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"Kemajuan teknologi dan informasi menimbulkan ancaman baru di ruang siber yakni kejahatan siber. Kejahatan siber merupakan kejahatan yang lahir sebagai suatu dampak negatif dari perkembangan aplikasi pada internet. Dalam menganalisis dampak kejahatan siber terhadap pertahanan sebuah negara, diperlukan identifikasi manajemen risiko yang dapat mengetahui seberapa besar probabilitas dan konsekuensi yang ditimbulkan dari kejahatan siber. Risiko yang dihadapi dalam mengatasi ancaman kejahatan siber tidak kalah dengan perang konvensional. Hal ini menyebabkan risiko yang diidentifikasi harus bisa menghasilkan strategi pertahanan negara dalam menghadapi ancaman kejahatan siber."

"The present volume aims to provide an overview of the current understanding of the so-called Critical Infrastructure (CI), and particularly the Critical Information Infrastructure (CII), which not only forms one of the constituent sectors of the overall CI, but also is unique in providing an element of interconnection between sectors as well as often also intra-sectoral control mechanisms. The 14 papers of this book present a collection of pieces of scientific work in the areas of critical infrastructure protection. In combining elementary concepts and models with policy-related issues on one hand and placing an emphasis on the timely area of control systems, the book aims to highlight some of the key issues facing the research community."

"China has clearly emulated Russia's previous example of making loud claims and increasing military patrols in the arctic. China will likely become a major player in Arctic trade routes and become a main destination for goods shipped through th northern Sea Route. It is likely that a significant part of future Russian oil and gas production will ultimately be supplied to China. What are the strategic implications of China's active involvement in Arctic politics? The Arctic "Great Game" is often described as a new cold war between the United States and Russia. Regionally the two main protagonists are Russian and Norway. This article makes a different argument . The Arctic has recently become an issue on the Russo-Chinnese, and possibly Russo-Japanese security agenda. The first goal of this article is to examine the arctic policy and strategy of Rusia, perhaps the most difficult nation to understand in terms of arctic security. The second goal of the article is to explain how the Arctic has become an issue of concern in Russia's relationship with China."

"This journal, published since 1999, features articles on current security issue authored by NIDS researchers. Both Japanese and English editions are available. The publication is not for sale."

"Keamanan dan ketahanan siber suatu negara saat ini telah menjadi elemen penting karena memiliki keterkaitan dengan keamanan nasional. Serangan siber yang pernah terjadi di berbagai belahan dunia khususnya pada infrastruktur informasi kritis nasional menunjukkan bahwa dampak yang dihasilkan bisa mengganggu stabilitas keamanan nasional. Berdasarkan data Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI) tahun 2018, saat ini Indonesia menempati urutan 41 dari 194 negara di dunia. Indeks tersebut menilai tingkat kesiapan dan komitmen suatu negara terhadap keamanan dan ketahanan sibernya. Oleh karena itu masih terdapat hal-hal yang harusdiperbaiki untuk memperkuat keamanan dan ketahanan siber Indonesia. Penelitianini bertujuan untuk (1) menjelaskan dan menganalisis ancaman siber pada infrastruktur informasi kritis nasional yang dapat mengganggu kedaulatan negara atas ruang siber, (2) menjelaskan dan menganalisis sejauh mana kesiapan Indonesia dalam menghadapi serangan siber pada infrastruktur informasi kritis serta (3) menganalisis strategi untuk mengatasi ancaman siber pada infrastruktur informasikritis dalam mewujudkan kedaulatan negara atas ruang siber. Metodologi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis dimana sumber data didapatkan melalui studi literatur dan wawancara terhadap perwakilan dari pihak pemerintah, operator infrastruktur informasi kritis nasional serta lembaga penelitian keamanan siber. Penelitian ini berfokus pada konsep keamanan dan ketahanan siber berdasarkan indikator yang digunakan pada GCI dan akan membandingkan kondisi Indonesia saat ini dengan negara dengan peringkat tiga teratas pada regional Asia Tenggara. Hasil yang didapat adalah kondisi keamanan dan ketahanan siber Indonesia sudah cukup baik. Namun demikian masih terdapat beberapa area yangperlu diperbaiki untuk mengatasi ancaman siber pada infrastruktur informasi kritis nasional sehingga dapat mewujudkan kedaulatan negara atas ruang siber.

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Nowadays cybersecurity and cyber resilience of a country has become an important

element because it's impact on national security. Cyber attacks that have occurred

in various parts of the world, especially on national critical information infrastructure, show that the resulting impact could disrupt national security stability. Based on data from the Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI) in 2018,

Indonesia currently ranks 41 out of 194 countries in the world. The index assesses

the level of readiness and commitment of a country to its cybersecurity and resilience. Therefore there are still things that need to be improved to strengthen the security and resilience of Indonesia's cyberspace. This study aims to (1) explain and analyze cyber threats to the national critical information infrastructure that can disrupt the country's sovereignty over cyber space, (2) explain and analyze the extent of Indonesia's readiness in facing cyber attacks on critical information

infrastructure and (3) analyze strategies to overcome cyber threats to critical information infrastructure in realizing state sovereignty over cyber space. The methodology used in this research is analytical descriptive where data sources are obtained through literature studies and interviews with representatives from the

government, operators of the national critical information infrastructure and cyber security research institutions. This research focuses on the concept of cyber security and resilience based on indicators used in GCI and will compare the current condition of Indonesia with countries ranked in the top three in Southeast

Asia Region. The results are the conditions of Indonesia's cyber security and resilience is quite good. However, there are still some areas that need to be improved to overcome cyber threat on the national critical information

infrastructure to realize state sovereignty over cyber space."