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"Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa aliran kebatinan Subud menerapkan konsep spiritual modern dalam ajarannya untuk mempertahankan dan memperkuat aliran Subud di era modern sehingga ia mampu menarik anggota dari kaum intelektual, rasional, logis, dan modern. Subud merupakan aliran kebatinan yang berkembang pesat di Jakarta bahkan di tujuh puluh delapan Negara yang menunjukkan bahwa ia berada di tengah tengah masyarakat modern. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman dan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat awam yang belum mengetahui atau mengenal aliran Subud. Penelitian ini akan menerapkan teori Konsep Spiritual Modern dari Dr. H. Abdul Muhaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur dan tata cara paradigma penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa memang benar Subud memakai konsep spiritual modern dalam penerapan tujuh simbol lingkaran yang dimiliki Subud karena sudah tidak menggunakan ritual dan tata cara nenek moyang atau ortodoks seperti ajaran aliran kebatinan lain yang ada di Jawa. Melalui penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dapat disimpulkan dari berbagai pendapat narasumber penganut Subud bahwa Subud merupakan latihan pengolahan jiwa dan memberikan ajaran tentang moral dalam kehidupan dan penerapan moral dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Moral yang dimaksud juga mengingatkan kembali manusia agar senantiasa menjadi manusia yang sadar bahwa ada kuasa yang sangat besar yaitu kuasa Tuhan, moral ini diajarkan secara bertahap dan melalui tingkatan dari ketujuh lingkaran Subud yang pada akhirnya manusia akan kembali menyatu jiwanya dengan Tuhan.

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This research proves that the Subud kebatinan school applies modern spiritual concepts in its teachings to maintain and strengthen the Subud school in the modern era so that it is able to attract members of the intellectual, rational, logical, and modern. Subud is a mystical school that developed rapidly in Jakarta even in seventy-eight countries which shows that it is in the midst of modern society. The purpose of this study is to provide understanding and knowledge to ordinary people who do not know or know the Subud stream. This study will apply the theory of Modern Spiritual Concepts from Dr. H. Abdul Muhaya. This study uses procedures and procedures for qualitative research paradigms. The results of this study indicate that it is true that Subud used modern spiritual concepts in the application of seven circle symbols possessed by Subud because he had not used ancestral or orthodox rituals and procedures like the teachings of other mystical schools in Java. Through qualitative descriptive research, it can be concluded from the various opinions of Subud adherents that Subud is a mental processing exercise and provides teachings about morals in life and moral application in daily life. The moral in question also reminds humans to always be human beings who are aware that there is a very large power, namely the power of God, this moral is taught in stages and through the levels of the seven Subud circles that in the end humans will re-unite their souls with God."

"ABSTRAKRelasi antara manusia dengan lingkungan selalu mengristalisasikanfenomena kontradiksi etis. Manusia memposisikan diri sebagai subjek moral yangbernilai superior sehingga mengakibatkan pandangan inferior atas alam hanyasebatas objek eksploitasi. Tradisi berpikir antroposentrik berparadigma atomistikmekanistikseperti ini diletakkan secara meyakinkan oleh para filsuf modernseperti Francis Bacon, Rene Descartes, dan Emmanuel Kant. Segala sesuatudalam alam direduksikan fungsinya hanya pada dimensi rasionalitas logisatomistikyang memarginalkan posisi nilai-nilai. Tradisi berpikir yangmempersepsikan alam sebagai objek empiris membuka eksploitasi besar-besaranmengejar gagasan materialisme dan bisnis-ekonomi untuk meraih targetkeuntungan maksimal. Manusia akhirnya menjadi pribadi Homo economicusmaterialis. Krisis lingkungan muncul secara sporadis di seluruh belahan dunia.Dibutuhkan strategi filsafat moral-etis baru sebagai alternatif untuk membenahipersoalan ini. Para pemikir etika lingkungan sebelumnya seperti Arne Naess,Fritjof Capra, Aldo Leopold, dan Karen J. Warren belum mampu menawarkansolusi yang ideal dalam mengatasi relasi disharmoni antara manusia dengan liyan(others). Kelemahan dasar pemikiran mereka terletak pada dilupakannyaperspektif spiritual dalam konstruksi teori etika yang dibangun. Untuk itu disertasiini memeriksa pemikiran humanisme ekologis Henryk Skolimowski untukmenemukan konsep baru berperspektif spiritual yang dapat menjadi solusialternatif mengatasi kelemahan argumentasi etika sebelumnya. Penelitian inimenemukan adanya model manusia ekologis spiritual-etis (Homo ecologicus spiritual-etis) yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pilihan hidup dalam cara berada menjadimanusia (das sein) dalam relasi manusia dengan entitas alam. Menjadi Homoecologicus spiritual-etis mengandaikan langkah politik lingkungan berbasiskanlocal indigenous sebagai konteks aktualisasi pengembangan konsep Homoecologicus spiritual-etis. Kerangka teori utama yang digunakan yakni EtikaAristoteles yang menekankan dimensi karakter pribadi manusia yangberkeutamaan dalam relasi dengan entitas liyan. Metode penelitian menerapkanunsur refleksi etis versi Alasdair MacIntyre. Dengan menempuh prosedur berpikirmetodis demikian, dicapai pemikiran etis bermakna untuk menyelesasikan krisislingkungan global dan lokal serta memulihkan kontradiksi etis yang terjadi antaramanusia dengan alam menuju kebaikan bersama (bonum commune) segala entitaskomunitas ekologi alam.

