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"ABSTRAKThis study is inspired by the debate between economic interests and environmental conservations where each interest has its own argumentation. The study employed the concept of involution used by Clifford Geertz when analyzing the planting pattern of sugar cane and rice in Javanese society. By using a similiar analytical framework this study examined how the interaction between the two factors (internal and external) that affected the coastal community and their relations with the natural resources. The study is located in kelurahan pulau Panggang, Kecamatan Pulau Seribu Utara, Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulaian Seribu. The study using qualitative approach. In-depth interviews, observation and focus group discussion methods and literature study for data collection and analysis."

"ABSTRAKIkan kakap merah (Lutjanus spp.) merupakan salah satu sumberdaya ikan demersal komoditas penting di perairan utara Cirebon, Laut Jawa. Tingginya tingkat operasi penangkapan ikan tradisional di sekitar perairan pantai diduga mempengaruhi ketersediaan stok sumberdaya ikan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan kakap merah (Lutjanus spp.) di perairan utara Cirebon. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisa aspek biologi (hubungan panjang-berat, panjang pertama kali tertangkap (Lc), pengamatan TKG, fekunditas, kebiasaan makan), analisa potensi sumberdaya (Maximum Sustainable Yield, tingkat pemanfaatan dan tingkat pengusahaan), analisa aspek lingkungan (suhu, salinitas, pH, kecerahan, kedalaman), analisa aspek sosial-ekonomi (observasi dan wawancara).Aspek biologi ikan kakap merah di perairan utara Cirebon menunjukan bahwa secara umum ikan kakap merah yang tertangkap belum matang gonad atau belum melakukan pemijahan. Hasil analisa potensi maksimum lestari (MSY), diperoleh informasi bahwa nilai hasil tangkapan optimum (Copt) sebesar 287,76 ton/tahun, dalam hal ini tingkat pemanfaatan ikan kakap merah di perairan utara Cirebon pada tahun 2009 telah melebihi nilai MSY. Aspek lingkungan fishing ground ikan kakap merah nenunjukan bahwa ikan kakap merah di perairan utara Cirebon umumnya tertangkap pada kedalamaan 9 – 45 m, dengan suhu permukaan laut berkisar antara 28 – 29,5 oC, salinitas perairan berkisar antara 30 - 32 ‰, pH antara 7 - 8, dan kecerahan perairan berkisar antara 5 - 5,5 m. Aspek sosial-ekonomi masyarakat nelayan menujukan terdapat perubahan sosial di sebagian masyarakat nelayan Cirebon, dari yang cenderung eksplotatif dengan menggunakan alat tangkap yang tidak ramah lingkungan seperti arad menjadi pendekatan yang memperhatikan keberlanjutan sumberdaya ikan dengan menggunakan alat tangkap yang lebih ramah lingkungan berupa pancing dengan alat bantu pengumpul ikan berupa rumpon dasar, karena hasil tangkapan ikan kakap merah dengan pancing memiliki harga jual yang cukup tinggi dalam bentuk ikan segar (fresh).Pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan kakap merah di perairan utara Cirebon dapat dilakukan secara berkelanjutan melalui beberapa teknik pengelolaan diantaranya melalui pengaturan terhadap ukuran mata pancing, perluasan fishing ground, pengaturan jumlah armada penangkapan dan jenis alat tangkapan ikan, pengelolaan lingkungan melalui rumpon dasar sebagai terumbu karang buatan, dan penegakan hukum.

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ABSTRACTRed snapper (Lutjanus spp.) is one of the important commodity demersal fish resources at northern water of Cirebon, Java Sea. The high level of traditional fishing operations around the coastal area is suspected to affect the availability of fish stock. This study aims to analyze the red snapper management at the northern water of Cirebon. The methodology consists of are the biological aspects (length- weight relationship, length at firts capture(Lc), observation of gonad maturity level, fecundity, feeding habits), analysis of resources (Maximum Sustainable Yield, level of utilization, and level of effort), analysis of the environmental aspects (temperature, salinity, pH, brightness, depth), and the analysis of social- economic aspects (observation and interview).the red snapper biology aspects at the northern of Cirebon reveals that red snapper being caught immature gonads or not spawning yet generaly. The according to MSY analysis that the optimum catch (C-opt) is 287.76 tons/year, in thus case the utilize level of red snapper at the northern water of Cirebon in 2009 has over fishing. Environmental aspect of red snapper fishing ground shows that red snapper at the northern water of Cirebon are caught in 9-45 m generally, with sea surface temperatures 28 – 29,5 ° C, salinity 30-32 ‰, pH 7-8, and water transparence 5 - 5.5 m. Social-economic aspect of the fisheries communities are changing in most of Cirebon fisheries communities, with the tendention to use eco-fishing gear such as hand line with rumpon, due to the good price of the fresh product.The sustainability of the red snapper resource management in northern water of Cirebon can ensured by apply the several management techniques such as arrangement of hook size/ mesh size, the expansion of fishing ground, arrangement fishing vessels number and kind of fishing gears, environmental management through the rumpon as artificial reef, and law enforcement."

