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"ABSTRACTThis study aimed to examine the dynamic change in bone metabolism by immediate loading in several sites around implants using high-resolution Na18F-PET scan. Two titanium implants ( 1.2 mm) were inserted parallel to each other in the right tibiae of Wistar rats (n = 4). The left tibia was set as control side. One day after insertion, closed coil springs of 4.0 N were attached to the expose superior portions of the implants to apply a continuous mechanical stress. The rats with fluorine-18 (18F) ion (5 mCi/rat) intravenously injected were scanned by PET scanner at 4, 7, 14, 28 days after load application. Round region of interests (ROIs) were set around the distal implant of the right tibia (loaded side) and same site (control) of the left tibia. Furthermore, four rectangular ROIs were set at the superior and inferior parts of traction side (mesial) and opposite side (distal) of the distal implant. Longitudinal dynamic changes in bone metabolism were evaluated by examination of the accumulation count of 18F ion at each ROI. The uptake values of ROIs (loaded side) initially increased until 7 days, and they gradually decreased from the peak level to the pre-loading level despite a static force being applied to the implants. In cancellous bone, the uptake values at the superior part of traction side and inferior part of opposite side showed significantly high value compared with those at other parts. In conclusion, immediate loading to the implant initially enhanced bone metabolism around it, especially at the part with compressive stress. Peri-implant bone metabolism varies according to different loading conditions."

"Because of its high predictability of success, implant therapy is a reliable treatment for replacement of missing teeth. The concept of immediate implant loading has been widely accepted in terms of early esthetic and functional recovery. However, there is little biological evidence to support this concept. The objective of this study was to examine the interactive effects of mechanical loading and surface roughness of immediately loaded titanium implants on bone formation in rats. Screw-shaped anodized titanium implants were either untreated (smooth) or acid-etched. Two implants were inserted parallel to each other in the tibiae of rats, and a closed coil spring (2.0 N) was immediately applied. Trabecular and cortical bone around both implants was analyzed using microtomographic images, and a removal torque test was performed at weeks 1, 2, and 4. Immediate loading of acid-etched implants resulted in significant decreases in bone mineral density, contact surface area, and cortical bone thickness. These effects were not observed after immediate loading of smooth implants. Conversely, loading did not influence acid-etched implant fixation; however, smooth implant fixation at week 1 was significantly reduced. These results imply that surface roughness regulates bone response to mechanical stress and that immediate loading might not inhibit osseointegration for smooth and rough implants in the late healing stages."

"The overall objective of this study is to evaluate the long term results of interpositional connective tissue graft and horizontal and vertical bone augmentation in recessed area of interproximal papilla.Atrophic ridges rebuilt through GBR procedures. For this study, 2 major alterations are made in the surgical technique describes. First, the horizontal and vertical bone augmentation graft is obtained from autograft like ascending ramus or allograft with or without platelet-rich plasma and barrier membrane. Second, connective tissue for interpositional grafting is obtained from hard palate. This interpositioning graft would be success by use of pouch technique or envelope flap technique. From 1998, among over than 120 patients of implant treated for this study, regardless of 1-staged or 2-staged surgery or type of implant surface treated, 60 implants of 18 patients which has a dissatisfaction on anterior region, food impaction on posterior region subjectively or has a black-triangle on anterior and flattened inter-implant spaces clinically was selected. Differences of success rate between inter-dental and inter-implants depend on blood supply and distance between implants. Autografts, PRP and anorganic bovine bone Bio-Oss have been successfully employed for isolated augmentation area. It is essential to make the CT graft neovascularize to a recipient site, overcorrection of graft, immobilization of graft and tension-free suture. based on annual measurements of gross texture, pocket probing depth, attachment level, and width of keratinized mucosa, this 5-year study indicates that interpositional CT graft when used in conjunction with appropriate bone augmentation technique, can become successfully esthetics and yield predictable maintenance results."

