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"Pada pekerjaan konstruksi jalur pipa sering terjadi keterlambatan dalam penyelesaian proyek tersebut. Penyebab keterlambatan tersebut salah satunya terjadi pada tahapan desain enjiniring terinci yaitu pekerjaan ulang dan keterlambatan penyediaan dokumen. Studi kasus pada proyek yang dikerjakan PT. XYZ terjadi keterlambatan yang diindikasikan dengan penurunan kinerja waktu proyek dan kinerja kualitas deliverabel yang dihasilkan. Hal ini terindikasi risiko-risiko pada tahapan desain enjiniring terinci yang belum teridentifikasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi faktor dominan atas risiko pekerjaan ulang dan kualitas buruk dalam pekerjaan desain enjiniring dan rekomendasi respon risiko tersebut. Respon tersebut dijadikan rekomendasi pengembangan perencanaan kualitas berbasis risiko. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner dan wawancara terhadap pakar. Data dianalisa dengan formula relative index untuk menentukan faktor risiko dominan dan kesimpulan dari hasil wawancara pakar. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menghasilkan faktor risiko dominan yaitu Perubahan data desain dan spesifikasi, buruknya koordinasi dan komunikasi tim dan buruknya pengelolaan (checking) kualitas dokumen. Berdasar dari respon faktor dominan tersebut didapatkan rekomendasi pengembangan terkait penambahan informasi (input data, alur komunikasi, check list kualitas) dokumen referensi atau penambahan konten dari perencanaan kualitas untuk pengendalian risiko. Dan terkait studi kasus PT. XYZ, menambahkan deliverabel terkait jalur pipa (Alignment Sheet Drawing) pada perencanaan kualitas PT. XYZ.

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In the pipeline construction work, delays often occur in the completion of the project. One of the delay causes are occurred in the detailed engineering design stages, rework or poor quality and delay in the provision of documents. Case studies on projects undertaken by PT. XYZ has a delay that is indicated by a decrease in project time performance and deliverable quality performance produced. These risks are indicated in the detailed engineering design stages that have not been identified. The purpose of this study is to identify the dominant factors for risk of rework and poor quality in engineering design work and recommendations for risk response. The risk response made into the recommendations for developing quality plan based on dominant risk response. Methods of collecting data using questionnaires and interviews with experts. Data is analyzed by a relative index formula to determine dominant risk factors and conclusions from the results of expert interviews. The conclusions of this study are produce dominant risk factors, namely changes in design data and specifications, poor team coordination and communication and poor checking of document quality. Based on risk response of dominant risk factors, development recommendations related to the addition of information (data input, communication flow, quality check list) reference documents or the addition of content from quality planning to risk control. And related to the case study of PT. XYZ, adds deliverables related to the pipeline (Alignment Sheet Drawing) on ​​the quality planning of PT. XYZ.

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"ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas mengenai evaluasi yang dilakukan mahasiswa terhadapsistem manajemen mutu proyek EPC pada fase perancangan produk detailengineering yang dikerjakan PT XYZ dengan berbasis manajemen risiko. Tujuandari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor dominan yangmempengaruhi sasaran mutu fase engineering produk detail engineering.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan meneliti aktifitas-aktifitas yang dilakukan padaproses bisnis dari PT XYZ. Faktor-faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi kinerja mutukemudian dianalisis dengan metode SPSS serta risk management.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 16 faktor-faktor risikodominan (dengan kategori risiko sedang dan tinggi) yang dapat mempengaruhikinerja mutu produk proyek EPC pada PT XYZ (studi kasus proyek boiler tank),dengan risiko tertinggi yaitu X13 dan X37.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis discuss about the student?s evaluation of quality management systemof detail engineering at EPC project at PT XYZ in the design phase ? based onrisk management. The purpose of this research is to knowing dominant factorwhich can influence the quality performance of PT XYZ. This research conductsby examine each activities in the business processes of PT XYZ. Based on thoseactivities, student has found the risk factors which influence the qualityperformance of detail engineering?s product that has been produced by PT XYZ.The outcome of this research shown there is 16 factors which can influence thequality performance (medium and high category) of EPC project?s products by PTXYZ (case study boiler tank project), and the highest risks are X13 and X37."

