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"Penelitian ini berusaha menguji pengaruh migrasi terhadap dinamika kemiskinan di Indonesia. Status kemiskinan dinamis rumah tangga dikategorikan menjadi: tidak miskin, miskin sementara dan miskin kronis. Dengan menggunakan data panel seimbang yang bersumber dari data Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) tahun 2007 dan 2014, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa migrasi rumah tangga berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap status kemiskinan dinamis rumah tangga. Selain migrasi, faktor penting lainnya yang memengaruhi dinamika kemiskinan adalah status perkawinan, lama tahun bersekolah, rasio ketergantungan, kepemilikan akses terhadap kredit, aset total, sektor lapangan pekerjaan dan juga status pekerjaan.

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This research attempts to examine the impact of migration on poverty dynamics in Indonesia. Households dynamic poverty status is categorized into: non poor, transient poor and chronic poor. Using balanced panel data from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2007 and 2014, this study found that migration has negatively significant impact on poverty dynamics. Beside migration, the other important factors of poverty dynamics are marital status, years of schooling, dependency ratio, access to credit, total asset, working sector and working status."

"Studi tentang kemiskinan multidimensi telah banyak dilakukan akhir-akhir ini, namun belum terdapat studi kemiskinan multidimensi yang fokus terhadap kelompok pekerja pertanian di Indonesia. Penelitian ini berusaha melihat pengaruh determinan kemiskinan yang terdiri dari lima aspek, yaitu pertanian, pendidikan, demografi, geografis dan sosioekonomi terhadap kemiskinan multidimensi di rumah tangga pertanian Indonesia. Menggunakan data panel dari Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) tahun 2014 dengan teknik regresi cross sectional dan ordinary least square, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa determinan luas lahan pertanian dan sistem pengairan lahan dari aspek pertanian, akses terhadap kredit di aspek sosioekonomi, dan tempat tinggal rumah tangga sebagai aspek geografis, memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan negatif terhadap status kemiskinan multidimensi rumah tangga pertanian. Selain berpengaruh ke status kemiskinan, determinan tersebut juga berpengaruh untuk mengurangi nilai kemiskinan multidimensi yang dimiliki oleh rumah tangga pertanian.

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Research about multidimensional poverty have been carried out lately, but there are no multidimensional poverty studies that focus on agricultural labor groups in Indonesia. This research tries to see the influence of poverty determinants consisting of five aspects, namely agriculture, demography, geographical, education and socioeconomics on multidimensional poverty in Indonesian agricultural households. By using panel data from the 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) with cross sectional and ordinary least square regression techniques, this study shows that determinants such as agricultural land area and land irrigation systems from the agricultural aspect, access to credit in socioeconomic aspects, and residence household as a geographical aspect, has a significant and negative influence on the multidimensional poverty status of agricultural households. In addition to influencing poverty status, the determinant also has an effect on reducing the multidimensional poverty value that is owned by agricultural households"

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola konsumsi individu dan rumah tangga terhadap status nutrisi anak yaitu indeks TB/U dan peluang anak untuk tidak stunting. Penelitian ini menggunakan data longitudinal dari Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) tahun 2007 dan tahun 2014 dengan metode Panel Linear (OLS) dan Panel Probit dengan random effect. Hasil deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa status nutrisi anak membaik saat anak berusia 7-12 tahun. Sementara, hasil analisis inferensial menemukan bahwa pada level individu, anak yang mengkonsumsi makanan yang beragam memiliki indeks TB/U yang lebih baik dan peluang lebih tinggi untuk tidak stunting. Sementara pada level rumah tangga, pola pengeluaran makanan rumah tangga memengaruhi capaian status nutrisi anak. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan tidak adanya perbaikan berarti dari sisi kualitas konsumsi individu dan rumah tangga selama tujuh tahun pengamatan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menemukan adanya indikasi permasalahan keamanan pangan yang masih tidak baik karena masih rendahnya tingkat pendidikan ibu.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to know the impact of consumption pattern in individual and household level to the children's nutritional status based on height-for-age z-score and probability of not to be stunted on children. This study uses longitudinal data from Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2007 and 2014 with Panel Linear (OLS) and Panel Probit with random effect. Descriptive analysis shows that children's nutritional status were getting better at age 7-12 years old. Regression results show that at individual level, children who have dietary diversity score above average have better height-for-age and higher probability of not to be stunted. At household level, food expenditure pattern affect children's nutritional status. This study also shows no significant improvement in the quality of individual and household consumption pattern during the seven years of observation. In addition, this study also indicated of food safety problems due to the low level education of mothers."

