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"The book examines commonalities and differences in the operation of various structures of power (gender, class, race/ethnicity, generation) and their interactions within the institutional domains of intra-national and especially inter-national migration that produce context-specific forms of social injustice. Additional contributions have been included so as to cover issues of legal liminality and how the social construction of not only femininity but also masculinity affects all migrants and all women. The resulting set of 19 detailed, interconnected case studies makes a valuable contribution to reorienting our perceptions and values in the discussions and decision-making concerning migration, and to raising awareness of key issues in migrants’ rights."

"This essay examines the consequences of migration by looking at the relationship between migration and social transformation. In particular, it focuses on the construction of gender and how migration disrupted traditional gender relations among Hadramis from Hadramawt valley of Southern Yemen in Indonesia. It utilizes a fictional work criticizing migration as a point of departure in looking at the effects of migration on the traditional order. The text is important as it is a critique of migration written from the perspective of the Thariqah 'Alawiyyah (the dominant Sufi order in Hadramaut), thereby, highlighting the disruption caused by migration to traditional structures. The essay is divided into four parts. The first deals with the background information concerning migration and the Thariqah in order to contextualize the text The second part looks at how migration disrupts the notion of masculinity and femininity' The third part focuses on the concept of family and its reconfiguration due to migration And the final concluding section places the Hadrami migration experience into a gendered theoretical framework to illustrate that gender is historically and culturally dependent."

"ABSTRACTThe article considers the relationship between migration from Central Asia to the Russian Federation and gender relations. In particular, the paper describes the age sex composition of the migration flows from three countries of the subregion (Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan) and discusses the case of Kyrgyzstan with its active female migration. Male migrants are more often employed in construction and are paid more than female migrants, who work mostly in trade and services. However, men and women show almost no difference in complying with migration laws, vulnerability in interactions with the state, relations with employers and apartment owners as well as transnational practices. The article also considers possibilities for family reunification, and gendered differences in inter ethnic communication. The article concludes that further studies are required, and that assistance mechanisms are required for women who do not receive financial assistance from their migrant husbands. The article also finds that migrants sexual and reproductive behaviour is characterized by limited access to information about risks and also requires thorough study."

"Tesis ini meneliti tentang kemiskinan kota di Jakarta dari sisi gender dan migrasi. Perspektif gender yang dimaksud dalam penelitian ini adalah membandingkan karakteristik kemiskinan rumah tangga perempuan di kota dan rumah tangga laki-­laki, sementara perspektif migrasi yang dimaksud adalah membandingkan karakteristik kemiskinan rumah tangga migran dan rumah tangga non migran. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari Basis Data Terpadu (BDT) yang dikelola oleh Tim Nasional Percepatan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan (TNP2K) dan Data Migrasi hasil pendataan program perlindungan social (PPLS) 2011. Analisis dilakukan melalui dua metode, yakni secara deskriptif dan dengan menggunakan metode regresi logistic. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bantuan sosial yang diberikan pemerintah, seperti beras miskin (raskin), Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH), dan jaminan kesehatan masyarakat (jamkesmas), tingkat pendidikan kepala rumah tangga (SD, SMP, SMA-­keatas), kepala rumah tangga pada kelompok umur di atas 64 tahun (age_tua), jenis kelamin kepala rumah tangga (jk), status pekerjaan kepala rumah tangga informal/formal (inf), kepemilikan KTP DKI Jakarta (KTP), lama tinggal kepala rumah tangga (migran), jumlah anggota rumah tangga (jml_art), rasio jumlah anggota rumah tangga yang bekerja terhadap jumlah anggota rumah tangga (ras_bekerja), angka ketergantungan/dependency ratio dalam rumah tangga (dep_rasio), luas lantai per kapita (j_lt), jenis lantai rumah (d_lt), status kepemilikan rumah (d_rmh), akses terhadap air bersih (d_air), dan akses terhadap tempat pembuangan akhir tinja (d_jamban). Hasilnya, varibel yang menjadi determinan kemiskinan perempuan di Jakarta adalah Jumlah ART, Dependecy Ratio, Status pekerjaan (Informal), Luas lantai < 8m2, Jenis lantai rumah, Sanitasi buruk, Usia KRT diatas 64 tahun, Pendidikan kepala rumah tangga, Proporsi jumlah ART yang Bekerja, Status Kepemilikan Rumah, Akses terhadap Air bersih, dan Penerima manfaat program perlindungan sosial. Kemudian variabel yang menjadi determinan kemiskinan migran di Jakarta adalah Jumlah ART, Dependecy Ratio, Status pekerjaan (Informal), Luas lantai < 8m2 , Jenis lantai rumah, Sanitasi buruk, Usia KRT diatas 64 tahun, Pendidikan kepala rumah tangga, Proporsi jumlah ART yang Bekerja, dan Akses terhadap Air bersih.

