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"Community, Environment and Disaster Risk Management provides a series of cross-disciplinary approaches and methods which are exemplified by case studies from different parts of the world. Volume 18 looks at how cities and countries recover from catastrophic disasters with a specific focus on Asia."

"When budgets are dwindling, deadlines passing, and tempers flaring, the usual response is to browbeat the project team and point fingers of blame. Not helpful. For these situations, what is needed is an objective process for accurately assessing what is wrong and a clear plan of action for fixing the problem. "Rescue the Problem Project" provides project managers, executives, and customers with the answers they require. Turnaround specialist Todd Williams has worked with dozens of companies in multiple industries resuscitating failing projects. In this new book, he reveals an in-depth, start-to-finish process that includes: techniques for identifying the root causes of the trouble; steps for putting projects back on track audit the project, analyze the data, negotiate the solution, and execute the new plan; nearly 70 real-world examples of what works, what doesn't, and why; and, guidelines for avoiding problems in subsequent projects. Many books explain how to run a project, but only this one shows how to bring it back from the brink of disaster. And with 65 per cent of projects failing to meet goals and 25 per cent cancelled outright, that's essential information."

"This paper aims to present lessons learned from the Emergency Job Creation (EJC) program conducted by the Japanese government during the process of recovery from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake disaster, based on statis-tical analysis of the EJC program and an interview survey of several projects in Minamisanriku town. The EJC program is very similar to the Cash for Work (CFW) programs that are often used as a tool for social safety nets (SNNs) in developing countries, although the EJC program was basically a policy tool aimed at reducing unemployment, while CFW is aimed at pursuing recovery efforts and ensuring people?s participation in those efforts, in addition to re-ducing unemployment. In fact, statistical analysis shows that the number of EJC participants is rather higher in municipalities with severe damage than in municipalities with lower labor demand. The results of the interview survey also reflected this, and revealed that the EJC program was also used for human resource development. Drawing on findings from the interviews, we conclude our study by identifying the three important factors that made EJC efficient: 1) the timeliness of commencing the program, 2) the sufficiency of the program funds, and 3) the flexibility with which the funds could be used, which enabled many local organizations to create new forms of cooperation. "

"Logam nikel merupakan logam yang memiliki nilai komersial yang sangat tinggi baik dalam bentuk bijih maupun dalam bentuk senyawa NiSO4.6H2O. Nilai komersial yang sangat tinggi tersebut disebabkan oleh tingginya kebutuhan industri terhadap logam nikel. Salah satunya ialah industri pupuk dimana logam nikel berperan sebagai katalis dalam bentuk katalis NiO/Al2O3. Katalis ini berperan dalam proses steam reforming dan metanasi. Katalis tersebut memiliki umur aktif dan setelah terdeaktivasi akan menjadi spent katalis yang tidak lagi memiliki nilai komersial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengambilan kembali logam nikel dari spent katalis NiO/Al2O3 dengan memanfaatkan kitosan sebagai adsorben sehingga diperoleh larutan nikel sulfat murni yang memiliki nilai komersial. Metode XRF digunakan untuk melihat kandungan logam yang terdapat dalam spent katalis NiO/Al2O3. Proses berikutnya ialah dengan melakukan leaching terhadap spent katalis NiO/Al2O3 dengan kondisi operasi konsentrasi H2SO4 50%, waktu leaching 300 menit, temperature operasi 80_C, perbandingan padatan-larutan 1:20 (g/ml) dan diberikan efek pengadukan. Pada proses adsorpsi dengan kitosan dilakukan variasi pH, waktu adsorpsi, perbandingan solid-liquid, kandungan awal logam nikel dalam larutan serta pengaruh kehadiran logam lain dalam proses adsorpsi. Kitosan yang digunakan memiliki derajat deasetilasi sebesar 52%. Pada proses desorpsi dilakukan variasi waktu dan konsentrasi H2SO4. Hasil XRF menunjukkan bahwa Al, Ni, Mg sebagai konstituen terbesar dengan persentase masing?masing 58%, 21% dan 19%. Dari hasil leaching didapat konsentrasi logam Ni, Mg dan Al berhasil terleaching masing?masing 82%, 16% dan 1.3%. Perhitungan hasil leaching dilakukan dengan metode AAS. Pada proses adsorpsi logam nikel terhadap kitosan didapatkan kondisi persentase optimum adsorpsi nikel pada pH 2.5, waktu kontak yaitu 180 menit ,perbandingan solid-liquid yaitu 1:50 g/ml dan variasi ppm larutan yaitu 1000 ppm. Dengan kondisi optimum tersebut didapat nikel yang berhasil teradsorpsi ialah sebesar 605 ppm , Mg sebesar 40 ppm dan Al sebesar 14 ppm. Dari proses adsorpsi ini terlihat bahwa kitosan selektif terhadap logam nikel. Efek dari adanya kehadiran logam lain mempengaruhi banyaknya logam nikel yang teradsorp pada kitosan. Proses adsorpsi menggunakan nikel nitrat didapat bahwa sekitar 860 ppm nikel berhasil teradsorpsi. Pada proses desorpsi logam nikel dari kitosan didapatkan kondisi desorpsi maksimum pada waktu desorpsi sekitar 40 menit dan konsentrasi H2SO4 0.5 M dengan 90% Ni dan 90% Mg berhasil terdesorpsi. Karena konsentrasi alumunium sangat kecil hasil adsorpsi dan desorpsi tidak dipertimbangkan.