"ABSTRAKMembandingkan pengeluaran rumah tangga dan garis kemiskinan nasional, sekitar 24.78 dari rumah tangga di Indonesia berada di bawah garis kemiskinan setidaknya satu kali dalam periode 14 tahun. Menggunakan Model Ordered Logit, studi ini menguji determinan dari status kemiskinan rumah tangga dan menganalisa efek relatif dari aset dan karakteristik rumah tangga yang berbeda-beda dari satu waktu terhadap status kemiskinan mereka di kemudian hari. Memakai tiga gelombang Survey IFLS Indonesian Family Life Survey , yaitu tahun 2000, 2007 dan 2014, serta dengan mengelompokkan rumah tangga menjadi lima regional utama berdasarkan lokasi, studi ini menemukan bahwa aset berupa bangunan, kendaraan, perhiasan dan tabungan berperan penting dalam menentukan status kemiskinan rumah tangga di Indonesia. Selain itu, beberapa variable demografi dan sosial-ekonomi juga secara statistik berpengaruh terhadap status kemiskinan di Indonesia. Namun, determinan dari status kemiskinan bervariasi antar regional. Studi ini menemukan bahwa kemungkinan dari suatu rumah tangga untuk menjadi miskin berkepanjangan maupun sebaliknya tidak pernah miskin sama sekali lebih besar terjadi di regional Jawa dan Bali. Sementara kemungkinan untuk rumah tangga menjadi miskin sementara waktu lebih tinggi di regional luar Jawa dan Bali.

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ABSTRACTComparing household expenditure and national poverty line, about 24.78 of households in Indonesia experienced poverty expenditure below the poverty line at least once within 14 year period. By utilizing the Ordered Logit Model, this study examines the determinants of household poverty status and analyze the relative effect of different household assets and characteristics on their poverty status. Employing three waves of Indonesia Family Life Survey IFLS consisting of household level data from the year of 2000, 2007 and 2014, and categorized households into five main regions based on their location, this study finds that assets building, vehicle, jewelry and savings play important role in determining poverty status of households in Indonesia. Some demographic and socio economic variables are confirmed to be statistically significant to poverty status in Indonesia. However, the determinants of poverty status vary within regions. This study also finds that the probability of households either to be chronic poor or never poor is higher in Java and Bali, while the probability of transient poverty is found higher outside Java and Bali. "

"Permasalahan tentang kemiskinan memang seringkali berputar di wilayah pedesaan dan didominasi oleh rumah tangga agrikultur. Petani hampir tidak mengumpulkan modal karena skala usaha mereka dan setiap kali panen, upah mereka dari hasil panen digunakan untuk membayar pinjaman untuk fasilitas produksi dan kebutuhan sehari-hari. Sementara, meningkatnya permintaan pangan akibat pertumbuhan penduduk pun tak terhindarkan. Inklusi Keuangan dirasa bisa menjawab pertanyaan ini sebab bisa berperan sebagai penyangga risiko dan mendorong akumulasi modal bagi rumah tangga agrikultur. Untuk mencari tahu lebih lanjut secara empiris pengaruh inklusi Keuangan pada kemiskinan multidimensi dalam kelompok rumah tangga agrikultur, penelitian ini menggunakan statistik deskriptif melalui cross tabulation dan statistic inferensial menggunakan IV- probit. Ditemukan bahwa kondisi kemiskinan multidimensi pada rumah tangga agrikultur lebih parah jika dibandingkan rumah tangga non-agrikultur serta penggunaan fasilitas inklusi keuangan seperti kredit dan tabungan pun belum bisa digunakan secara maksimal. Akan tetapi jika inklusi Keuangan dapat ditingkatkan, kemiskinan multidimensi dapat dikurangi secara signifikan. Maka, perlu ada kebijakan yang lebih menyasar pada kebutuhan dan permasalahan setiap daerah yang berbeda-beda.

