Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"In 19th century, the condition of subordinate women in America triggered them to fight for their equality. This movement has expanded to become an international movement along with the development of transportation and telecommunications in America-Europe. Starting from this, the Women International Non-Governmental Organization (WINGO) was formed as an association of the international women's movement. The International Council of Women (ICW) is the first WINGO in the world formed in 1888, Washington D.C. Throughout its history, ICW has worked for women`s equality in the international scope through League of Nations and the United Nations. One of them was in the making of the first women's international conference, which is International Women`s Year (IWY) Conference 1975 with `Equality, Development and Peace` as the theme of conference. Through a series of historical methods, this research aims to explain the progress of ICW in the terms of fighting for equality through the process of making the IWY agenda that was adopted in 1972 until the IWY Conference in 1975, also the impact of IWY Conference on the interests of ICW and international women's movement. There has been some research on the IWY Conference, but there is no research that has been made specifically discussing about the role of ICW in the conference. The results of this research indicate that ICW has an important role in shaping the equality agenda at the IWY Conference which was apparently supported by the Cold War political interests behind it.

---

In 19th century, the condition of subordinate women in America triggered them to fight for their equality. This movement has expanded to become an international movement along with the development of transportation and telecommunications in America-Europe. Starting from this, the Women International Non-Governmental Organization (WINGO) was formed as an association of the international women`s movement. The International Council of Women (ICW) is the first WINGO in the world formed in 1888, Washington D.C. Throughout its history, ICW has worked for women`s equality in the international scope through League of Nations and the United Nations. One of them was in the making of the first women`s international conference, which is International Women`s Year (IWY) Conference 1975 with `Equality, Development and Peace` as the theme of conference. Through a series of historical methods, this research aims to explain the progress of ICW in the terms of fighting for equality through the process of making the IWY agenda that was adopted in 1972 until the IWY Conference in 1975, also the impact of IWY Conference on the interests of ICW and international women`s movement. There has been some research on the IWY Conference, but there is no research that has been made specifically discussing about the role of ICW in the conference. The results of this research indicate that ICW has an important role in shaping the equality agenda at the IWY Conference which was apparently supported by the Cold War political interests behind it."

"Indonesia merupakan negara hukum (Rechtsstaat), dengan karakteristik adanya penghormatan terhadap hak asasi manusia (HAM).Salah satu ciri dari negara hukum adalah adanya persamaan hak-hak perempuandengan laki-laki dalam bidang apapun termasuk bidang politik. Bahkan hak-hak perempuan secara jelas diatur dalam Pasal 27 ayat (1) dan ayat (2) Undang-Undang Dasar Tahun 1945 yang memuat persamaan hak dan pendekatan non diskriminasi bagi laki-laki dan perempuan baik dalam hukum dan pemerintahan maupun akses terhadap lapangan pekerjaan yang layak. Oleh karena perempuan adalah warga negara yang mempunyai hak politik sebagimana laki-laki.Data menunjukkan partisipasi dan keterwakilan perempuan di bidang politik sangat kecil khususnya di Legislatif.Hal ini disebabkan karena adnaya diskriminasi. Diskriminasi terhadap perempuan itu menyebabkan keadilan dan kesetaraan dibidang politik dengan menggunakan prinsip “tindakan khusus sementara”, seperti yang tertuang dalam pasal 28H ayat (2) Undang-Undang Dasar Tahun 1945 yang menyatakan “ setiap orang berhak mendapatkan kemudahan dan perlakuan khusus untuk memperoleh kesempatan dan manfaat yang sama guna mencapai persamaan keadilan”. Tindakan khusus sementara ini dapat dilihat dalam upaya peningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas sumber daya manusia, peningkatan keterwakilan dalam posisi strategis pada kekuasan, partisipasi penuh dalam proses pengambilan keputusan dan sinergitas.

---

Indonesia is the legal state (Rechtsstaat) that has high respect of human rights. One characteristic of the legal state is the equality between women and men in all sectors including the political one. Definitely women's rights is provided for in the Article 27 paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution which includes equal rights and non-discrimination approach between men and women before the law and government as well as employment access. In other words, women are citizens who have political rights equal to men's rights. The data indicate that the participation and representation of women in the political sector is tremendously low particularly in the Legislature. It relates to discrimination. The discrimination against women results in justice and equality in the political sector by using the principle of "temporary special measures", as set out in the Article 28H Paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution. The article states "every person should be entitled to special treatment and to have the opportunity and the same benefits to achieve equality of justice ". The temporary special measures can be shown in the effort of enhancing the quantity and quality of human resources, higher representation in strategic position in the power, full participation in the decision-making process and synergy."