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"Given the complex and challenging world of investing, what chance do individuals have navigating the financial minefield and emerging unscathed? Not much, unless they become knowledgeable about investment fundamentals, recognize and correct their mistakes and behavioral biases, and avoid traps strewn along their path. "Investment Traps Exposed" guides investors past such potential pitfalls as pyramid and Ponzi schemes to help them become more financially successful. "Investment Traps Exposed" helps investors and advisors increase their awareness about the external and internal traps that they or their clients can encounter. Baker and Puttonen not only examine common mistakes, assumptions and deceptions that can ensnare investors, affect sound judgment, and reduce wealth but also delve into how to recognize and avoid these errors. The authors present practical advice and real-world examples in a user-friendly manner, and also nudge investors to stay on the right course to mitigate misbehaving. "

"Studi ini mengidentifikasi keberadaan behavioral bias di pasar saham Indonesia dan mengkaji dampak behavioral bias terhadap performa investasi individual. Secara khusus, kami menemukan behavioral bias investor individual berupa overconfidence bias, loss-aversion bias, anchoring and adjustment bias, mental accounting bias dan confirmation bias. Mental accounting bias, confirmation bias dan anchoring and adjustment bias yang berkaitan dengan cognitive error menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan terhadap tingkat pendidikan. Pada penelitian ini kami juga menemukan bahwa confirmation bias dan mental accounting bias memiliki hubungan yang positif pada performa investasi, sedangkan loss-aversion bias and anchoring and adjustment bias memiliki hubungan negatif yang signifikan terhadap performa unvestasi.

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This study identifies the existence of behavioral biases in the Indonesian stock market and to examine the effect of the behavioral bias on individual investment performance. To be specific, we find that individual investors in Indonesia have behavioral biases of overconfidence bias, loss-aversion bias, anchoring and adjustment bias, mental accounting bias and confirmation bias. The mental accounting bias, confirmation bias and anchoring and adjustment bias associated with cognitive error showed a statistically significant correlation with the level of education. Finally, we find that confirmation bias and mental accounting bias are positive relationship with investment performance, whereas loss-aversion bias and anchoring and adjustment bias are negative significant relationship with investment performance."

"Indonesia sebagai negara berkembang membutuhkan dana yang tidak sedikit untuk melakukan pembangunan di dalam negeri, khususnya di sektor sosial dan ekonomi. Untuk itu pemerintah Indonesia melakukan kebijakan mendorong masuknya investasi asing kedalam negeri. Guna memberikan pelayanan yang lebih dan memberikan komunikasi, koordinasi dan informasi bagi kepentingan investasi, maka Presiden Republik Indonesia membentuk Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal pada tahun 1985, dan hingga saat ini organisasi ini masih eksis.Terjadinya era reformasi yang menggantikan era Orde Baru kepemimpinan Soeharto, dilalui dengan berbagai gejolak-gejolak anatara lain demonstrasi masa dan kegaduhan yang berimbas pada krisis sosial dan ekonomi. Adanya data tentang turunnya investasi asing yang masuk ke Indonesia diduga akibat langsung atau tak langsung timbulnya persepsi buruk terhadap citra Indonesia, khususnya mengenai iklim investasi dimata investor asing. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan melihat persepsi-persepsi para investor asing secara kualitas dan terurai jelas mengenai iklim investasi di Indonesia.Metodologi yang dilakukan dalam penelitian lapangan adalah menggunakan survey kuestioner terhadap 100 responder yang terdiri dan investor asing.Kuesioner ini meliputi pertanyaan terhadap 8 parameter iklim investasi berdasarkan hasil studi awal dan pengalaman peneliti, yaitu: keamanan, penegakan hukum, baiknya jalan pemerintahan, infrastruktur, prosedur investasi, insentif, biaya operasional, dan imej BKPM. Hasil survey ini ditindak lanjuti dengan "in depth interview" terhadap 10 responden investor asing yang dipilih berdasarkan "incidental and voluntary". Interview juga dilakukan terhadap 5 orang pejabat tinggi dan senior BKPM untuk mengetahui kegiatan mereka.Temuan yang ada dalam penelitian adalah adanya gambaran jelas mengenai persepsi investor asing terhadap iklim investasi di Indonesia. Persepsi yang negatif tersebut terdapat karena adanya dim Indonesia yang buruk sebagai negara yang mempunyai "country risk" tinggi, dan reputasi negatif sebagai negara yang banyak tindak korupsinya. Satu hal yang masih membuat positif pandangan terhadap iklim usaha disini, yaitu adanya persepsi positifik mengenai rendahnya biaya investasi, khususnya tenaga kerja dan sumber daya energi. Hai ini yangmembuat investasi masih menarik di Indonesia.Hal yang menarik dalam penelitian ini adalah, temuan betapa pentingnya peran media massa dalam menyebarluaskan informasi secara cepat, dan dapat mernbentuk opini-opini yang selanjutnya menjadikan persepsi masyarakat luas. Turunnya nilai investasi asing dapat diakibatkan pengaruh dari persepsi-persepsi yang negatif terhadap iklim investasi di Indonesia.Kesimpulan dan rekomendasi dibuat berdasarkan konsep-konsep ilmu komunikasi. Perlunya komunikasi yang instruktif dari presiden kepada jajarannya untuk membenahi pemerintahan ini dengan baik. BKPM harus melakukan komunikasi yang persuasif kepada presiden dalam memberikan masukan informasi yang berpengaruh dalam mengambil kebijakan, serta komunikasi yang informatif BKPM kepada investor asing untuk memberikan jawaban dan kepastian atas perbaikan yang dilakukan. Untuk itu BKPM diusulkan untuk lebih berperan sebagai sentra komunikasi dan koordinasi terhadap aspek-aspek lingkungan organisasi, antara lain "stakeholders and audience".