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The problem of poverty often revolves around rural areas and is dominated by agricultural households. Farmers hardly accumulate capital because of the scale of their business and every harvest, their wages from the harvest are used to repay loans for production facilities and daily needs. Meanwhile, increasing demand for food due to population growth is inevitable. Financial Inclusion can answer this question, as it can act as a risk buffer and encourage capital accumulation for agricultural households. To find out more empirically the effect of Financial Inclusion on multidimensional poverty in agricultural households, this study uses descriptive statistics through cross-tabulation and inferential statistics using IV-probit. It was found that multidimensional poverty in agricultural households is more severe when compared to non-agricultural households and the use of financial inclusion facilities such as credit and savings has not been maximized. However, if financial inclusion can be improved, multidimensional poverty can be reduced significantly. Thus, there needs to be a policy that is more targeted at the needs and problems of each region."

"Kesenjangan gender di Indonesia masih tercermin pada berbagai sektor salah satunya pendidikan dan ketenagakerjaan. Bahkan kesenjangan juga terjadi pada skala lebih kecil yakni rumah tangga. Terkait hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mempelajari pengaruh status bekerja terhadap keterlibatan pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga oleh perempuan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2017. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi logistik ordinal. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara status bekerja perempuan dengan partisipasi mereka dalam pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga. Hasil studi ini dapat dijadikan acuan oleh pemangku kepentingan terkait dalam menyusun kebijakan yang mendukung akses perempuan ke pendidikan dan peluang kerja yang setara sehingga dapat membantu meningkatkan partisipasi mereka dalam proses pengambilan keputusan yang relevan bagi kehidupan keluarga mereka.

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The gender gap in Indonesia is still reflected in various sectors, including education and employment. Inequality also occurs on a smaller scale, namely households. Related to this, this study aims to study the effect of working status on the involvement of women in household decision-making. The data used in this study came from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). The analytical method used is ordinal logistic regression. The research findings show a positive and significant influence between women's working status and participation in household decision-making. The results of this study can be used as a reference by relevant stakeholders in formulating policies that support women's access to education and equal employment opportunities to help increase their participation in decision-making processes relevant to their family life."

"Pemerintah Indonesia melaksanakan beragam kebijakan dalam rangka menurunkan laju pertumbuhan infeksi Covid-19, termasuk menerapkan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB). Penerapan PSBB berhasil menahan laju penyebaran virus corona, namun PSBB juga berpotensi menimbulkan biaya ekonomi. Mengingat terdapat beberapa kebijakan yang diterapkan Pemerintah selama pandemic covid-19 di tahun 2020, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi dampak partial lockdown akibat Covid-19 terhadap konsumsi rumah tangga, dinamisasi kemiskinan jangka pendek, dan mobilitas ekonomi rumah tangga. Studi ini berfokus pada pelaksanaan PSBB di lima wilayah (Kabupaten Bogor, Kabupaten Bekasi, Kota Bogor, Kota Bekasi, dan DKI Jakarta). Untuk mendapatkan hasil estimasi yang memiliki hubungan kausal, penelitian ini menggunakan Synthetic Control Method untuk membentuk hypothetical counterfactual untuk daerah yang menerapkan PSBB pada tahap pre estimasi. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan hasil estimasi difference-in-difference, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penerapan PSBB secara signifikan dan negative memengaruhi konsumsi rumah tangga di Kabupaten Bogor, Kabupaten Bekasi, dan Kota Bekasi tetapi juga secara significant meningkatkan konsumsi rumah tangga di DKI Jakarta. Sementara itu, berdasarkan hasil estimasi ordered logit models, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa PSBB hanya signifikan memengaruhi dinamisasi kemiskinan jangka pendek di Kabupaten Bogor. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan hasil estimasi multinomial logit, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa PSBB secara signifikan memengaruhi mobilitas ekonomi rumah tangga di kabupaten sampel, namun tidak signifikan memengaruhi mobilitas ekonomi rumah tangga di kota sampel dalam jangka pendek.

