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"ABSTRACTTujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sistem pemolesan terhadap perubahan warna resin komposit mikrohibrida setelah perendaman dalam larutan Luwakwhite coffee. Material dan Metode Penelitian: Dalam penelitian ini digunakan empat puluh dua spesimen berdiameter 6 mm dan tebal 2 mm yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok dengan 2 bahan yang berbeda yaitu G-aenial PosteriorTM dan Filtek Z250TM dipoles menggunakan Sof-Lex disc SuperfineTM, PoGo, dan tidak dipoles. Spesimen di polimerisasi menggunakan LED Curing Unit dengan irradiansi 700 mW/cm2 (LED Max Hilux) selama 20 detik. Setelah dipoles, spesimen direndam dalam larutan Luwak white coffee selama 7 hari. Perubahan warna diukur menggunakan colorimeter NH310 (Shenzhen 3NH) dengan sistem warna CIE Lab. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Statistik One-Way Anova Test. Hasil: Setelah dipoles, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) pada nilai I E1 dan nilai I a1, namun untuk nilai I L1 dan nilai I b1 tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Setelah perendaman dalam larutan Luwakwhite coffee, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) pada nilai I E2, nilai I b2. Sedangkan, nilai I L2 hampir terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada seluruh kelompok, kecuali G-aenial PosteriorTM yang tidak dipoles dengan Filtek Z250TM yang tidak dipoles, Filtek Z250TM yang tidak dipoles dengan Filtek Z250TM yang dipoles menggunakan Sof-LexTM Superfine, dan G-aenial PosteriorTM yang dipoles menggunakan Sof-LexTM Superfine dengan Filtek Z250TM yang dipoles menggunakan Sof-LexTMSuperfine serta nilai I a2 hampir terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada seluruh kelompok, kecuali Filtek Z250TM yang tidak dipoles dengan Filtek Z250TM yang dipoles menggunakan PoGo. Kesimpulan: Sistem pemolesan yang berbeda dapat mempengaruhi nilai perubahan warna resin komposit mikrohibrida. Pemolesan menggunakan PoGo menghasilkan perubahan warna paling kecil. Filtek Z250TM memiliki perubahan warna terkecil setelah perendaman dalam larutan Luwak white coffeeselama 7 hari.

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ABSTRACTObjectives: This study aims to analyze the influence of polishing systems on color change of microhybrid composite resin after immersion in Luwak white coffee solution.Material and Methods: In this study, fourty two specimens, 6 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick, were divided into six groups with different composite types, that is G-aenial PosteriorTM and Filtek Z250TM, polished with Sof-Lex disc SuperfineTM, PoGo and unpolished. The specimens are polymerized for 20 seconds using a 700 mW/cm2irradiance LED curing unit (LED Max Hilux). After polishing, the specimens are immersed in Luwak white coffee solution for 7 days. The color change is measured using a colorimeter NH310 (Shenzhen 3NH) with the CIE Lab color system. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA test. Results: After polishing, there were statistically significant differences (p<0,05) between the I E1 and I a1 groups. However, statistically significant differences were not found between the I L1 and I b1 groups. After immersed in Luwak white coffee, there were statistically significant differences (p<0,05) between the I E22 and I b1 groups. Meanwhile, almost all of the I L2 groups showed a significant increase, except for G-aenial PosteriorTM unpolished with Filtek Z250TM unpolished, Filtek Z250TM unpolished with Filtek Z250TM polished using Sof-LexTMSuperfine, G-aenial PosteriorTM polished using Sof-LexTM Superfine with Filtek Z250TMpolished using Sof-LexTM Superfine and I a2 groups showed a significant increase, except Filtek Z250TM unpolished with Filtek Z250TM polished using PoGo. Conclusions:It was concluded that different polishing systems affect color change of the microhybrid composite resins. Polishing with PoGo produces the smallest color change. Filtek Z250TM was determined to have the smallest color change after immersion in Luwak white coffee for 7 days."

