Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"ABSTRAKThis study aimed to measure parasitology parameters (microfilariae rate, microfilariae density), immunology parameter (antigen prevalence), and entomology parameters (infection rate and infective rate) after the fifth year of mass treatment at Pabean Village, Pekalongan City. This study was an observational study with cross-sectional approach that was conducted in July to August 2015 in Pabean Subdistrict, Pekalongan City. The microfilaria rate and microfilariae density were determined by finger blood survey of 313 respondents. Meanwhile, the antigen prevalence was determined by calculating the circulating antigen using the immunochromatographic test (ICT) Wuchereria bancrofti method. Finally, the infective rate and infection rate were both explicitly defined by detecting filarial worm larvae in the mosquitoes of man biting mosquitos collection. The results showed that the mf rate was 0.32% with average microfilariae density of 167/mL blood, the antigen prevalence of the calculation was 0%, the infection rate was 0.06% and the infective rate was 0%. In conclusion, after the fifth year of mass treatment in Pabean Area, Pekalongan City, the area is no longer included into the filariasis endemic areas and the transmission parameters has no potential in causing the filariasis spreading."

"ABSTRAKWest Pasaman District and Agam District are filariasis endemic areas in West Sumatra with prevalence of 12.40 per 100,000 cases and 11.27 per 100,000 cases respectively. This study aimed to determine risk factors associated with the prevalence of filariasis and mapping the vulnerability of the area in West Sumatra. A case control study design was conducted in the West Pasaman District and Agam District. The study used a sample of 74 cases and 74 controls taken by simple random sampling for the case and purposive random sampling for control. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate, multivariate and spatial. The results in Agam District showed that variables associated relation with filariasis (p value < 0.05) were the level of knowledge, plantations, the paddy, the ceiling of the house. The most dominant risk factor was knowledge. Type of vector that was found was Culex. While in West Pasaman District, the variable associated with filariasis (p value < 0.05) was the use of mosquito nets, the habit of dressing, marshes, and ceiling. The most dominant risk factor was the ceiling of the house."

"ABSTRAKWest Pasaman District and Agam District are filariasis endemic areas in West Sumatra with prevalence of 12.40 per 100,000 cases and 11.27 per 100,000 cases respectively. This study aimed to determine risk factors associated with the prevalence of filariasis and mapping the vulnerability of the area in West Sumatra. A case control study design was conducted in the West Pasaman District and Agam District. The study used a sample of 74 cases and 74 controls taken by simple random sampling for the case and purposive random sampling for control. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate, multivariate and spatial. The results in Agam District showed that variables associated relation with filariasis (p value < 0.05) were the level of knowledge, plantations, the paddy, the ceiling of the house. The most dominant risk factor was knowledge. Type of vector that was found was Culex. While in West Pasaman District, the variable associated with filariasis (p value < 0.05) was the use of mosquito nets, the habit of dressing, marshes, and ceiling. The most dominant risk factor was the ceiling of the house."

"Latar Belakang: Saat ini terdapat 1,3 miliar penduduk di dunia berisiko tertular filariasis pada lebih dari 83 negara dan 50% orang terinfeksi tinggal di Asia Tenggara termasuk Indonesia. Indikator keberhasilan pengendalian filariasis yang telah ditetapkan Kementerian Kesehatan berdasarkan pedoman WHO yaitu kabupaten/kota endemis yang berhasil menurunkan angka mikrofilaria menjadi < 1% dengan menerapkan Mass Drug Administration (MDA) minimal cakupan pengobatan >65% populasi. Pemberian Obat Pencegahan Massal (POPM) dengan Diethylcarbamazine citrate dan Albendazole telah dilakukan di Kota Pekalongan sejak tahun 2011-2015 dengan cakupan pengobatan sebesar >65%, namun hasil evaluasi mini TAS tahun 2019 prevalensi antigen masih > 2%. Berdasarkan pedoman WHO, program POPM Kota Pekalongan harus diperpanjang selama 2 tahun dengan obat Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine citrate dan Albendazole (IDA), namun cakupan pengobatan IDA putaran pertama <65%. Perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk membuat model evaluasi POPM filariasis agar dapat dilakukan perbaikan dalam program serta meningkatkan cakupan pengobatan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain mixed methods sekuensial eksplanatori dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 646 sampel untuk data kuantitatif (pengambilan darah jari sebanyak 300µl untuk pemeriksaan antigen dan wawancara terstruktur kuesioner) dan 9 informan dari petugas kesehatan dan penduduk untuk data kualitatif (input, proses, out, outcome program, serta perilaku minum obat penduduk). Penelitian dilakukan pada total 10 kelurahan di daerah endemik Kota Pekalongan dengan teknik sampling menggunakan sistem cluster (40 cluster RW) dipilih secara consecutive sampling. Hasil: Didapatkan model evaluasi pada aspek input yang memerlukan perbaikan berupa evaluasi pendanaan, pada evaluasi aspek proses didapatkan evaluasi pendampingan petugas kesehatan pada masyarakat dengan kriteria tertentu dengan perbaikan komunikasi untuk sosialisasi pengobatan, didapatkan juga model evaluasi pada aspek output dan outcome. Kesimpulan: Model evaluasi program POPM yang tepat yaitu model evaluasi komprehensif (input, proses, ouput, outcome), pada bagian proses harus dioptimalkan pada evaluasi pendampingan petugas kesehatan pada praktik minum obat untuk masyarakat dengan kriteria tertentu dan perbaikan komunikasi untuk sosialisasi melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif, untuk dapat meningkatan cakupan pengobatan dan sosialisasi yang merata. Saran : Model evaluasi program Pemberian Obat Pencegahan Massal yang komprehensif (input, proses, output, outcome) perlu dilakukan agar dapat memperbaiki pendampingan petugas kesehatan dalam praktik minum obat dan perbaikan komuniasi sosialisasi pengobatan pada masyarakat dengan kriteria tertentu untuk dapat meningkatkan cakupan pengobatan di daerah endemik tipe perkotaan.