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The Indonesian government has imposed various policy responses to slow down the growth rate of Covid-19 infections, including implementing a partial lockdown known as large-scale social restrictions (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar - PSBB) policy. The enactment of the PSSB policy may successfully suppress the spread of coronavirus, but it also may have an economical cost. Given that many policy interventions during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, this study aims to estimate the impact of Indonesia’s partial lockdown due to the Covid-19 pandemic on household consumption, short-term poverty dynamics, and intragenerational economic mobility. This study focuses on the implementation of PSBB policy in five regions (Bogor Regency, Bekasi Regency, Bogor City, Bekasi City, and DKI Jakarta). In order to have a causal relationship, this study performs Synthetic Control Method to construct hypothetical counterfactual regions for regions that implement PSBB policy in the pre-estimation stage. Then, based on difference-in-difference estimations, this study found that the implementation of PSBB affects household consumption in Bogor Regency, Bekasi Regency, and Bekasi City negatively but significantly increases household consumption in DKI Jakarta. Meanwhile, using ordered logit estimations, this study shows that the implementation of PSBB only significantly affects short-term poverty dynamics in Bogor Regency. Further, based on multinomial logit estimations, this study found that the implementation of PSBB adversely affects household economic mobility in rural districts but does not significantly affect household economic mobility in urban districts in the short-run."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menghasilkan bukti empiris dampak migrasi terhadap kesejahteraanrumah tangga di Indonesia, menggunakan data panel Indonesia Family LifeSurvey (IFLS) tahun 2000 dan 2007, dan metode difference-in-differences denganpropensity score matching. Penelitian ini mengestimasi dampak migrasi padarumah tangga migran kerja dan rumah tangga migran nonkerja dalam halpendapatan perkapita, beberapa variabel pengeluaran perkapita dan aset perkapitarumah tangga. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa migrasi kerja berdampakterhadap total pengeluaran perkapita rumah tangga, pengeluaran murni panganperkapita rumah tangga, dan pengeluaran rutin nonpangan perkapita rumah tangga.Sedangkan migrasi nonkerja berdampak terhadap pendapatan perkapita dan asetperkapita rumah tangga. Penelitian ini juga menganalisis dampak migrasi terhadapremitansi pada rumah tangga dengan menggunakan data transfer sebagai proksi.Migrasi kerja menunjukkan dampak yang signifikan terhadap pengeluaran transferperkapita rumah tangga, namun tidak terbukti memiliki dampak terhadap netttransfer perkapita rumah tangga. Sementara migrasi nonkerja menunjukkandampak yang signifikan terhadap nett transfer perkapita rumah tangga. Penelitianini juga menganalisis dampak migrasi terhadap suplai tenaga kerja rumah tanggadimana ditemukan bahwa migrasi kerja membawa dampak signifikan, namunmigrasi nonkerja tidak menunjukkan dampak yang signifikan terhadap suplaitenaga kerja rumah tangga.Kata Kunci: Evaluasi Dampak.