"Proyek EPC memiliki tiga elemen utama: engineering (rekayasa), procurement (pengadaan) dan contruction (konstruksi) dengan skema kontrak yang menunjuk kontraktor EPC sebagai penanggung jawab tunggal terhadap ketiga elemen tersebut. Pada proyek EPC, fase engineering memegang peranan sangat penting karena fase ini akan menentukan sukses tidaknya pelaksanaan suatu proyek EPC. Penelitian yang sudah dilakukan sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa penyebab utama delay (keterlambatan) maupun cost overrun (peningkatan biaya) proyek adalah karena adanya kesalahan, kelalaian maupun perubahan desain yang dilakukan pada fase engineering. Fase engineering pada proyek EPC memiliki tiga tahapan utama yaitu FEED (Front End Engineering Design), basic design dan detail engineering. Aktivitas detail engineering pada suatu proyek EPC umumnya menjadi lingkup kontraktor EPC, namun atas pertimbangan terhadap beberapa hal khususnya efisiensi, kontraktor EPC seringkali menyerahkan lingkup pekerjaan detail engineering tersebut kepada pihak ketiga dalam hal ini subkontraktor pekerjaan detail engineering. Terkait dengan adanya proses desain dalam aktivitas engineering terdapat suatu ukuran kinerja yang disebut sebagai kinerja desain. Pengertian kinerja desain adalah efektivitas praktek desain engineering dan manajemen desain dalam suatu perusahaan terhadap tujuan dan sasaran proyek. Pada proyek EPC dimana aktivitas detail engineering diserahkan kepada subkontraktor pekerjaan detail engineering, maka kinerja desain kontraktor EPC akan sangat dipengaruhi oleh kinerja desain subkontraktor pekerjaan detail engineering tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat empat faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kinerja desain subkontraktor pekerjaan detail engineering dan berdampak terhadap cost overrun pada proyek EPC yaitu: tingkat automasi; level teknologi dan kompleksitas proyek; kualifikasi subkontraktor pekerjaan detail engineering dan data vendor; kelengkapan definisi lingkup kerja dan praktek review/approval dokumen desain oleh owner.

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EPC project has three basic elements: engineering, procurement and construction with the contract scheme awarding the EPC contractor a single point responsibility for all activities related to these three elements. In EPC projects, engineering phase plays an important role because this phase will determine the success or failure of the project implementation. The previous research has shown that the main sources of project delay and cost overrun are design errors, omissions and changes made during engineering phase. Engineering phase itself has three stages namely FEED (Front End Engineering Design), basic design and detail engineering. Detail engineering activities in an EPC project generally be the scope of the EPC contractor, but on consideration of several things, especially efficiency, EPC contractor often deliver detailed engineering scope of work to a third party in this case detail engineering subcontractor. Associated with the design process in engineering activities there is a measure of performance known as design performance. The definition of design performance is the effectiveness of the engineering design practice and design management in a company to the goals and objectives of the project. In EPC project where detail engineering activities handed over to the detail engineering subcontractor, the design performance of the EPC contractor will be strongly influenced by the design performance of the detail engineering subcontractor. The results of this research indicate there are four dominant factors that affect the design performance of detail engineering subcontractors and impact to cost overrun of the EPC project, they are: the level of automation; the level of technology and complexity of projects; qualifications of detailed engineering subcontractor and vendor data; the completeness of the scope of work definition and practice of design document review/approval by the owner."

"Desain dan kualitas dokumentasi yang buruk telah diidentifikasi sebagai faktor utama dalam mengurangi kinerja dan efisiensi proyek konstruksi. Dengan mengadaptasi prinsip-prinsip produksi Lean dan melihat konstruksi dalam hal "produksi", alih-alih sebagai "transformasi", konsep "Konstruksi Lean" berhasil meningkatkan efisiensi proses konstruksi secara keseluruhan, dengan meningkatkan cara bagaimana operasi proyek konstruksi dikelola. Manajemen Desain Lean, merupakan metodologi yang sedang dipromosikan sebagai paradigma baru dimana proses desain dapat dibuat lebih efisien dan hasil kualitas yang lebih baik dicapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan proses desain teknik pada sebuah sistem yang kompleks seperti halnya sebuah proyek desain fasilitas eksploitasi minyak dan bumi yang berada di lepas pantai. Tesis ini mengusulkan model workflow berdasarkan prinsip Lean dengan menghilangkan buangan (waste) dan memaksimalkan efisensi dalam proses desain teknik bagi pelanggan atau pemilik fasilitas.