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang : Keberhasilan gigi tiruan dukungan implan sangat ditentukan oleh stabilitas awal (primary stability) pada saat pemasangan, sehingga terjadiosseointegrasi. Stabilitas tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beban oklusal yang diterima melalui restorasi sementara. Beban oklusal yang diterima implant pada , dapat secara langsung pada saat implantasi (immediateloading) atau setelah terjadi osseointegrasi (delayed loading). Masih banyak kontroversi mengenai pengaruh besar beban pada stabilitas implan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian seberapa besar pengaruh kontak oklusal pada restorasi terhadap stabilitas implan yang dipasang secara immediate loading.Metode : Pada tiga ekor Macacafascicularis, dilakukan pemasangan Sembilan implant gigi. Segera setelah implant ditanam pada tulang, restorasi sementara dipasang pada implant dengan kontak ingan, normal dan tanpa kontak. Nilai stabilitas implant diukur menggunakan Ostell ISQ segera setelah pemasangan implan, bulan pertama dankedua setelah pemasangan implan.Hasil : Terdapat perbedaan bermakna dari nilaistabilitas implan (p<0,05) antara kelompok kontak oklusal normal dengan tanpakontak; dan kontak oklusal normal dengan kontak ringan. Namun tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna (p>0,05)pada kenaikan nilai stabilitas implan yang terjadi antara periode baseline, bulan pertama dan bulan kedua pada seluruh kelompok kontak oklusal.Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh kontak oklusal restorasi sementara pada implan yang dipasang secara immediateloading terhadap stabilitas implan dan kontak oklusal yang menghasilkan nilai stabilitas paling besar setelah pemasangan implan adalah restorasi tanpa kontak.

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ABSTRACT

Introduction: successful of dental implant were determined by primary stability when placement. The stability were influnced by occlusal loading thriugh provisional restoration. There are two types of loading protocol that usually used, immediate and delayed loading. But there are still controversies about the influence of occlusal loading on implant's stability. Therefore, it was necessary to study the influence of immediate loading to implant's stability.

Method: Nine dental implants were placed on the mandibular of three Macacafascicularis. Provisional restorations with various occlusal contacts (no contact, light, and normal contact) were placed to the implant. Implant stability was measured using the Ostell ISQ three times, immediately (baseline), first month and second month after implant placement.

Result: Implant stability between implant with no occlusal contact and normal contact and also light occlusal and normal occlusal contact were found significantly different (p<0,05). However, there was no significant increased (p>0,05) found on implant stability measured at baseline, first and second month after implant placement for all occlusal contact groups.

Conclusion: There were influence of immediate loading to implant's stability and provisional restoration of implant without occlusal contact showed highest implant good stability result."

"Skripsi ini membahas perilaku respon struktur terhadap pembebanan dinamik multi-eksitasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui permodelan struktur dengan menggunakan program analisis struktur SAP2000. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah mempelajari perilaku respon struktur portal tiga dimensi di bawah pengaruh pembebanan multi-eksitasi akibat getaran mesin. Parameter yang disimulasikan adalah posisi beban, arah eksitasi beban, frekuensi getar beban, massa mesin, dan properti isolator. Melalui penelitian ini, faktor utama beban multi-eksitasi dapat dipelajari sehingga nantinya dapat menjadi acuan dalam proses penyederhanaan analisis struktural terhadap beban multi-eksitasi.

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The focus of this study is the structure responses behaviour under multi-excitation loading. This research was conducted through structural modelling using SAP2000 structural analysis program. The analysis conducted was to learn about the behaviour of three-dimensional frame structure responses under multiexcitation loading due to vibrations from machineries. Parameters simulated in this research are loading position, loading direction, loading frequency, mass of the machine, and isolator properties. Through this research, main factors of multiexcitation loading can be investigated so they can be implemented as a reference in the structural analysis simplification under multi-excitation loading."