Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah aktivitas cross-border acquisition dan tax avoidance di perusahaan kawasan Asia akan berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan pengakuisisi. Selain itu penelitian ini juga ingin mengetahui apakah aktivitas tax avoidance akan memoderasi hubungan antara cross-border acquisition dengan nilai perusahaan pengakuisisi. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga pengukuran tax avoidance yaitu effective tax rate differences, book tax differences dan residual book tax differences. Penelitian ini meneliti 567 akuisisi yang terjadi di kawasan Asia pada periode tahun 2012-2014. Peneliti menemukan bahwa aktivitas cross-border acquisition akan menghasilkan value destruction atau penurunan nilai bagi nilai perusahaan pengakuisisi. Hasil penelitian ini mendukung managerialis dan hubris hypothesis, dimana aktivitas cross-border acqusition justru terbukti menurunkan nilai perusahaan mungkin disebabkan karena adanya overpayment atau tindakan ekspropriasi dari managemen yang terjadi pada proses akuisisi. Sedangkan aktivitas tax avoidance terbukti dapat memberikan nilai tambah bagi perusahaan. Aktivitas tax avoidance memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan positif terhadap nilai perusahaan. Namun aktivitas tax avoidance tidak terbukti dapat memoderasi hubungan antara cross-border acquisition dengan nilai perusahaan pengakuisisi.

---

ABSTRACTThis study aims to examine the effect of the activity of cross border acquisition and tax avoidance on firm value in Asian firms and the effect of activity of tax avoidance as a moderation of relatedness activities cross border acquisition and firm value. This study used three measurements of tax avoidance, effective tax rate differences, book tax differences and residual book tax differences. Our research covers activity of cross border acquisitions by 567 Asian firm during the periode 2012 2014. We found that cross border acquisition activities create value destruction on acquirer firm value. This result is consistent with managerialist dan hubris hypothesis that value destruction on cross border acquisitions might occur because overpayment or expropriation by managemnet in acquisition process. We found that tax avoidance has a positif effect on firm value. But tax avoidance activity as a moderation have no impact on the relationship between cross border acquisition and firm value."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat ketertaikan antara faktor makroekonomi terhadap transaksi cross-border merger dan akuisisi di Indonesia pada tahun 2009 hingga tahun 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan enam faktor makroekonomi yaitu tingkat pertumbuhan GDP, tingkat inflasi, tingkat suku bunga, perubahan nilai tukar, dan return IHSG sebagai variabel independen dimana di dalamnya memuat variabel lagging.  Dengan menggunakan metode ekonometrika, ditemukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh faktor makroekonomi terhadap kesepakatan transaksi merger dan akusisi di Indonesia. Faktor pertumbuhan GDP, Return IHSG, Perubahan kurs, dan apresiasi rupiah berpengaruh signifikan pada pengambilan Keputusan kesepakatan merger dan akuisisi. Terdapat perbedaan faktor yang berpengaruh dalam transaski cross-border M&A. Inbound M&A dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh pertumbuhan GDP dan perubahan kurs. Sedangkan, outbound M&A dipengaruhi signifikan oleh pertumbuhan GDP, suku bunga, dan perubahan kurs. Perbadaan pengaruh faktor makroekonomi terhadap keseluruhan kesepakatan dan cross-border merger dan akuisisi menunjukkan bahwa daya tarik ekonomi suatu negara akan mempengaruhi investasi masuk dan keluar di negara tersebut.

---

This study aims to examine the relationship between macroeconomic factors and cross-border merger and acquisition (M&A) transactions in Indonesia from 2009 to 2023. The study employs six macroeconomic factors: GDP growth rate, inflation rate, interest rate, exchange rate changes, and IHSG returns as independent variables, incorporating lagging variables. Utilizing econometric methods, it was found that macroeconomic factors significantly impact merger and acquisition agreements in Indonesia. GDP growth, IHSG returns, exchange rate changes, and rupiah appreciation significantly influence M&A decision-making. There are distinct factors affecting cross-border M&A transactions. Inbound M&A is significantly influenced by GDP growth and exchange rate changes, whereas outbound M&A is significantly affected by GDP growth, interest rates, and exchange rate changes. The differences in the impact of macroeconomic factors on overall and cross-border M&A agreements indicate that a country's economic attractiveness influences both inward and outward investments."

"The purpose of this research are 1) to examine and analyze the change to acquirer’s finance performances before and after merger and acquisition which is measured by Quick Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Average Collection Period, and Return on Equity; and 2) to examine and analyze the change to the abnormal return before and after acquisition. Sample of this research consists of 14 non financing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange and research period of 2005-2008. That selected by using purposive sampling method. Technique of analyzed for examining the hypothesis is Wilcoxon Sign Test at level significant 10%.The result shows that financial ratio indifference between before and after merger and acquisition, except Debt to Equity Ratio is decreasing, and the merger and acquisition announcement did not get any response from the investors, because there were no significant changes to the abnormal return before and after the announcement. These results indicate that merger and acquisition does not provide synergy for acquiring firm and they cannot achieve economic motive."