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Indonesia as a developing country needs a lot of capital sources to build its country, especially in social and economic sectors. The Indonesian government has issued policies to encourage incoming of foreign investors to the country. In order to serve more foreign investor in the way of communicating, coordinating, and providing information the President of Indonesia had established the Indonesian Investment Coordinating Board in 1985, which is still exist until today.

The transaction period of changing the power in this country from Soeharto era to reformation era had made through a very crucial things, such as uncontrolled mass demonstrations and riots. Those things had made impact to crisis of social and economy of Indonesia. The declining of foreign investment on statistics recently was assumed related to the bad perceptions about the investment climate of Indonesia. Image and reputation of Indonesia has contributed the building of the perception. This research was conducted to see in "descriptive and qualitative" aspects of those foreign investors perceptions about the investment climate.

This research study used a questionnaire survey to 100 respondents, who are foreign investors. The questioner covers B parameters of the investment dimate which are based on study and experiences of the researcher, such as security, law enforcement, good governance, infrastructures, procedures, incentives, cost of investment, and image of BKPM. The survey was followed up by in depth interviews to ten respondents representing foreign investors through incidental and voluntary selections.

Interviews were also made to five senior and high level officials of the Indonesian Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM) to see the organization activity.

The result of interviews has provided clear pictures of perceptions. Foreign investors' perceptions are bad to the Indonesia's investment climate. The negative perceptions were caused by the bad image of Indonesia, which occupies high score in the country risk list and it has a long in the negative reputation among the most corrupt countries. There is one positive perception about to the Indonesian investment climate. It is low cost of investment, such as low labor cost and cheap fuel and energy costs. These factors make Indonesia attractive for investment.

The interesting part of this research discovered that mass media had an important role in disseminating information fastly and it could influence public opinion. The declining foreign investment might be related to those negative perceptions about the investment climate in Indonesia.

Conclusions and recommendations were made based on communication concepts. It needs instructive communication from the country's president to manage better government. BKPM has to make persuasive communications to the president with information used for policy making, and informative communications to foreign investors with certainty saying that the government is improving the condition. It is proposed that BKPM should becomes a centre of communication and coordination to all aspects of the organization stakeholders and audiences."