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Poor quality of design and documentation has been identified as a major factor in reducing the performance and efficiency of construction projects. By adapting the principles of production of Lean and apply the construction in terms of "production", rather than as "transformation", the concept of "construction Lean" managed to increase the overall efficiency of the construction process, by improving the way operations are managed on construction projects. Design Management Lean, a methodology that is being promoted as a new paradigm in which the design process can be made more efficient and better quality outcomes achieved. This study aims to improve the engineering design process in a complex system such as an oil exploitation project of offshore facility design. This thesis proposes a model workflows based on the principles of Lean by eliminating the waste and to maximize efficiency in process engineering design for the customer or the owner of the facility."

"PT BIRU yang menyediakan jasa konsultasi enjiniring di bidang minyak dan gas, diketahui sering mengalami keterlambatan waktu penyelesaian proyek terutama terkait proses DED (Detailed Engineering Design) sehingga menimbulkan kerugian bagi perusahaan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan analisis pemborosan pada proses DED dalam proyek EPC (Engineering, Procurement dan Construction) yang dijalankan perusahaan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Lean Design Management. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner, wawancara, dan data sekunder. Diagnosis dan evaluasi proses desain menggunakan value stream mapping, distribusi waktu, serta indikator kinerja. Dari identifikasi 24 pemborosan yang diteliti, ditemukan 10 pemborosan dengan kumulatif frekuensi 80% terjadi di proses DED PT BIRU.Dari hasil penelitian diperlukan tindakan perbaikan pada: ruang lingkup pekerjaan; alur komunikasi dan koordinasi internal; quality control; hubungan antar pemilik proyek dan kontraktor; integrasi sistem; motivasi dan dukungan manajemen. Value stream mapping diusulkan untuk mengurangi aktivitas non-added value sebesar 29,3% dan waktu tunggu sebesar 82,5%, serta meningkatkan utilisasi cycle time.

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PT BIRU who provide oil and gas engineering consultation has been suffered from many project delays especially related to DED (Detailed Engineering Design) process. Therefore losses to the company is inevitable. In order to overcome this condition, a waste analysis in DED process of EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) projects is needed. This analysis is conducted using Lean Design Management approach. Data is collected using questionnaire, interview, and secondary data. Process design diagnosis and evaluation is performed using value stream mapping, time distribution, and performance indicator. Out of 24 type of identified wastes, there are 10 type of wastes that have 80% of cumulative frequency that happened in the DED process of PT BIRU.

The research suggests improvement activities in: scope of work; communication and internal coordination; quality control; relationship among project owner and contractor; system integration; and management support. A value stream mapping is proposed to decrease non-added value activity by 29,3%, reducing idle time by 82,5%, and increasing the utilization in the cycle time."

"Kompleksitas proyek EPC yang dikarenakan saling ketergantungan antara aktifitas engineering, procurement dan construction mempunyai tantangan utama dalam mengkoordinasikan aliran informasi dan proses iterasi diantara disiplin engineering yang terlibat. Penerapan concurrent engineering memerlukan suatu sistem untuk meminimalkan terjadinya rework yang disebabkan oleh faktor internal dan eksternal dalam pengelolaan aliran informasi engineering. Tesis ini menggunakan Confirmatory Factor Analysis yang menghasilkan model fitted dengan nilai R2 62% yang menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara faktor internal dan eksternal terhadap rework. Tesis ini juga mengkaji penerapan concurrent engineering dengan pendekatan Design Structure Matrix (DSM) yang bertujuan untuk meminimalkan rework dengan pengaturan aktifitas proyek.

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EPC project complexity with interdependences between engineering, procurement and construction has a major challenge in coordinating the flow of information and iterative process between engineering disciplines. Implementation of concurrent engineering requires a system to minimize the occurrence of rework caused by internal and external factors in the management of the flow of engineering information. With Confirmatory Factor Analysis resulting models fitted R2 62% which showing a significant relationship between internal and external factors with rework. This thesis also examines the application of Concurrent Engineering with Design Structure Matrix (DSM) approach to minimize rework."

"Engineering design, planning and management covers engineering design methodology with an interdisciplinary approach, concise discussions, and a visual format. The book covers the product design process in the context of both established companies and entrepreneurial start-ups. Readers will discover the usefulness of the design process model through practical examples and applications from across the engineering disciplines.Author Hugh Jack takes the reader through phases ranging from risk assessment and need identification through specification and detailed design, addressing intellectual property issues as well. Recognizing that design is a process commonly performed in teams, Jack also covers project management and team dynamic topics where appropriate."