"The purpose of this research are 1) to examine and analyze the change to acquirer’s finance performances before and after merger and acquisition which is measured by Quick Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Average Collection Period, and Return on Equity; and 2) to examine and analyze the change to the abnormal return before and after acquisition. Sample of this research consists of 14 non financing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange and research period of 2005-2008. That selected by using purposive sampling method. Technique of analyzed for examining the hypothesis is Wilcoxon Sign Test at level significant 10%. The result shows that financial ratio indifference between before and after merger and acquisition, except Debt to Equity Ratio is decreasing, and the merger and acquisition announcement did not get any response from the investors, because there were no significant changes to the abnormal return before and after the announcement. These results indicate that merger and acquisition does not provide synergy for acquiring firm and they cannot achieve economic motive"

"Makalah ini berusaha untuk mengkaji dampak berbeda dari transaksi merger dan akuisisi (M&A) terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan yang mengakuisisi di berbagai kondisi pasar. Makalah ini mencakup tinjauan literatur yang meliputi teori kesepakatan M&A, motif, dan temuan empiris sebelumnya terkait kinerja perusahaan setelah transaksi M&A. Data yang digunakan terdiri dari 162 transaksi merger dan akuisisi yang telah selesai dalam periode 2012 hingga 2021 dari perusahaan yang terdaftar di pasar negara berkembang (India, Malaysia, dan Taiwan) serta negara maju (Belgia, Belanda, Luksemburg (Benelux), Jerman, dan Inggris). Kinerja keuangan diukur menggunakan return on asset (ROA), return on equity (ROE), dan earnings per share (EPS). Data dianalisis menggunakan metode statistik deskriptif, uji normalitas, dan uji hipotesis dengan Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa transaksi M&A memberikan dampak kinerja keuangan yang serupa pada perusahaan di pasar negara berkembang dan negara maju. Terdapat efek positif yang signifikan secara keseluruhan terhadap ROA dan ROE perusahaan yang mengakuisisi pasca-transaksi M&A. Namun, EPS dari perusahaan yang mengakuisisi menurun setelah transaksi M&A.

---

This paper tries to examine the differential impact of merger and acquisitions (M&A) transactions on acquiring firms' financial performance across different market conditions. It includes literature review that encompasses M&A deals theory, motive, and prior empirical findings on a firm's performance after an M&A transaction. Using data of 162 completed merger and acquisitions transactions in the period 2012 to 2021 from listed companies in emerging markets (India, Malaysia, and Taiwan) and developed countries (Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg (Benelux), Germany, and the United Kingdom). Financial performance is measured using return on asset (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and earnings per share (EPS). The data were analyzed by the following statistical methods: descriptive statistics, normality test, and hypothesis test using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. This study presents evidence that M&A transactions lead to a similar financial performance impact on a firm's in emerging markets and developed countries. There is an overall significant positive effect found for acquirer firms’ ROA and ROE post-M&A deals. Whereas, EPS of acquiring firms deteriorated after M&A transactions."

"Perkembangan ekonomi dunia melalui transaksi yang bersifat lokal, nasional, regional maupun global melahirkan suatu kebutuhan pemahaman mengenai aspek hukum dan pertautan antar hukum itu sendiri. Kegiatan merger dan akuisisi (M&A) perusahaan sebagai salah satu bentuknya semakin mengglobal dengan melibatkan perusahaan antar negara (cross border merger). Beberapa negara di dunia telah memiliki peraturan tersendiri mengenai hal ini, sedangkan hal serupa belum diatur di Indonesia. Kegiatan M&A bukan merupakan hal yang asing lagi di Indonesia namun pengaturan yang ada masih bersifat umum, pengaturan M&A yang ada diterapkan kepada perusahaan Indonesia dan juga kepada perusahaan asing yang terlibat. Langkah perusahaan melakukan cross border merger dilatarbelakangi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain dilihat dari teori ekonomisnya. Sehubungan dengan ketiadaan pengaturan khusus mengenai cross border merger di Indonesia maka contoh di negara lain dapat dijadikan suatu pembelajaran, salah satunya adalah merger AstraZeneca yang melibatkan perusahaan Inggris dan Swedia. Sehubungan dengan cross border merger kemudian timbul pertanyaan-pertanyaan seperti hukum negara manakah yang berlaku dimana dalam banyak hal yang berlaku adalah hukum dimana perusahaan yang eksis berkedudukan."

"Tesis ini menganalisa mengenai reaksi pasar terhadap pengumuman kegiatan merger dan akuisisi dengan menggunakan data saham harian perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan rentang waktu 2005-2009 dengan 5 perusahaan yang memenuhi persyaratan. Penelitian ini tidak menemukan adanya keuntungan positif yang diterima oleh pemegang saham akibat pengumuman tersebut dengan menggunakan periode pengamatan [-10,60]. Setelah merger dan akuisisi Perusahaan kembali dianalisa menggunakan metode DuPont Analysis, Market Value Added, Free Cash Flow, dan Ratio - Ratio liquidity.

