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"This title explores ways in which bureaucracy may not only be compatible with democracy but, more ambitiously, the conditions under which it can enhance it, examining the systems and institutions of the Korean bureaucracy: the National Election Commission, the police force, local government, the ceiling recruitment strategy, and procurement policy. "

"ABSTRAKPolitik, demokrasi, dan sastra umumnya dianggap sebagai bidang yang tidak saling berhubungan. Makalah ini membahas bagaimana demokrasi dan peristiwa politik dapat digambarkan secara apik dalam karya sastra. Peneliti ingin menguatkan pendapat bahwa sastra merupakan media yang efektif dalam menyampaikan kritik terhadap sistem demokrasi dan politik yang represif. Untuk membuktikan hal tersebut, peneliti mengambil Guunmong, sebuah novel karya Choi In-hun yang terkenal dalam sastra politik sebagai corpus data. Dalam melakukan penelitian penulis membaca dekat novel, mencatat peristiwa politik di dalam cerita, membaca data terkait untuk dibandingkan dengan cerita di dalam novel, dan menemukan teknik yang dipakai penulis dalam menyampaikan kritik lewat karyanya tersebut. Penulis menemukan bahwa peristiwa politik, seperti Insiden Masan dan Revolusi April, dinarasikan melalui mimpi tokoh utama dan peristiwa yang terjadi di sekeliling tokoh. Choi In-hun secara apik menggunakan tokoh dan peristiwa di dalam cerita sebagai simbol yang berhubungan dengan peristiwa yang terjadi di dunia nyata. Penelitian ini membedakan dari penelitian sebelum yang hanya menganalisis subjek dalam novel-novel karya Choi In-hun melalui struktur naratif novel, perbandingan novel politik dengan karya sejaman atau perbandingan Choi In-hun dengan penulis sastra politik lain.

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ABSTRACTPolitic, democracy, and literature are considered as unrelated fields. This article discusses how democracy and political events are nicely used inside a literature work. Researcher wanted to confirm a statement that said literature is an effective way to deliver critics towards repressive democracy and political system. To confirm the statement, researcher used Guunmong, a novel by Choi In-hun that is known in political literature, as a corpus data. During research, researcher did close-reading on the novel, noted the political events happening in the novel, read related data to compare with the novel, and found technics used by the writer to deliver critics through his work. The research findings suggest that political events, such as Masan Incident and April Revolution, were narrated through main character 39;s dream and events around him. Characters and events in the story were nicely used as symbols connected to real events by Choi In-hun. This research differentiated with previous researchs that analyzed subjects inside Choi In-hun 39;s novel through its narrative structure, comparison with other political novel that told the same story or comparison of Choi In-hun with other political literature author. "

"The reforms triggered by the economic crisis that hit Indonesia and a number of other Asian countries in 1998 have resulted in not only an improvement over a system that has been in force for the past 30 years but also fundamental changes. Although reform is born by a spirit of renewal, in response to the failure of the state to develop a system that can generate prosperity and justice for the people, both in the political and economic fields, but in the process has not produced a better relationship system between politics and public administration, which is professional, effective, efficient and free from corruption. This unsuccessfulness is predictable because the administrative reform is not based on a strict economic school. We had previously applied the Keynesian school, then Neo-liberalism, up until now the world is still searching for a new school. No exception for Indonesia. Reform has established a new system, completely different from the previous system, but without consistent ideology and paradigm. The lack of clear direction is the cause of the failure of administrative reform in Indonesia. The paper will analyze the cause of this unsuccessful, and propose recommendations for improvement."