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"Skripsi ini akan membahas competitive authoritarian regime di Turki pada kasus referendum 2017. Refendum 2017 merupakan inisiasi Erdo-an yang sejak 2011 mengatakan bahwa Turki akan semakin kuat dan stabil apabila menganut sistem presidensial. Erdo-an didukung oleh AKP dan MHP di Parlemen, sedangkan HDP dan CHP menolak karena poin-poin amandemen dapat menghasilkan otoritarianisme di Turki. Referendum diselenggarakan pada kondisi darurat negara setelah kudeta gagal pada 2016 oleh kelompok G len. Pada perencanaan dan prosesnya, ditemukan beberapa dinamika politik yang terjadi di Turki yaitu tindak represi terhadap kelompok oposisi, ketimpangan sumber daya dan akses kampanye, serta adanya indikasi kecurangan yang terjadi dalam proses referendum. Dengan demikian, temuan-temuan tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa rezim Erdo-an mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai competitive authoritarian pada kasus referendum 2017.

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This thesis discusses the case of Erdo an regime on the case of Turkish referendum 2017. The referendum was initiated by Erdo an, whom argued that presidential system will make the country stronger and more stable. The referendum was supported by AKP and MHP in the Parliament, but then opposed by HDP and CHP due to their concern of one man rule in Turkey. The referendum was held in the state emergency situation since the failed coup attempt on 2016 by the G lenists. In the preparation and process, there were repression to the oppositions, uneven access to the resources and campaign, and some indication of an unfair election. Based on the findings, this thesis concluded that Erdo an rsquo s regime had implemented and embodied the competitive authoritarian model, especially in the case of the 2017's referendum. "

"ABSTRAKFokus dari tesis ini adalah mengenai faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan gelombang demokratisasi Arab Spring di Mesir tahun 2011 dalam menciptakan demokratisasi dann menumbangkan rezim otoriter Housni Mubarak. Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan tesis ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Untuk menganalisa hal tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan konsep the thrid wave democratizationdan social movement. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan bahwa keberhasilan egyptian revolution dipengaruhi oleh perpaduan faktor internal dan eksternal. Perkembangan new public sphere dan teknologi media sosial di kawasan MENA, dominasi angkatan muda di Mesir, adanya peranan militer serta perkembangan islam politik di Mesir yang memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keberhasilan gerakan arab spring di Mesir berhasil menumbangkan rezim otoriter sebagai bentuk awal terciptanya demokratisasi di Mesir.

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ABSTRACTThe focus of this thesis is about the factors that influence the success of the Arab Spring wave of democratization in Egypt in 2011 to create and overthrow democracy Housni Mubarak's authoritarian regime. Research used in this thesis is a qualitative study. To analyze this, this study uses the concept of the third wave Democratization and social movements. The research resulted in findings that the success of Egyptian revolution influenced by a combination of internal and external factors. Development of new public sphere and social media technologies in the MENA region, the dominance of the young generation in Egypt, the role of the military as well as the development of political Islam in Egypt which has a significant impact on the success of the Arab Spring movement in Egypt succeeded in overthrowing the authoritarian regime as an early form of democratization in Egypt ."