"Latar Belakang: Perendaman resin komposit nanohibrid dan mikrohibrid di dalam jus berbagai buah menunjukkan perubahan warna total (ΔE) lebih gelap, namun tidak disertai dengan nilai-nilai komponen warna yang lain, yaitu kecerahan (L*), kroma merah-hijau (a*), dan kroma kuning-biru (b*). G-aenial Anterior merupakan resin komposit mikrohibrid dengan estetika berkualitas tinggi. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh perendaman resin komposit nanohibrid dan mikrohibrid G-aenial Anterior dalam larutan-larutan yang mengandung klorofil, bit, dan kolagen terhadap perubahan warna total (ΔE), kecerahan (ΔL), kroma merah-hijau (Δa), dan kroma kuning-biru (Δb). Metode: Spesimen (21spesimen) dipersiapkan dengan memolimerisasi resin komposit nanohibrid dan mikrohibrid G-aenial Anterior selama 20 detik dengan iradiansi 1000 mW/cm2 untuk masing-masing jenis resin komposit. Spesimen dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok, masing-masing kelompok dilakukan perendaman selama 7 hari dengan setiap larutan-larutan klorofil, bit, atau kolagen. Pengukuran warna dilakukan dengan menggunakan kolorimeter CIE untuk menghasilkan L*a*b*. Perubahan warna spesimen yang dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah perendaman menghasilkan ΔL, Δa, Δb dan ΔE dengan perhitungan dari rumus CIE. Signifikasi perbedaan warna spesimen sebelum (L*1; a*1; b*1) dan sesudah (L*2; a*2; b*2) setelah dilakukan perendaman dilakukan dengan uji t-test. Signifikansi perbedaan perubahan warna ΔL, Δa, Δb, dan ΔE setelah perendaman antar larutan atau antar resin komposit dilakukan dengan Uji One-Way ANOVA. Signifikansi perbedaan data yang homogen (ΔL dan Δb) menggunakan post hoc Bonferroni sedangkan data yang heterogen (Δa dan ΔE) menggunakan post hoc Tamhane. Hasil: Resin komposit nanohibrid dan mikrohibrid G-aenial Anterior setelah perendaman di dalam larutan klorofil, bit, dan kolagen memberi perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) antara L*1-L*2 dan b*1-b*2 yang signifikan (p<0,05). Resin komposit nanohibrid dan mikrohibrid G-aenial Anterior setelah perendaman di dalam larutan klorofil memberi ΔL kurang cerah (p<0,05), Δa semakin kehijauan (p<0,05), Δb semakin kekuningan (p<0,05) dan ΔE> 3,3. Setelah perendaman resin komposit di dalam larutan bit, terlihat ΔL kurang cerah (p<0,05), Δa semakin kemerahan (p<0,05), Δb semakin kekuningan (p<0,05),dan nilai ΔE>3,3. Setelah perendaman resin komposit dalam larutan kolagen, ΔL kurang cerah, Δa semakin kemerahan, dan Δb kekuningan, yang mana perubahan kurang signifikan; dan nilai ΔE<1. Kesimpulan: Perendaman spesimen di dalam larutan klorofil, bit, dan kolagen menurunkan kecerahan dan meningkatkan warna kekuningan. Larutan klorofil menampilkan perubahan warna lebih kehijauan, sedangkan, larutan bit dan kolagen menyebabkan perubahan warna lebih kemerahan. Namun, perubahan warna oleh larutan kolagen kurang signifikan. Perendaman spesimen di dalam larutan klorofil, bit menampilkan ΔE di luar kisaran batas perubahan warna.