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Nickel is the one of precious metal in the earth which has high commercial value even as ores or compound NiSO4.6H2O. Its high value because of many idustries apply it in their process. One of example is Catalyst NiO/Al2O3 based on Fertilizer Industry who uses it in methanation and steam reforming unit. This catalyst have age of activation and if it was deactivated will be called as spent catayst and could be dangerous environment as pollutant. This study investigates the possibility recovery nickel from spent catalysts using chitosan as an adsorbent so we could add some value to those. This study using XRF methode to know what the constituent of spent catalyst. Next step is leaching it with operational condition are leaching time 300 minutes, H2SO4 concentration about 50%, temperature 80_C, ratio solid-liquid 1:20 (g/ml) and add strirring rate. In Adsorpstion process using kitosan with DD 52%, the considered parameters affecting percentage adsorpstion are pH, contact time, ratio solid-liquid, initial ppm nickel in solution and presence of another metal in solution. The last process is desorption which paramater will be test are time and concentration of H2SO4. From the XRF result, Al, Ni and Mg are the biggest three constituent form spent catalyst with percentage 58%,21% and 19%. From the leaching process, those metal recovered as sulfat compound for Ni, Mg, Al are 82%,16% and 1.3%. These calculated by AAS methode. At adsorption process discovered that the optimum percentage adsorpstion at pH 2.5, contact time 180 minutes, ratio solid-liquid 1:50 g/ml and initial ppm nickel in solution about 1000ppm. With all those condition, about 605 ppm nickel, 40 ppm Mg and 14ppm Al succesfully adsorp at kitosan. We can conclude that chitosan is selctive to which metal will be adsorp.The effect of presence another metals in solution, clearly describe with adsorption kitosan at nickel nirate solution with maximum adsorption about 860 ppm. From desorption process, optimum condition are 0.5 M H2SO and 40 minutes contact time."

"ABSTRACTAs a country known for its very disaster prone areas, Indonesia hasexperienced frequent disasters, either large, medium and small scale ones, which even in the last six months have had at least a fairly large scale natural disaster, one of which is an earthquake occurred in Lombok in late July to mid August 2018. Learning from the experiences of post disasters management that have occurred before, especially after the earthquake and tsunami disaster in Aceh and Nias in 2004, the earthquake in Yogyakarta in 2006, the earthquake in West Sumatra in 2009, and eruption of Mount Merapi in 2010, the post disaster recovery process needs to be carried out in an integrated and comprehensive manner, by involving participation of stakeholders at the national and regional levels, not only the central government, local governments and other government partners. In relation to the post earthquake recovery efforts in Lombok in 2018 which affected seven districts/cities in NTB Province which resulted recovery needs of more than Rp. 11 trillion, despite the issuance of the Presidential Instruction policy framework Number 5 of 2018 on the Acceleration of Post Disaster Rehabilitation and Reconstruction in NTB Province, whichassigns relevant ministries/agencies and Governor and Regents and Mayors whose areas are affected in NTB Province, to be able to accelerate the process of recovering local conditions and disaster affected communities in the affected NTB region, which for implementation still requires operational policies and strategies in the field. For this reason, some best practices in managing the recovery process from previous disasters can be used as input in establishing appropriate and applicable policies and strategies in order to accelerate the rehabilitation and reconstruction of post disaster areas in Lombok further, to realize a recovery to rebuild a better one, safer and more sustainable."