---

Background: Currently, there are 1.3 billion people in the world at risk of contracting filariasis in more than 83 countries and 50% of infected people live in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. The indicators for the success of filariasis control that have been determined by the Ministry of Health based on WHO guidelines are endemic districts/cities that have succeeded in reducing the number of microfilariae to <1% by implementing Mass Drug Administration (MDA) with a minimum treatment coverage of >65% of the population. Mass Preventive Drug Administration (POPM) with Diethylcarbamazine citrate and Albendazole have been carried out in Pekalongan City since 2011-2015 with a treatment coverage of >65%. However, the 2019 TAS mini-evaluation results showed that antigen prevalence was still >2%. Based on WHO guidelines, the Pekalongan City POPM program should be extended for 2 years with Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine citrate, and Albendazole (IDA) drugs, but the coverage of the first round of IDA treatment was <65%. Research needs to be conducted to create an evaluation model for POPM filariasis so that improvements can be made to the program and treatment coverage can be increased. Method: This study used a mixed methods sequential explanatory design with a sample size of 646 samples for quantitative data (taking 300µl of finger blood for antigen examination and structured questionnaire interviews) and 9 informants from health workers and residents for qualitative data (input, process, output, program outcome, and residents' medication-taking behavior). The research was conducted in 10 sub-districts in the endemic area of ​​Pekalongan City using a sampling technique using a cluster system (40 RW clusters) selected using consecutive sampling. Results: An evaluation model was obtained for the input aspect that required improvement in the form of funding evaluation, in the process aspect evaluation an assessment of health worker assistance was obtained for the community with certain criteria with improved communication for treatment socialization, an evaluation model was also obtained for the output and outcome aspects. Conclusion: The appropriate evaluation model for the POPM program is comprehensive (input, process, output, outcome). The process section must be optimized in evaluating health worker assistance in taking medication for the community with certain criteria and improving communication for socialization through quantitative and qualitative approaches, to increase the coverage of treatment and socialization evenly. Suggestion: A comprehensive evaluation model for the Mass Preventive Drug Administration program (input, process, output, outcome) needs to be carried out to improve the assistance of health workers in the practice of taking medication and improve communication and socialization of treatment in the community with certain criteria to be able to increase treatment coverage in endemic urban areas."

"ABSTRAKEven though Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) program has been running in Indonesia since 2006, the proportion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women remains high in some districts in Indonesia. The PMTCT program aims to reduce transmission of HIV from mother to child. Thus it requires an examination of the PMTCT program implementation. The study was a qualitative study on PMTCT program implementation in South Jakarta, Indonesia, whereas the proportion of children with HIV positive in the area was quite high. The analysis used domain analysis by looking the implementation of PMTCT as a system consisting of input, process and output. PMTCT strategy is based on a comprehensive four-pronged strategy. This study found that scaling-up communication and education about PMTCT program from health provider to community was needed. In the first prong, there was no specific health provider for PMTCT program, it was still integrated with the MCH staff. PMTCT program did not disseminate information to the community.Therefore, it seemed that it was underutilized. In the second prong, implementation of HIV testing and counseling for couples of women living with HIV remained a bottleneck because women living with HIV felt fear to inform their HIV status to their partners. Thus, counseling and HIV testing for couples have not benefited at all. These women were unsatisfied with the quality of counseling, and the failure to provide antiretroviral treatments. This study found the low coverage and less responsiveness of PMTCT program to build a network of partners with various elements of government."