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Background: Immersion of nanohybrid and microhybrid composite resins in various fruit juices showed a darker total color change (ΔE), but was not accompanied by other color component values, namely brightness (L*), red-green chroma (a*), and yellow-blue chroma (b*). G-aenial Anterior is a microhybrid composite resin with high quality aesthetics. Objective: To analyze the effect of immersion of nanohybrid and microhybrid composite resins G-aenial Anterior in solutions containing chlorophyll, beetroot, and collagen on total color changes (ΔE), brightness (ΔL), red-green chroma (Δa), and yellow-blue chroma (Δb). Method: Specimens (21 specimens) were prepared by polymerizing nanohybrid and microhybrid composite resins G-aenial Anterior for 20 seconds with an irradiance of 1000 mW/cm2 for each type of composite resin. The specimens were divided into 3 groups, each group was soaked for 7 days with each chlorophyll, beetroot, or collagen solution. Color measurements were performed using a CIE colorimeter to produce L*a*b*. The color changes of the specimens before and after immersion produced ΔL, Δa, Δb and ΔE with calculations from the CIE formula. The significance of the color differences of the specimens before (L*1; a*1; b*1) and after (L*2; a*2; b*2) after immersion was performed using the t-test. The significance of the differences in color changes ΔL, Δa, Δb, and ΔE after immersion between solutions or between composite resins was performed using the One-Way ANOVA Test. The significance of the differences in homogeneous data (ΔL and Δb) used the Bonferroni post hoc while the heterogeneous data (Δa and ΔE) used the Tamhane post hoc. Results: Nanohybrid and microhybrid composite resin G-aenial Anterior after immersion in chlorophyll, beetroot, and collagen solution gave significant differences (p<0.05) between L*1-L*2 and b*1-b*2 which were significant (p<0.05). Nanohybrid and microhybrid composite resin G-aenial Anterior after immersion in chlorophyll solution gave ΔL less bright (p<0.05), Δa more greenish (p<0.05), Δb more yellowish (p<0.05) and ΔE> 3.3. After immersion of the composite resin in beetroot solution, ΔL was less bright (p<0.05), Δa more reddish (p<0.05), Δb more yellowish (p<0.05), and ΔE>3.3. After immersion of composite resin in collagen solution, ΔL was less bright, Δa was more reddish, and Δb was yellowish, which were less significant changes; and the ΔE value <1. Conclusion: Immersion of specimens in chlorophyll, beetroot, and collagen solutions decreased brightness and increased yellowish color. Chlorophyll solution displayed a more greenish color change, while beetroot and collagen solutions caused a more reddish color change. However, the color change by collagen solution was less significant. Immersion of specimens in chlorophyll, beetroot solutions displayed ΔE outside the range of color change limits."

"Latar Belakang: Resin komposit single-shade merupakan resin komposit yang dapat menghasilkan warna menyerupai berbagai shade gigi tanpa tambahan pigmen. Resin komposit single-shade tetap memiliki potensi perubahan warna saat terpapar zat pewarna. Teh hitam dan oolong memiliki kadar tanin yang dapat mempengaruhi stabilitas warna resin komposit. Maka, dilakukan pengujian perubahan warna resin komposit single-shade setelah perendaman dalam larutan teh hitam dan oolong. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan perubahan warna antara resin komposit single-shade yang direndam dalam larutan teh hitam dan oolong. Metode: Spesimen resin komposit single-shade dan konvensional nanohybrid (n = 42) dibagi ke dalam 6 kelompok, kemudian direndam dalam larutan teh hitam dan oolong selama 24 jam/hari dalam waktu 7 hari. Pengukuran perubahan warna dilakukan dengan colorimeter. Hasil: Perendaman dalam larutan teh hitam menghasilkan perubahan warna yang tidak sesuai pada resin komposit single-shade. Terdapat perbedaan perubahan warna signifikan antara resin komposit konvensional dalam kedua larutan teh, serta antara resin komposit single-shade dalam kedua larutan teh (p < 0.05). Kesimpulan: Perendaman resin komposit dalam teh hitam atau oolong menyebabkan perubahan warna resin komposit konvensional dan single-shade. Teh hitam menyebabkan perubahan warna lebih besar dibandingkan teh oolong pada kedua jenis resin komposit.