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ABSTRACTThis study provides empirical evidence on the impact of migration on migrantsendinghousehold in Indonesia, using data panel from Indonesia Family LifeSurvey (IFLS) 2000 and 2007, and difference-in-differences with propensity scorematching method. This study estimates the impact of work migration and nonworkmigration on percapita income, some of per capita expenditures variables,per capita asset, migrant-sending household. It is found that work migration haveimpact on total per capita expenditure, per capita pure food expenditure, and percapita non food routine expenditure. Non-work migration have impact on percapita income and per capita asset. This study also analyze migration impact onremittance using transfer data as proxi. Work migration showing impactsignificantly on per capita out transfer, but there is no evidence have impact onper capita nett transfer. Non-work migration showing impact significantly on percapita nett transfer. This study also analyze migration impact on household laborsupply. It is found that work migration have impact significantly on householdlabor supply. But non-work migration have no significant impact on householdlabor supply.;This study provides empirical evidence on the impact of migration on migrantsendinghousehold in Indonesia, using data panel from Indonesia Family LifeSurvey (IFLS) 2000 and 2007, and difference-in-differences with propensity scorematching method. This study estimates the impact of work migration and nonworkmigration on percapita income, some of per capita expenditures variables,per capita asset, migrant-sending household. It is found that work migration haveimpact on total per capita expenditure, per capita pure food expenditure, and percapita non food routine expenditure. Non-work migration have impact on percapita income and per capita asset. This study also analyze migration impact onremittance using transfer data as proxi. Work migration showing impactsignificantly on per capita out transfer, but there is no evidence have impact onper capita nett transfer. Non-work migration showing impact significantly on percapita nett transfer. This study also analyze migration impact on household laborsupply. It is found that work migration have impact significantly on householdlabor supply. But non-work migration have no significant impact on householdlabor supply.;This study provides empirical evidence on the impact of migration on migrantsendinghousehold in Indonesia, using data panel from Indonesia Family LifeSurvey (IFLS) 2000 and 2007, and difference-in-differences with propensity scorematching method. This study estimates the impact of work migration and nonworkmigration on percapita income, some of per capita expenditures variables,per capita asset, migrant-sending household. It is found that work migration haveimpact on total per capita expenditure, per capita pure food expenditure, and percapita non food routine expenditure. Non-work migration have impact on percapita income and per capita asset. This study also analyze migration impact onremittance using transfer data as proxi. Work migration showing impactsignificantly on per capita out transfer, but there is no evidence have impact onper capita nett transfer. Non-work migration showing impact significantly on percapita nett transfer. This study also analyze migration impact on household laborsupply. It is found that work migration have impact significantly on householdlabor supply. But non-work migration have no significant impact on householdlabor supply., This study provides empirical evidence on the impact of migration on migrantsendinghousehold in Indonesia, using data panel from Indonesia Family LifeSurvey (IFLS) 2000 and 2007, and difference-in-differences with propensity scorematching method. This study estimates the impact of work migration and nonworkmigration on percapita income, some of per capita expenditures variables,per capita asset, migrant-sending household. It is found that work migration haveimpact on total per capita expenditure, per capita pure food expenditure, and percapita non food routine expenditure. Non-work migration have impact on percapita income and per capita asset. This study also analyze migration impact onremittance using transfer data as proxi. Work migration showing impactsignificantly on per capita out transfer, but there is no evidence have impact onper capita nett transfer. Non-work migration showing impact significantly on percapita nett transfer. This study also analyze migration impact on household laborsupply. It is found that work migration have impact significantly on householdlabor supply. But non-work migration have no significant impact on householdlabor supply.]"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh faktor demografi, sosial, dan ekonomi, serta living arrangement terhadap kemiskinan dalam rumah tangga menggunakan data Susenas Triwulan 1 tahun 2013. Berdasarkan hasil regresi logistik biner menggunakan responden 263.813 rumah tangga, diketahui bahwa jumlah anggota rumah tangga, kepemilikan aset, dan living arrangement pada rumah tangga dengan usia muda dan lansia mempunyai pengaruh terkuat terhadap kecenderungan miskin dalam rumah tangga. Implikasinya adalah bahwa kebijakan program perlindungan sosial pemerintah perlu mempertimbangkan living arrangement. Temuan lainnya adalah bahwa bahwa daerah tempat tinggal rumah tangga dan jenis kelamin kepala rumah tangga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kecenderungan miskin rumah tangga.

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This research aims to study the effect of demographic, social, and economic factors, and the living arrangement on household poverty using the Susenas 2013 data. Based on the regression results of 263.813 households, it is found that the number of household members, asset ownership, and household living arrangement with the young and the elderly members have the strongest influence on the likelihood of poverty. It implies that living arrangement should be considered in formulating social protection policies. The area of residence and the gender of household head have no significant effect on tendency to be poor."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhikemiskinan pekerja dibayar di perkotaan dengan menggunakan data Susenas2013. Berdasarkan analisis deskriptif dan regresi logistik biner diketahui bahwaumur, jenis kelamin, status migrasi, status perkawinan, pendidikan, lapanganusaha, status dalam pekerjaan, proporsi ART berumur > 15 tahun, proporsi ARTberumur > 64 tahun, dan proporsi ART lain bekerja dan berpenghasilan memilikipengaruh yang signifikan terhadap risiko pekerja dibayar di perkotaan berstatusmiskin. Faktor terkuat yang memengaruhi kemiskinan pekerja dibayar dengankriteria garis kemiskinan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendidikan, proporsi ARTlain bekerja dan berpenghasilan, dan proporsi ART berumur < 15 tahun. Dengankriteria Upah Minimum Provinsi, faktor terkuat yang menyebabkan pekerjadibayar hidup di bawah standar adalah proporsi ART lain bekerja danberpenghasilan, pendidikan, dan status migrasi

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ABSTRACTThis research aims at analyzing factors influence poverty status at paid workersin urban area using 2013 Susenas. Descriptive analysis and result of binarylogistic regression indicate note that age, gender, migration status, marital status,education, field of business, status in employment, the proportion of under 15 yearold household member, the proportion of above 64 year old household member,and proportion of other household member?s work have significant effects on therisk of paid workers in urban to be poors. The strongest factors affecting povertystatus of paid workers by poverty line criteria in this study are education, theproportion of other hosehold member?s work, and the proportion of 15 year oldhousehold member. Based on provincial minimum wage criteria, the strongestfactors that cause paid workers paid live below the standard are the proportion inother hosehold member?s work, education, and the status of the migration;"