freshwater ecosystems are currently threatened by increasing salinity caused by both natural occurance human induced salinity."

"It starts with an introduction to the class ostracoda with a special focus on freshwater ostracods and highlights practical methods in their study. The systematic part includes an introduction to all families, identification keys for all subfamilies, genera and species, diagnoses for each subfamily and genus, and lists of synonyms and distribution of species. The text is richly illustrated with distribution maps, line drawings of key generic characteristics, and numerous SEM photographs. "

"Kurnia AI, Purwanto E, Mahajoeno E. 2010. Exposure copper heavy metal (Cu) on freshwater mussel (Anodonta woodiana) and its relation to Cu and protein content in the body shell. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 48-53. To determine the relationship of Cu exposure in water to the freshwater mussel exposure experiment is conducted with water containing Cu. Which measured the influence of Cu and protein content in the body shell. This study used the freshwater mussel species, Anodonta woodiana. Oysters were exposed for four weeks in the water with Cu concentration of 0.02 ppm, 0.04 ppm, 0.06 ppm and 0.00 ppm control. Cu content and protein content in the body shells are checked every week. Cu analysis was done by AAS method and the protein content using Kjeldahl method. Cu analysis showed elevated levels of Cu in mussel body after exposure. The pattern of increase in Cu content was not the same, where the pattern of the largest increases occurred after the fourth week. The statistical test showed no significant effect between the treatment with Cu accumulation in the body shell. Protein analysis showed an increase of protein content after exposure of the second week and decreased after the third and fourth weeks. The pattern of changes in protein content varied among the various treatments. The statistical test showed no significant effect between treatment with the protein changes in the body shell. Correlation test of the relationship between concentration of Cu in mussel body protein level showed a positive correlation between them with a fairly good level of relationship (correlation coefficient r =0.836). "

"Ikan tawar lele banyak dibudidayakan di Kota Depok. Selain karena kondisi fisik yang mendukung, budidaya ikan lele dinilai lebih mudah dan cepat bila dibandingkan dengan budidaya ikan air tawar lainnya. Luas kolam budidaya di Depok semakin menurun dari tahun 2005 - 2007, namun produksinya terus meningkat. Hal tersebut menandakan produktivitas yang meningkat pada periode tersebut.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola keruangan budidaya ikan air tawar lele di Kota Depok berdasarkan jarak dari hulu sungai. Sungai yang akan dianalisis adalah sungai Angke, Pesanggrahan dan Ciliwung. Kemudian akan dianalisis mengenai hubungan produtivitas dengan jarak dari hulu sungai dengan menggunakan analisis statistik dan keruangan. Selain itu akan dilihat pula kaitan produktivitas dengan teknologi budidaya ikan. Sehingga akan menghasilkan pola keruangan produktivitas budidaya ikan air tawar lele di Depok.Hasil yang didapat adalah semakin jauh jarak lokasi budidaya ikan lele dari hulu sungai, semakin kecil produktivitasnya. Dari tiga variabel teknologi pertanian, hanya variabel jenis pakan yang memiliki beda rata-rata produktivitas ikan lele yang signifikan. Variabel jenis pakan memiliki korelasi positif dengan produktivitas budidaya ikan lele.

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Many Freshwater Fish (Clarias sp.) has cultivated in Depok City. Beside supported by physical landscape which suitable for Clarias sp., Clarias sp. cultivation was easier dan faster to take care than another fish freshwater cultivation. The area of fishpond in Depok was decrease from 2005 until 2007, but the production was increase in the same period.

The goal of this reaserch is to know about spatial pattern of freshwater fish (Clarias sp.) cultivation productivity in Depok City which based on length from upper course of river. The river that will be analysis are Angke, Pesanggrahan, and Ciliwung. After that, will be analysed about correlation between productivity and length from upper course of river, with statistical and spatial analysis. The next step is will be analysed about correlation between productivity and freshwater fish cultivation technology.

The result of this research is more far the Clarias sp.cultivation location from upper course, the Clarias sp. productivity is more deacrease. From three freshwater fish cultivation technology variables, just feed variable that has positive correlation with productivity."

"[Udang kering adalah sumber daya alam Indonesia yang mudah diperoleh dan didugamengandung kalsium yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuikadar kalsium udang (Macrobrachium sp.) dan pengaruh metode preparasi (ovendan non oven) dan isolasi (pengocokan, digesti asam, dan pengabuan) terhadappengukuran kadar kalsium menggunakan AAS dan ISE. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan kadar kalsium tertinggi diperoleh dengan metode isolasi digesti asam,yaitu 7.749 ppm (oven) dan 8.853 ppm (non oven). Terdapat perbedaan hasilpengukuran kalsium antar metode preparasi dan antar metode isolasi. Metodepreparasi berkorelasi kuat dengan hasil pengukuran kalsium. (r2=0,878; p<0,05);Dried shrimps is one of Indonesia?s natural resources which easily obtained andassumed to contain high calcium. This research aims to know the calcium level inMacrobrachium sp. and the effects of preparation (oven and non oven) and isolation(dilution, acid digestion, and ashing) methods in calcium level measurement by AASand ISE. Results showed that the highest calcium level was obtained by aciddigestion isolation which are 7,749 ppm (oven) and 8,853 ppm (non oven). Therewere calcium level differences between preparation methods, and among isolationmethods. Preparation methods have strong correlation with calcium levelmeasurement. (r2=0.878, p<0.05), Dried shrimps is one of Indonesia’s natural resources which easily obtained andassumed to contain high calcium. This research aims to know the calcium level inMacrobrachium sp. and the effects of preparation (oven and non oven) and isolation(dilution, acid digestion, and ashing) methods in calcium level measurement by AASand ISE. Results showed that the highest calcium level was obtained by aciddigestion isolation which are 7,749 ppm (oven) and 8,853 ppm (non oven). Therewere calcium level differences between preparation methods, and among isolationmethods. Preparation methods have strong correlation with calcium levelmeasurement. (r2=0.878, p<0.05)]"