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Single-shade composite resin is a composite resin that produces various teeth shades without additional pigments. Single-shade composite resin still has its color change potential when exposed to colorants. Black and oolong tea possess tannin contents that influence composite resin’s color stability. Therefore, single-shade resin composite’s color change was evaluated after its immersion in black and oolong tea solutions. Objective: To determine color change difference of single-shade composite resin after its immersion in black and oolong tea solutions. Methods: Single-shade and conventional nanohybrid composite resin specimens (n = 42) were divided into 6 groups, then immersed in black and oolong tea solutions for 24 hours/day for 7 days. Color change measurements were taken with a colorimeter. Results: Immersion in black tea resulted in unacceptable color change in single-shade composite resin. Significant difference in color change was found between conventional composite resin immersed in black and oolong tea, and between single-shade composite resin immersed in black and oolong tea (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Black and oolong tea immersion causes color change in conventional and single-shade composite resins. Black tea causes larger color change compared to oolong tea in both composite resins."

"Latar belakang: Mode penyinaran pulsa merupakan alternatif dari mode penyinaran kontinu untuk mempolimerisasi resin komposit. Saat ini resin komposit nanofil dan bulkfil merupakan material restorasi yang memerlukan surface gloss yang baik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan estetik. Surface gloss dapat dipengaruhi oleh penyinaran. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisa pengaruh penyinaran mode kontinu dan pulsa terhadap surface gloss resin komposit nanofil dan bulkfil segera dan setelah satu hari. Metode: Spesimen resin komposit nanofil dan bulkfil disinar menggunakan mode kontinu atau pulsa beriradiansi 900 mW/cm2 selama 20 detik. Lalu dilakukan pengujian surface gloss segera setelah penyinaran. Kemudian spesimen disimpan selama satu hari dan dilakukan pengujian surface gloss kembali. Hasil: Surface gloss yang dihasilkan oleh mode penyinaran kontinu dan pulsa tidak bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05). Resin komposit nanofil menghasilkan surface gloss lebih rendah daripada bulkfil, berbeda bermakna (p=0,00). Segera setelah penyinaran menghasilkan surface gloss lebih tinggi daripada setelah satu hari tidak bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini surface gloss tidak dipengaruhi oleh mode penyinaran kontinu dan pulsa serta perbedaan waktu segera dan setelah satu hari. Namun terdapat pengaruh jenis resin komposit, nanofil menghasilkan surface gloss lebih rendah dari yang dihasilkan bulkfil.

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Background: Pulse is an alternative of continuous light-curing mode to polymerize composite resin. Currently, nanofill and bulk-fill are restorative materials that require good gloss surface to meet aesthetic needs. Surface gloss can be obtained by irradiation.

Aim: To analyze influence of continuous and pulse light-curing mode on surface gloss of nanofill and bulk-fill immediately after irradiation and after one day.

Method: Nanofill and bulk-fill specimens were irradiated using continuous or pulse light-curing mode with irradiance of 900 mW/cm2 for 20 seconds. Then surface gloss test is carried out immediately after irradiation. Then the specimens were water-stored for one day and then tested their surface gloss again.

Result: Surface gloss produced by continuous and pulse light-curing mode were not statistically different (p>0,05). Nanofill produced lower surface gloss than bulk-fill, statistically significant (p=0,00). Immediately after irradiation, resulting surface gloss were higher than after one day, not statistically significant (p>0,05).

Conclusion: In this experiment, surface gloss was not affected by continuous and pulse light-curing mode as well as the time difference immediately and after one day. However, there is an influence on the type of composite resin, where nanofill produced lower surface gloss than bulk-fill."

