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"In 19th century, the condition of subordinate women in America triggered them to fight for their equality. This movement has expanded to become an international movement along with the development of transportation and telecommunications in America-Europe. Starting from this, the Women International Non-Governmental Organization (WINGO) was formed as an association of the international women's movement. The International Council of Women (ICW) is the first WINGO in the world formed in 1888, Washington D.C. Throughout its history, ICW has worked for women`s equality in the international scope through League of Nations and the United Nations. One of them was in the making of the first women's international conference, which is International Women`s Year (IWY) Conference 1975 with `Equality, Development and Peace` as the theme of conference. Through a series of historical methods, this research aims to explain the progress of ICW in the terms of fighting for equality through the process of making the IWY agenda that was adopted in 1972 until the IWY Conference in 1975, also the impact of IWY Conference on the interests of ICW and international women's movement. There has been some research on the IWY Conference, but there is no research that has been made specifically discussing about the role of ICW in the conference. The results of this research indicate that ICW has an important role in shaping the equality agenda at the IWY Conference which was apparently supported by the Cold War political interests behind it.

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In 19th century, the condition of subordinate women in America triggered them to fight for their equality. This movement has expanded to become an international movement along with the development of transportation and telecommunications in America-Europe. Starting from this, the Women International Non-Governmental Organization (WINGO) was formed as an association of the international women`s movement. The International Council of Women (ICW) is the first WINGO in the world formed in 1888, Washington D.C. Throughout its history, ICW has worked for women`s equality in the international scope through League of Nations and the United Nations. One of them was in the making of the first women`s international conference, which is International Women`s Year (IWY) Conference 1975 with `Equality, Development and Peace` as the theme of conference. Through a series of historical methods, this research aims to explain the progress of ICW in the terms of fighting for equality through the process of making the IWY agenda that was adopted in 1972 until the IWY Conference in 1975, also the impact of IWY Conference on the interests of ICW and international women`s movement. There has been some research on the IWY Conference, but there is no research that has been made specifically discussing about the role of ICW in the conference. The results of this research indicate that ICW has an important role in shaping the equality agenda at the IWY Conference which was apparently supported by the Cold War political interests behind it."

"ABSTRAKTujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauhmana peranan kegiatan PKK melalui program-programnya dalam meningkatkan peranan wanita baik dalam lingkungan keluarga maupun lingkungan masyarakat, khususnya di desa transmigrasi Sungai Bahar XVI Jambi. Kaum wanita di daerah transmigrasi menghadapi banyak masalah terutama dalam menghadapi lingkungan barunya yang berbeda secara fisik maupun budaya, sementara mereka dituntut untuk. berperan aktif dalam kegiatan pembangunan di tempat mereka yang baru. Untuk membantu wanita memperingan permasalahan yang mereka hadapi, Departemen Transmigrasi mengadakan pembinaan kegiatan PKK di daerah transmigrasi. Pelaksanaan pembinaan kegiatan PKK di lokasi transmigrasi ini juga dimaksudkan sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan peran wanita, sehingga keberhasilan gerakan PKK adalah juga keberhasilan peningkatan peran wanita. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di desa Sungai Bahar XVI yang dipilih secara purposif dari kawasan transmigrasi Sungai Bahar di Kecamatan Mestong. Yang dijadikan sampel penelitian adalah ibu rumah tangga yang tinggal menetap di lokasi tersebut, yang dipilih secara acak, sebesar 10% yaitu sebanyak 50 sampel. Setelah itu dipilih empat orang ibu yang dijadikan sebagai contoh kasus: dua orang ibu yang aktif dalam kegiatan PKK dan dua orang ibu yang tidak aktif. Selain itu ditambah dengan Kepala Unit Pemukiman beserta stafnya dan Kepala Desa juga beserta stafnya sebagai informan pangkal. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dimana data dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan dan wawancara. Disamping itu digunakan juga pengumpulan data yang bersifat kuantitatif dengan kuesioner. Data kuantitatif ini dipakai sebagai data dasar untuk mendukung data yang bersifat kualitatif. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya kegiatan PKK, wanita juga mulai berkiprah di sektor publik dan semakin mantap dalam peran domestik mereka. Bagi sebagian besar responden (S60), PKK tidaklah menjadi beban, bahkan bisa memperingan beban psikologis dalam menghadapi permasalahan dan kesulitan di lokasi yang serba baru. Disarankan agar para ibu anggota PKK dimotivasi untuk memikirkan aktivitas atau keterampilan yang mereka sukai dan ingin kuasai, kemudian mempelajari bagaimana mencari bahan-bahannya dan orang yang bisa mengajar mereka. Dengan inisiatif sendiri diharapkan mereka akan lebih cepat mandiri dan bisa lebih berperan baik di sektor domestik maupun public. "