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ABSTRACTThe relationship between humans and the environment is always crystallizingethical contradictions phenomenon. Human positioning himself/herself as asubject of moral worth superior resulting in inferior view of nature was limited toobjects of exploitation. Anthropocentric thinking tradition and mechanisticatomisticparadigm like this laid convincingly by modern philosophers likeFrancis Bacon, Rene Descartes, and Emmanuel Kant. Everything in naturereduced function only on the atomistic and logical rationality dimension thatmarginalize the position of values. The tradition of thinking that perceives natureas an object of empirical opened massive operations to pursue the idea ofmaterialism and business-economy to achieve the maximum profit target. Humanseventually become materialist Homo economicus person. The environmentalcrisis appeared sporadically throughout the world. It takes a strategy of moralethicalphilosophy as the new alternative to solve this problem. The previousenvironmental ethics thinkers such as Arne Naess, Fritjof Capra, Aldo Leopold,and Karen J. Warren not yet able to offer the ideal solution to overcome thedisharmony relationship between human with others entity. The weakness of theirargument forgotten spiritual perspective in the construction of ethical theory wasbuilt. This dissertation examines the ecological humanism thought of HenrykSkolimowski to find a new concept of the spiritual perspective that can be analternative solution to overcome the weakness of the ethical arguments before.This study found an ecological model of spiritual-ethical of human being (Homoecologicus spiritual-ethical) that can be used as an option to live in a way becomea human being (das sein) in the human relationship with natural entity. Being aHomo ecological spiritual-ethical presupposes political measures based on localindigenous environment as a context for developing the concept of Homoecologicus spiritual-ethical. The main theoretical framework used the VirtueEthics of Aristotle that emphasizes the human dimension of personal characterthat is virtuous in relation to others entity. The research method applying ethicalreflection element version of Alasdair MacIntyre. By using this methodicalthinking procedure, achieved significant ethical thinking to solve global and localenvironmental crisis and restore the ethical contradictions that occur betweenhumans and nature towards the common good of all entity in nature ecologycommunity"

"While the number of occupations known as "professions" has increased, studies in economics have not secured a grasp of old and new professions within the same context. One reason is that they do not view certain occupations in terms of the concept of "profession" as an ideal type. This study reconsiders many aspects of professions and extracts the most notable features that characterize an occupation as a profession. The most crucial characteristic of an ideal profession type is a codified body of knowledge. A profession needs to be socially accepted as being highly developed and not substitutable. In addition, the occupational function of a profession involves urgency and indispensability, and the profession must be at the vertex of its field while using a common body of knowledge. In categorizing modern professionals based on these criteria, we arrived at five types: established professions, new professions, semi-professions (A), semi-professions (B), and skilled workers and experts."

"Tesis ini mengkaji novel Semua Ikan di Langit (2017) Karya Ziggy Zezsyazeoviennazabrizkie yang dilihat sebagai alegori dari perjalanan spiritual manusia dalam memahami konsep ketuhanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan naratologi yang melihat hubungan sintagmatik dan paradigmatik dalam teks dan semiotika berdasarkan gagasan signifikasi dari Roland Barthes. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa struktur narasi novel merupakan suatu alegori dari perjalanan spiritual manusia. Struktur narasi novel mengungkapkan adanya suatu perjalanan yang bukanlah perjalanan spasial, melainkan suatu perjalanan yang bersifat personal dan batiniah yang telah dimaknai dari perjalanan imajiner tokoh dalam teks. Perjalanan yang bersifat personal dan batiniah ini sangat erat kaitannya dengan perjalanan spiritual yang dialami oleh manusia. Selain itu, temuan melalui pemaknaan simbol-simbol dalam teks mengungkapkan konsep ketuhanan yang dapat dilihat sebagai upaya memahami Tuhan yang ditempuh melalui perjalanan spiritual manusia. Dari pemaknaan terhadap simbol-simbol dalam teks, ditemukan beberapa gagasan yang mengungkapkan tentang ketuhanan, yaitu meliputi konsep kesucian Tuhan, keagungan Tuhan, dan kemahakuasaan Tuhan

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This thesis explore Semua Ikan di Langit (2017) novel by Ziggy Zezsyazeoviennazabrizkie which is seen as human’s spiritual journey allegory in understanding the concept of God. This research is using narratology approach which looking the relation of syntagmatic and paradigmatic in the text and semiotic based on signification idea by Roland Barthes. The analysis shows that the narrative structure of the novel is an allegory from the human’s spiritual journey. Narrative structure of the novel unfold a journey that is not spatial journey, however it is a personal and inner in nature which interpreted from imaginer character’s journey in text. A journey that is personal and inner in nature is closely related with spiritual journey that is experienced by human. Besides that, findings through interpretation towards the signs in the text unfold the concept of God which is seen as an effort to understand God which taken by human’s spiritual journey. Through interpretation towards the signs in the text, it is found some ideas that unfold about God, which includes the concept of holiness of God, greatness of God and powerful of God"