"The aim of this study was to examine defect depths and volumes at the resin composite-dentin (R/D) interface after air polishing with different particles and spray angles. Samples were 54 dentin specimens that were formed in saucer-shaped cavities filled with resin composite. Each specimen was air polished with either sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or one of two glycine (Gly) powders. The air polisher was set at angles of 90° to the interface and at 45° to the interface from both the dentin and resin composite sides. Air polishing with Gly powder produced defects with less depth and volume than NaHCO3 powder (p < 0.05). Air polishing with a spray angle of 45° to the interface from the resin composite side produced fewer defects (p < 0.05) than polishing from the dentin side. Air polishing to the R/D interface from the resin composite side produced fewer defects to the interface because the hardness of the resin composite was higher than that of dentin. "

"Latar Belakang: Perawatan restorasi resin komposit nanofilled dan nanohybrid memerlukan prosedur pemolesan untuk mengurangi tingkat kekasaran permukaan sehingga permukaan halus dan mengkilap. Tujuan: Membandingkan kekasaran permukaan resin komposit nanofilled dan nanohybrid setelah pemolesan menggunakan teknik multiple-step. Metode: 40 spesimen resin komposit yang dibagi ke dalam 2 kelompok 20 spesimen nanofilled Filtek Z350XT A dan 20 spesimen nanohybrid Filtek Z250XT B dipersiapkan kemudian dipoles. Setelah direndam dalam saliva buatan selama 24 jam, tingkat kekasaran permukaan diukur dengan surface roughness tester. Hasil: Hasil rerata tingkat kekasaran permukaan beserta standar deviasi kelompok A adalah 0,0967 m 0,0174 sedangkan kelompok B adalah 0,1217 m 0,0244. Secara statistik p=0,05 terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kekasaran permukaan resin komposit nanofilled setelah pemolesan dengan teknik multiple-step lebih baik dibandingkan dengan nanohybrid.

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Background: Restorative treatment using nanofilled and nanohybrid composite should be finished and polished to reduce surface roughness and create smoother surface of the composite.

Objective: To compare the surface roughness nanofilled and nanohybrid composite resin after polishing using multi step technique.

Method: 40 composite resin specimens were divided into 2 groups 20 nanofilled specimens Filtek Z350XT A and 20 nanohybrid specimens Filtek Z250XT B was prepared and then polished. After immersion in artificial saliva for 24 hours, the surface roughness is measured with a surface roughness tester.

ResultL The mean surface roughness results along with standard deviation of group A is 0,0967 m 0,0174 while group B is 0,1217 m 0,0244. Statistically with p 0.05 , there are significant differences between each group.

Conclusion: Surface roughness of nanofilled composite resin after polishing with multiple step technique is better than nanohybrid."

"ABSTRAKTujuan:Mengetahui pengaruh larutan teh hijau terhadap perbedaan perubahan warnaresin komposit berbasis silorane dan methacrylate.Metode:Tiga puluh resinkomposit berbasis silorane dan methacrylate6x2mm dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok laludirendam larutan teh hijau dengan konsentrasi 1%, 2%, dan 3%. Pengukuran warnadilakukan berdasarkan teori CIE* Lab dan dianalisis menggunakan Uji one-wayanova &Uji t tidak berpasangan.Hasil:Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara nilaiΔE* kedua jenis resin komposit setelah perendaman (p<0,05). Nilai ΔE* resinkomposit berbasis siloranelebih tinggi.Kesimpulan:Perubahan warnatertinggiterdapat pada resin komposit berbasis silorane yang direndam larutan tehhijau 3%(ΔE= 3,85).

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ABSTRACTObjective:To investigate theeffect ofgreen tea solutionon color changeofsiloraneandmethacrylatebased composite resins. Methods:Thirty silorane andmethacrylatebased composite resins6x2mmdividedinto 6groupsthen immersedingreentea solution with 1%, 2%, and3% concentration. Colormeasurementsperformed based on CIE Lab theory then analyzedusingone-wayANOVA andindependentt test. Results:Significant difference foundbetweenΔE*value in twotype ofresincompositesafterimmersion(p<0.05). ΔE* was higher insiloranebased composite resin. Conclusion:TheHighestcolorchangesoccur insiloranebased composite resin which immersed in 3% green tea solution (ΔE=3,85)."