---

This thesis analyzed market reaction of merger and acquisition announcement using daily closing price of companies that registered on Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research used five of data period companies that meet requirements between 2005-2009. There were no positive return during those periods that can be received by shareholder. After the merger and acquisition was taken, these companies also being analized by DuPont Analysis, Market Value Added, Free Cash Flow, and Liquidity Ratios."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh dari perhatian investor dalam transaksi merger dan akuisisi dengan metode stock-swap pada saham perusahaan pengakuisisi dari perusahaan Indonesia di periode 2008 ndash; 2017. Metode stock-swap banyak mengindikasikan adanya kerugian pengakuisisi pada periode pengumuman, hal ini terutama dipengaruhi perhatian investor terhadap saham pengakuisisi yang menggunakan sahamnya yang mengalami overvaluasi dalam transaksi.Temuan dari penelitian ini yang dilakukan menggunakan 128 merger dan akuisisi atas perusahaan di Indonesia selama periode 2008 2017 yang menggunakan metode pembayaran kas dan saham menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan yang menggunakan sahamnya yang terpapar oleh perhatian investor yang rendah, tidak mengalami kerugian di periode pengumuman dibandingkan dengan yang terpapar perhatian investor tinggi atau menggunakan kas sebagai metode pembayaran.Penggunaan saham, penggunaan saham dengan perhatian investor yang rendah, dan penggunaan saham dengan perhatian investor yang rendah dan mengalami overvaluasi memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap return abnormal dari saham pengakusisi di periode pengumuman yang mengurangi biaya transaksi terhadap target. Hasil penelitian ini juga dipengaruhi oleh fakta bahwa nilai return abnormal di pasar saham di negara negara Asia lebih tinggi dibandingkan pasar saham di negara negara di Amerika dan Eropa.

---

This study aims to investigate the effects of Investor Attention in Stock Swap Mergers and Acquisition on Acquirers Stock in Acquiring Indonesian Firms for Periods 2008 2017. Stock financed mergers and acquisition or stock swap mergers and acquisition indicates significant announce period losses for acquirers.

The findings in this research done with 128 mergers and acquisitions of Indonesian firms done in the period of 2008 ndash 2017 which uses cash or stock as payment shows that acquirers using their overvalued stock that are subject to limited investor attention do not experience significant announce period losses compared to those that are subject to higher investor attention and done with cash as payment.

The use of stock, stock with limited investor attention, and overvalued stock with limited investor attention has a positive effect on announcement period abnormal returns of acquirer stock therefore lessening the amount paid to its target. The findings in this research is also effected by the fact that abnormal returns in Asian stock markets are higher than those in American and European markets."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh dari merger dan akuisisi terhadap kinerja perusahaan pengakuisisi di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Kinerja perusahaan diukur menggunakan current ratio, quiek ratio, return on assets, return on equity, total debt to total sssets, total debt to lotal equity, total assets turnover, prele operating cash flow rcturn on assets dan abnormal return.Penelitian ini menggunakan data dokumenter. Sedangkan populasi penelitian ini meliputi perusahaan publik yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia yang pemah melakukan merger dan akuisisi pada periode 2000-2007. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling, yang mana terdapat 33 perusahaan pengakuisisi yang masuk dalam kriteria penelitian ini. Metode analisis data yang digunakan normalitas data dan uji beda Paired Sample T-Test' Abnormal retum dianalisis menggunakan event study, model yang digunakan adalah market model.Hasil pengujian dari hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada rasio culrenl ralio, quick ralio, lotal assets tumover dan total ossets turnover. Namun hasil pengujian terhadap return on assels, relurn on equity, total debt to total assets, total debt to total equity, dan prelax operating cash JIow return on assets tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan.

---

This research aims to examine the effect of merger and acquisition on acquirer Companies's performance at Indonesia Stock Exchange. Corporate performance is measured using current ratio, quick ratio, retum on assets, retum on equity, total debt to total assets, total debt to total equity, total assets tumover, pre-tax operating cash flow return on assets and abnormal retum.

This research uses documentary data. ln this research data applied is documenter. While population of this research covers inscribed public company in Indonesia Stock Excange which done merger and acquisition at time line 2000-2007 . Sampling method applied in this research is purposive sampling, which there are 33 acquirer companies entering in this research criterion. Data analysis method data normality, difference test Paired Sample T-Test. While to analysis average abnormal return by event study analysis using market model.

Result from test indicated existence of difference which significance for current ratio, quick ratio, total assets tumover dan total assets tumover. While result testing retum on assets, return on equity, total debt to total assets, total debt to total equity, and pre-tax operating cash flow retum on assets at time line before merger and acquisition doesn't differ from at time line after merger and acquisition."