"Toddler is a group at risk of undernutrition in which World Health Organization stated that toddler mortality because of undernutrition was 54% in 2002. InIndonesia, its prevalence increased from 17.9% in 2010 to 19.6% in 2013. In Tangerang City, there was 1.43% of toddlers suffering from undernutrition in2013. This study aimed to prove in valid the relation between Hearth Program, which covered behaviors of food providing, toddler’s hygiene, health care seekingand toddler parenting, with undernutrition incidence among toddlers. This study was quantitative, cross-sectional, using primary data, analyzed in univariate,bivariate and multivariate within September 2015. Samples were taken by total sampling as many as 60 toddlers suffering from undernutrition in TangerangCity. Results showed that 12 (20%) of 60 toddlers suffered from very underweight nutrition and the remaining 48 toddlers (80%) suffered from underweightnutrition. There was a relation between food-providing behavior and health-care seeking behavior with undernutrition among toddlers. Variable food-providingbehavior was the dominant factor influencing undernutrition among toddlers with OR = 4.655 (CI = 1.052 – 20.6) after controlled by the variable healthcare-seeking behavior.Kelompok yang rentan terhadap gizi kurang adalah anak bawah lima tahun (balita). World Health Organization menyatakan kematian balita akibat gizi kurangsebesar 54% pada tahun 2002. Di Indonesia, prevalensinya mengalami peningkatan dari 17,9% tahun 2010 menjadi 19,6% tahun 2013. Di KotaTangerang, terdapat 1,43% balita yang mengalami gizi buruk tahun 2013. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara valid hubungan Program PosGizi yang meliputi perilaku pemberian makan, kebersihan balita, pencarian pelayanan kesehatan dan pengasuhan balita dengan kejadian gizi kurang padabalita. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, potong lintang, menggunakan data primer serta dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat selamabulan September 2015. Sampel diambil secara total sampling sebanyak 60 balita yang mengalami gizi kurang di Kota Tangerang. Hasil menunjukkanbahwa dari 60 balita yang mengalami gizi kurang, sebanyak 12 balita (20%) mengalami gizi sangat kurus dan sisanya sejumlah 48 balita (80%) mengalamigizi kurus. Terdapat hubungan perilaku pemberian makan dan pencarian pelayanan kesehatan dengan gizi kurang pada balita. Variabel perilaku pemberianmakan merupakan faktor dominan yang memengaruhi gizi kurang pada balita dengan OR = 4,655 (CI = 1,052 – 20,6) setelah dikontrol oleh variabel perilakumencari pelayanan kesehatan."

"ABSTRAKBy 2015, 68% of deaths in Indonesia are due to non-communicable diseases (NCD) and are forecast to increase to 74% by 2030. Riskesdas data of 2013 show that 69.6% of cases of diabetes mellitus and 63.2% of cases of hypertension have not been diagnosed. The government has been trying to proactively make efforts to prevent NCD through the implementation of Posbindu (Integrated Health Post) NCD, but visit Posbindu NCD in the work area of Pasir Mulya Puskesmas, Bogor City is very diverse. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of management, communication, partnership, and innovation in the implementation of Posbindu NCD and determinants of the implementation of Posbindu NCD. We conducted in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, document review and observation at two Posbindu NCD with the highest number of visits and the lowest in Gunung Batu Village, Bogor City in 2017. We interviewed 15 informants, consisting of cadres, in charge of NCD Puskesmas, in charge of Puskesmas Pembantu and supervisor of Posbindu NCD. This research found 4 factors, namely management (human resources, fund, and facilities), innovation, communication and partnership that influence the result of Posbindu implementation. Therefore, to run effectively the Posbindu NCD program, then 4 of those factors need to be optimized.ABSTRAKPada tahun 2015 sebanyak 68% kematian di Indonesia disebabkan penyakit tidak menular (PTM) dan diproyeksi meningkat menjadi 74% tahun 2030. Data Riskesdas tahun 2013 menunjukkan bahwa 69,6% kasus diabetes melitus dan 63,2% kasus hipertensi belum terdiagnosis. Pemerintah proaktif melakukan upaya pencegahan PTM melaluipelaksanaan Posbindu PTM. Data kunjungan Posbindu PTM di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pasir Mulya, Kota Bogor menunjukkan jumlah yang sangat beragam. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis faktor manajemen, komunikasi, kemitraan, dan inovasi dalam pelaksanaan Posbindu PTM dan faktor penentu pelaksanaan Posbindu PTM. Disainpenelitian adalah studi kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam, focus group discussion (FGD), telaah dokumen, dan observasi di dua Posbindu PTM dengan jumlah kunjungan tertinggi dan terendah di Kelurahan Gunung Batu, Kota Bogor tahun 2017. Informan penelitian sebanyak 15 orang yang terdiri dari kader, penanggung jawab program PTM Puskesmas, penanggung jawab Puskesmas Pembantu dan pembina Posbindu PTM. Penelitian menemukan terdapat perbedaan manajemen (SDM, dana, dan sarana), inovasi, komunikasi dan kemitraan antara Posbindu RW 1 dan RW 7 yang memengaruhi hasil pelaksanaan Posbindu PTM. Keempat faktor tersebut pada Posbindu dengan kunjungan terbanyak berjalan lebih optimal dibandingkan dengan Posbindu dengan kunjungan terendah. Agar program PosbinduPTM dapat berjalan efektif maka perlu optimalisasi faktor manajemen, inovasi, komunikasi dan kemitraan."

