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"ABSTRAK Behcet disease (BD) is a multi system recurrent inflammatory disorder occurring in the form of vasculitis of an unknown etiology. It most frequently affects oral and genital mucosa, skin, eyes, joints, and blood vessels. The definitive diagnosis of BD is based on major symptoms such as recurrent oral and genital ulcers and recurrent skinand ocular lesions, accompanied by symptoms related to various systems. However, early BD manifestations are very similar to recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). Several years from its first appearance are often required for a definitive diagnosis. Objective: To describe a dentist role in BD management in a patient with a history of highlyrecurrent RAS. Case Report: We evaluated a 38 year old man with a 10 year history of recurrent oral ulcers, accompanied by skin and eyes lesions. His intraoral examination revealed multi sized ulcers with a yellowishwhite base and regular edges, surrounded by an erythematous halo. Ulcers were located on the tongue, floor of themouth, and gingival mucosa. Although BD diagnosis was not histopathologically confirmed, the patient lesions met the International Criteria for Behcet disease with a score of 5. Oral ulcers were managed with chlorhexidine mouthwash 2 times/day and supportive measures. A multidisciplinary approach was used for this patient to providecomprehensive treatment. Conclusion: Dentists can be the first clinicians to detect the possible development of BD in patients with symptoms similar to RAS, but additionally having skin and eye lesions."

"Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is still a significant health problem due to its relatively high incidence. Rarely, NPC could extend and involve the oral cavity, and may present as an ulceration or exophytic mass. Objectives: To discuss the rare clinical appearance of NPC involving the oral cavity and the significant role of dentists in its diagnosis and management. Case Report: We reported 3 cases of NPC with oral cavity involvement. In the first two cases, the patients presented with persistent oral ulceration with bone exposure and perforation to the above structure. The third patient presented with an ulcerated exophytic mass with temporomandibular disorder. The ulceration occurred due to bone destruction by the expansion of NPC mass, which indicated advance stage of the disease. All patients were managed with twice a day 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate rinsing in combination with placing a chlorhexidine-moistened gauze to inhibit bacterial overgrowth and prevent secondary infection. The use of chlorhexidine was substituted by saline solution during patients’ radiotherapy and chemotherapy cycles. Conclusion: Dentist’s awareness to recognize the oral cavity involvement of NPC as well as recognizing the symptoms of NPC is very important, in order to make appropriate diagnosis and oral management. The oral management will eventually affect treatment outcome and quality of life."

"ABSTRAK Mucoceles are considered to be the most common oral lesion, with an approximate prevalence of around 2.4 cases per 1,000 people. The exact prevalence in children is not reported, but they are thought to occur more frequently in younger individuals when compared to adults. The age old treatment for mucocele involves surgical excision, which is associated with mental trauma and discomfort to the patient. Other treatment options that can be considered include cryosurgery, CO2 laser ablation, micro marsupialization, intralesional corticosteroid injection, marsupialization and electrocautery. Cryosurgery is the procedure where there is deliberate destruction of tissue by freezing, using liquid nitrogen. This treatment is well received by patients, as minimal or no local anesthesia is used, relative lack of discomfort, no bleeding and minimal to no scarring after healing. This paper discuses two cases of oral mucocele treated via surgical excision and cryosurgery."

"Aim: to learn the role of docetaxel in non-castrate resistant prostate cancer patient. Methods: literature search was conducted to find relevant study comparing the combination of docetaxel and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) to ADT alone in non-castrate resistant prostate cancer using PubMed, Cohrane Library, Proquest, EBSCO, and Scopus database. Quality assessment of studies was done using Bond University Rapid Critical Appraisal of a Systematic Review. Results: we found 494 studies from literature search, but only two studies were included in final selection. Based on validity assessment, we chose one study to be discussed further. This study showed that combination of docetaxel and ADT is better than ADT alone in regards of overall survival (HR 0.64; 95% CI 0.55, 0.75; p<0.0001; NNT=3), biochemical progression free survival (HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.57, 0.69; p<0.0001; NNT=2) and clinical progression free survival (HR 0.73; 95% CI 0.64, 0.84; p<0.0001; NNT=2). Benefit of docetaxel and ADT combination was especially seen in high volume disease (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.54, 0.83; p=0.0003; NNT=3). Conclusion: addition of docetaxel into ADT has beneficial effects in terms of overall survival and progression free survival in patients with non-castrate resistant metastatic prostate cancer.

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Tujuan: untuk mengetahui peran docetaxel pada pasien kanker prostat metastasis non-castrate resistant.

Metode: penelusuran literature dilakukan untuk mencari studi mengenai perbandingan antara kombinasi docetaxel dan terapi deprivasi androgen (ADT) dengan ADT pada pasien kanker prostat metastasis non-castrated resistant. Penelusuran dilakukan dengan menggunakan PubMed, Cohrane Library, Proquest, EBSCO, and Scopus. Penilaian kualitas literature dilakukan dengan menggunakan Bond University Rapid Critical Appraisal of a Systematic Review.

