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"ABSTRAKA direct solvent-extraction method was evaluated to assess its application for the extraction and analysis of PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) in coal-tar-contaminated soils. Eight individual solvents and two combined solvents were used in a screening test to determine the suitability of different solvents for the direct solvent-extraction method. Based on the extracted concentrations of the Total PAH, noncarcinogenic ride - were selected for further investigation by testing these solvents on four coal-tar-contaminated soils and a certified PAH -contaminated soil. The extraction results for the Total PAH and N-PAH concentrations showed that there were no statistical differences for the three solvents at a confidence interval of 95%. However, ethanol gave lower concentrations of C-PAH than acetone and methylene chloride. Fifteen coal-tar-contaminated soil samples from a land farming treatment unit were used to compare the direct solvent-extraction method using acetone as the extraction solvent with the conventional Soxhlet extraction method (EPA method 3540) and ultrasonic extraction method (EPA Method 3550). The results showed that the direct solvent-extraction method gave higher mean PAH concentrations than the Soxhlet and ultrasonic extraction method and that the direct extraction method was equivalent to the Soxhlet method at a confidence interval of 99%. Because of its simplicity of use and its equivalent extraction capability with the Soxhlet extraction method, the direct solvent-extraction method may be used as a technique for the extraction and analysis of PAHs in contaminated soil."

"ABSTRAKWater loss in a channel is an important component of the hydrologic budget for the design and planning of a water diversion and delivery system. Quantitative assessment of channel losses is required in the calculations of flow components of a river basin or reach and the projections of design flows at the withdrawal and delivery points of the water diversion system. In this study, hydrologic methods are employed to determine water losses along the Sheyenne River, a proposed diversion project. The hydrologic budget approach is considered the most appropriate method for the Sheyenne River and the proposed project. Long-term, monthly average, and annual channel losses and their longitudinal distributions are obtained. The estimated losses can be used as the additional discharge, compensating for the losses in the water delivery and supply system."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat mortar menggunakan sampah kertas yang telah diproses, untuk mendapatkan mortar yang ramah lingkungan, memenuhi standar dan diharapkan memiliki sifat mekanis yang lebih baik dibandingkan mortar yang menggunakan agregat alam dan tergolong beton ringan.Benda uji penelitian dibuat dengan persentase serbuk sampah kertas hasil pengolahan kertas bekas adalah10%, 15%, 20% dan 25% terhadap berat semen yang digunakan. Pengujian kuat tekan dan kuat lentur dilakukan pada hari ke-7,14, 21, 28,dan 56 sedangkan pengujian susut dilakukan hingga hari ke-28. Pengujian density pun dilakukan setelah umur mortar mencapai 28 hari.Dari hasil pengujian, didapatkan bahwa mortar dengan campuran 10% memiliki kuat tekanmutu sebesar 6.57 MPa dan 6.52 Mpa digolongkan kedalam tipe N yaitu jenis adukan dengan kuat tekan sedang, dipakai untuk aduk pasangan terbuka diatas tanah. Sedangkan campuran 15%memiliki mutu sebesar 4.62 MPa dan 25% sebesar 2.49 MPa digolongkan kedalam tipe O yaitu jenis adukan dengan kekuatan tekan yang agak rendah, dipakai untuk konstruksi tembok yang tidak menahan beban tekan tidak lebih dari 7 kg/cm² dan gangguan cuaca tidak berat.

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ABSTRACTThis research object is make mortar using office block waste paper with shred paper pretreatment to get green mortar, standardized, and has a better mechanical quality than mortar using natural aggregate. The shredding paper ratio in mixture are 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% to cement mass. Compressive strength and flexural test did at day 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th whereas shrinkage test did at day 28th. Density test also did after mortar at the age of 28 days.As aresult from test, providable that the mixed 10% and 15% of mortar has compressive strength 6.57 MPa and 6.52 MPa. This kind of product be classified to N type that is mixed with medium compressive strength, used for open paired stir up on ground. The mixture of 20% mortar has compressive strength 4.62 MPa and the mixture of 25% of mortar has compressive strength 2.49 MPa, it can be classified to O type that is kind of mixed with low compressive strength, use for wall construction with compressive strength less than 7 kg/cm2 and medium disturbance of weather"

"There is a growing understanding that to be competitive at an international level, civil engineers not only must build on their traditional strengths in technology and science but also must acquire greater mastery of the business of civil engineering. Project management, teamwork, ethics, leadership, and communication have been defined as essential to the successful practice of civil engineering by the ASCE in the 2008 landmark publication, Civil Engineering Body of Knowledge for the 21st Century (BOK2). This single-source guide is the first to take the practical skills defined by the ASCE BOK2 and provide illuminating techniques, quotes, case examples, problems, and information to assist the reader in addressing the many challenges facing civil engineers in the real world. -- Book Description. "

"Buku yang berjudul "Pile design and construction practice" ini ditulis oleh M. J. Tomlinson. Buku ini membahas tentang desain dan konstruksi bangunan."