"Due to particular conditions, sometimes actual height can not be measured. Thus, this study was conducted to develop height prediction model of adolescent from knee height and ulna length. This cross sectional study involved 205 students of SMPN 7 Depok and SMAN 6 Depok. Subjects’s identity was recorded using questionairre, while stature height, knee height, and ulna length was measured directly. Prediction models was developed using multiple regression. Height prediction model from knee height has the highest R2 and the lowest MAE with equation Height (cm) = 38,422 - 1,878 Sex + 1,453 Age (year) + 2,071 knee height (cm).

---

Tinggi badan aktual terkadang tidak dapat diukur karena beberapa kondisi tertentu. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model prediksi tinggi badan pada remaja berdasarkan tinggi lutut dan panjang ulna. Penelitian pontong lintang ini melibatkan 205 murid SMPN 7 Depok dan SMAN 6 Depok. Data identitas subjek diperoleh melalui pengisian kuesioner, sedangkan tinggi badan, tingi lutut, dan panjang ulna diukur langsung. Model prediksi dikembangkan menggunakan regresi ganda. Model prediksi tinggi badan dari tinggi lutut memiliki R2 terbesar dan MAE terkecil dengan persamaan Tinggi Badan (cm) = 38,422 - 1,878 Jenis Kelamin + 1,453 Umur (thn) + 2,071 Tinggi Lutut (cm)."

"Program Eliminasi Filariasis termasuk dalam Rencana Strategis Kementerian Kesehatan RI 2010-2014 dengan satuan lokasi berupa Kabupaten/Kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat aktivitas Kader Puskesmas dalam Program Eliminasi Filariasis dengan cakupan pengobatan massal Filariasis di Kota Depok.Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional, dengan sampel penelitian berupa seluruh Kader Puskesmas di Kelurahan Sukmajaya dan Tirtajaya. Variabel tingkat aktivitas diukur dengan kuesioner, sedangkan data cakupan pengobatan massal Filariasis diperoleh secara sekunder dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Depok.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna antara tingkat aktivitas Kader di Kelurahan Sukmajaya dan Tirtajaya dengan cakupan pengobatan massal Filariasis (p=0,56).

---

Filariasis elimination has become one of the health priorities embodied in Indonesia as manifested in the national program of infectious disease eradication. Filariasis Elimination Program is included in the Ministry of Health Strategic Plan 2010-2014, with District/City Health Department as its program executors. This study is aimed to determine the relationship of the health cadres in the community health centers specifically in the Filariasis Elimination Program with filariasis Mass Drug Administration (MDA) coverage in Depok.

The study uses cross-sectional design, with a sample of the entire health cadres in Sukmajaya and Tirtajaya village (total sampling method). The levels of activity variable measured by a questionnaire, while the data of Filariasis MDA coverage obtained secondary from Depok City Health Department.

The results showed that in general there were no significant relationship between the level of activity of health cadres in Sukmajaya and Tirtajaya village with filariasis MDA coverage, with a significance value of 0.56. Nonetheless specifically significant difference regarding several points of activities, which are steps in diagnosis, health promotion, detect and report of new cases, participate in MDA execution, and educate chronic patients and their families for treatment and how to do self-care."