Hasil: kami menemukan 494 studi dari penelurusan literature, namun hanya 2 studi yang sesuai dengan kriteria seleksi. Berdasarkan analisis validitas, kami memilih satu studi untuk dapat dibahas secara lebih lanjut. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi docetaxel dan ADT lebih baik dari ADT dalam angka kesintasan secara umum (HR 0,64; 95% CI 0,55 0.75; p<0,0001; NNT=3), angka kesintasan bebas progresi biokimia (HR 0,63; 95% CI 0,57, 0,69; p<0,0001; NNT=2), dan angka bebas progresi klinis (HR 0,73; 95% CI 0,64, 0,84; p<0,0001; NNT=2). Keuntungan dari kombinasi docetaxel dan ADT terutama terlihat pada kanker prostat dengan volume tinggi (HR 0,67; 95% CI 0,54, 0,83; p=0,0003; NNT=3).

Kesimpulan: penambahan docetaxel pada ADT memiliki efek yang menguntungkan dalam angka kesintasan secara umum dan angka bebas progresi pada kanker prostat metastasis non-castrated resistant."

"Aim: to know the effectiveness probiotic in reducing hepatic inflammation among non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. Methods: we performed literature searching regarding the potential role of probiotic in reducing hepatic inflammation among NAFLD patients. Results: six articles were finally critically appraised. All six studies had good validity and importance. These studies unanimously reported that probiotic is useful in reducing hepatic inflammation, and liver fat content. However, further evidence is needed to show whether or not probiotic is beneficial reducing cirrhosis progression and liver-related mortality. Conclusion: probiotic owns robust potential to treat NAFLD. Probiotic reduce hepatic inflammation, as shown by the reduction of liver aminotransferase, and inflammatory markers. Based on this evidence based report, probiotic is a promising adjunct therapy for NAFLD.

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Tujuan: mengetahui efektifitas peran probiotik dalam menurunkan peradangan pada pasien perlemakan hati non-alkoholik (PHNA).

Metode: dilakukan pencarian literatur terstruktur untuk membuktikan apakah pemberian probiotik dapat mengurangi inflamasi hati pada PHNA. Hasil: enam artikel ditemukan dan ditelaah secara kritis. Semua artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa probiotik dapat menurunkan peradangan hati, yang terlihat dalam penurunan enzim transaminase. Selain itu, probiotik juga menurunkan kandungan lemak dalam parenkim hati. Namun, apakah probiotik bermanfaat dalam menurunkan progresivitas PHNA menjadi sirosis dan menurunkan mortalitas masih perlu dipelajari oleh penelitian lanjutan. Kesimpulan: probiotik memiliki manfaat dalam penanganan PHNA. Probiotik dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu terapi pendamping pada kasus perlemakan hati non-alkoholik."

"Penelitian ini dimotivasi oleh perhatian dari regulator dan akademisi mengenai tingkat keterbacaan laporan tahunan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh dari direksi wanita dan manajemen laba terhadap keterbacaan laporan tahunan dan mengkaji peran mediasi dari manajemen laba. Keterbacaan laporan tahunan akan dilihat dari perspektif manajemen menggunakan FOG Index pada laporan analisa dan diskusi manajemen, sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu laporan tahunan periode 2015-2018 yang dihasilkan oleh perusahaan-perusahaan yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kehadiran dari direksi wanita mengurangi tindakan manajemen laba maka hal ini mengkonfirmasi teori yang digunakan yaitu gender socialization theory bahwa terdapat perbedaan tingkah laku dan sikap baik pria maupun wanita pada tempat kerja karena wanita cenderung lebih hati-hati, menghindari resiko dan bersikap etis, sementara hubungan manajemen laba dan direksi wanita terhadap keterbacaan laporan tahunan tidak terbukti. Hal ini menyiratkan bahwa direksi wanita di Indonesia masih belum mampu memberikan pengaruh langsung terhadap keterbacaan laporan tahunan, hal ini dimungkinkan mengingat bahwa persentase direksi wanita yang masih relatif sedikit dibandingkan dengan pria pada perusahaan publik di Indonesia, sementara sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini terbatas pada persentase direksi wanita dan tidak mengkaji dari sisi keahlian yang dimiliki.

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This study was motivated by the concerns of regulators and academicians regarding the level of companies’ annual reports readability. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of female directors and earnings management on the readability of the annual report while also examining the mediating role of earnings management. In particular, the readability of the company's annual report will be seen from the management perspective using the FOG index on annual report of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2015-2018, (excluding the financial sector). This study concludes that the presence of female directors reduces earnings management practices undertaken by the compaies, this confirms with gender socialization theory that there are differences in the behavior and attitudes of both men and women at workspace as women tend to be more careful, risk averse and being more ethical, while the relationship between earnings management and female directors to the readability of the annual report is not proven. This implies that female directors in Indonesia have not been able to give a direct influence on the readability of the annual report, one possibility might be due to the composition of female directors which is still relatively small and the sample use in this study is limited to the presence of female directors by excluding their expertise."

"Indonesian Journal of Dentistry 2006; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 1-6Oral candidiasis, the most common opponunistic oral fungal infection in human is mainly caused by Candida albicans. Predisposing factors in this disease include immunosuppression, medications, malignancies, endocrine disorders, nutritional deficiencies, high-carbohydrate diet, salivary changes, dental prostheses, smoking and poor oral hygiene. We repod a case of oral candidiasis with severe iron deficiency anemia as an underlying factor in a 40 years old male patient, based on the history, clinical findings and fungal examinations. Case management included prescribing anti-fungal agent, identification and conection of predisposing factors and elimination of oral fungal reservoir. The oral lesions were reduced with improving systemic condition. We concluded that comprehensive management is required to achieve an optimal improvement in this case."