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This thesis examines the urban poverty in Jakarta in terms of gender and migration. Gender perspective in this research mean to compare the poverty characteristics of women and men households , while migration perspective mean to compare the poverty characteristics of migrant and non-­ migrant households . The data used in this study comes from the Integrated Data Base (BDT) which is managed by the National Team for Accelerating Poverty Reduction (TNP2K) and Migration Data from data collection on social protection program (PPLS) 2011. The analysis was performed in two methods, descriptively and logistic regression. The variables used in this study are the social assistance provided by the government , such as rice for the poor (Raskin), Family Hope Program (PKH), and health insurance (jamkesmas) , the level of education of household head (SD, SMP, SMA-­keatas) , household heads in the age group above 64 years (age_tua), gender of household head (jk), employment status of the head of household (inf), ownership of Jakarta ID card (KTP), length of stay of the head of the household (migrant), number of household members (jml_art), the ratio of the number of household members who work on the number of household members (ras_bekerja) , the dependency ratio in the household (dep_rasio), floor area per capita (J_lt), the type of the floor of the house (d_lt), home ownership status (d_rmh), access to clean water (d_air) , and access to the place of final disposal of feces (d_jamban). The result of the research, which becomes the determinant variables of poverty among women in Jakarta are the number of household members , dependecy ratio , employment status ( Informal ) , floor area < 8m2 , the floor type , bad sanitation , Age of the head of household was over 64 years, education of the head of household, proportion of member of household that work, Home Ownership status, access to clean water, and beneficiaries of social protection programs. Meanwhile, the determinant variables of urban poverty among migrants in Jakarta is the number of household members, dependecy ratio, employment status (Informal) , floor area < 8m2 , the floor type, bad sanitation, Age of the head of household was over 64 years, education of household head, proportion of member of household that work, and access to clean water."

"Penelitian ini membahas faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakangi pengambilan keputusan migrasi perempuan Indonesia yang menikah dengan laki-laki Jepang dan berusaha melihat posisi perempuan dalam negosiasi pengambilan keputusan terkait migrasi. Pernikahan internasional memicu migrasi salah satu pasangan ke negara asal pasangannya. Faktor pendorong dari Indonesia dan faktor penarik dari Jepang diteliti menggunakan kerangka teori push and pull. Kemudian diteliti juga bagaimana adaptasi perempuan migran pasca migrasi, serta bagaimana kehidupan di Jepang berpengaruh kepada keinginan untuk bermigrasi kembali ke Indonesia menggunakan kerangka teori peran sosial pada pembagian peran gender. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap 7 perempuan Indonesia yang bertemu suaminya di Indonesia dan kemudian bermigrasi ke Jepang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perempuan Indonesia bermigrasi ke Jepang dipicu faktor ekonomi yang bersinergi dengan dorongan ideologi peran sosial yang berakar pada persepsi dan ekspektasi tentang peran gender tradisional. Setelah bermigrasi, sedikit sekali informan yang dapat bekerja pada level yang sama dengan pekerjaannya di Indonesia sehingga status mereka berubah menjadi ‘migran pengikut’. Ketergantungan ini memperkuat dinamika kekuasaan patriarki dalam rumah tangga dan membuat perempuan migran lebih rentan terhadap kontrol dan kekerasan domestik. Hanya 2 dari 7 informan yang berkeinginan untuk bermigrasi kembali ke Indonesia, 5 informan lainnya berencana untuk menetap di Jepang.

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This study examines the factors behind the migration decision-making of Indonesian women married to Japanese men and looks at the position of women in negotiating migration-related decisions. International marriages trigger migration of one spouse to the other's home country. Push factors from Indonesia and pull factors from Japan are examined using the push and pull theoretical framework. It also examines how women migrants adapt after migration, and how life in Japan affects the desire to migrate back to Indonesia using the social role theory framework on the division of gender roles. The research used qualitative methods with in-depth interviews with 7 Indonesian women who met their husbands in Indonesia and then migrated to Japan. The results showed that Indonesian women migrated to Japan due to economic factors that synergized with the drive of social role ideology rooted in perceptions and expectations of traditional gender roles. After migrating, very few informants were able to work at the same level as their jobs in Indonesia so their status turned into 'follower migrants'. This dependency reinforces patriarchal power dynamics in the household and makes migrant women more vulnerable to domestic control and violence. Only 2 out of 7 informants would like to migrate back to Indonesia, while the other 5 informants plan to stay in Japan."