"ABSTRAKPemetaan potensi sumber daya pulau kecil membutuhkan informasi spasial skala detail yang dapat diperoleh dengan cepat. Teknologi penginderaan jauh citra satelit resolusi tinggi yang umum digunakan memiliki beberapa kendala seperti ketersediaan data, tingginya biaya pembelian data, serta adanya hambatan lainnya seperti tutupan awan. Tesis ini melakukan kajian tentang pemanfaatan Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) untuk pemetaan sumberdaya pesisir dan laut pulau kecil sebagai solusi alternatif pengganti citra satelit resolusi tinggi. Kajian dilaksanakan dengan studi kasus di Pulau Pramuka, Kab. Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta. Akuisisi data dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2015 dimana dihasilkan citra orthofoto dan model permukaan digital dengan resolusi spasial 10 cm. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan berbasis obyek yang dibandingkan dengan pengolahan citra satelit Worldview-2. Sebagai validator digunakan data survei lapangan pada bulan Juni 2015. Hasil klasifikasi penutup lahan pulau kecil dengan menggunakan UAV memiliki nilai akurasi sebesar 94 % dan habitat perairan dangkal dengan kelas kerapatan sebesar 54 % dan tanpa kelas kerapatan sebesar 68 %. Nilai akurasi citra Worldview-2 untuk penutup lahan sebesar 60 % dan habitat perairan dangkal dengan kelas kerapatan sebesar 38 % dan tanpa kelas kerapatan sebesar 56 %.Hasil uji akurasi menunjukkan bahwa pengunaan data UAV memberikan hasil lebih baik dibandingkan menggunakan citra satelit Worldview-2. Perbedaan hasil akurasi disebabkan karena perbedaan resolusi spasial, perbedaan informasi tambahan (model permukaan digital), dan adanya efek kilatan pada Worldview-2. UAV memiliki kelebihan dalam akuisisi data yang cepat, resolusi spasial yang sangat tinggi dan adanya data model permukaan digital dibandingkan dengan citra satelit Worldview-2, namun memiliki kekurangan dalam resolusi spektral yang rendah, resiko pada wahana, dan kebutuhan sumberdaya manusia dalam operasional wahana. Pemanfaatan data UAV untuk pemetaan sumberdaya pesisir dan laut pulau kecil dapat menjadi pengganti penggunaan citra satelit yang umum digunakan.

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ABSTRACT

Mapping of potential resources on small islands requires very detail spatial information that can be obtained quickly. Remote sensing technology of highresolution (multispectral) satellite imagery which is commonly used has several constraints such as high cost and availability data as well as cloud coverage. This research was conducted in order to study the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for mapping coastal and marine resources of small islands as an alternative solution to high-resolution satellite imagery. The research was conducted based on a case study at Pulau Pramuka, Kab. Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta. The primary data was obtained through an aerial survey carried out on April 2015 where 10 cm spatial resolution of orthofoto imagery and digital surface model were generated. To point out the remarkable use of UAV for coastal and marine resources mapping, a set of Worldview-2 digital imagery was also used for comparison. Both data analysis were performed using an object-based approach to produce land cover and shallow water habitat classes. Furthermore, field check data on June 2015 were used to validate the classification result. The thematic accuracy of land cover classification using UAV was 94%, and shallow water habitat classification with and without density class respectively were 54% and 68%, respectively. In the other hand, the thematic accuracy of Worldview-2 for land cover lassification was 60%, and shallow water habitats classification with and without density class respectively were 38% and 56%, respectively.

Accuracy assessment value showed that the use of UAV data gave better results than Worldview-2 satellite imagery. Differences in accuracy assessment results were due to the differences in spatial resolution, additional information such as digital surface model, and sunglint effect on Worldview-2. The UAV method have more advantages in rapid data acquisition, very high spatial resolution, and digital surface model data compared to Worldview-2 imagery, but lack of spectral resolution quality, the vehicle risk, and a specific human resources skill for operating the vehicle. The UAV data utilization for mapping coastal and marine resources of small island can become a substitute for the use of common satellite imagery."

"Sea crimes have happened since long ago. For centuries some areas of the world such as Malacca Straits and the South China Sea have been the target of the sea crimes. Generally, crimes at sea are an attack on the ship or boat. The criminals take a variety of valuables. International law has provided possibilities to combat the pirates. In the Strait of Malacca, for example, Indonesian government and several associated countries in Malacca have collaborated to solve these problems. In the Gulf of Aden and Somalia Offshore, the UN and various countries have tried to handle it even though the results have not been too encouraging. Key words: Sea crimes, combat, pirates"