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"Daun mangkokan (Nothopanax scutellarium Merr.) mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang memiliki aktivitas penumbuh rambut. Fitosom merupakan suatu sistem pembawa yang mengandung fitokonstituen bioaktif dari ekstrak tanaman yang dikelilingi dan diikat oleh lipid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat dan memperoleh karakteristik fitosom yang terbentuk melalui metode hidrasi lapis tipis serta untuk memformulasikan dan menguji stabilitas fisik dari sediaan gel fitosom yang mengandung fraksi etil asetat daun mangkokan dengan konsentrasi yang bervariasi, yaitu 1%, 0,5% dan 0,25%. Pembuatan fitosom dengan perbandingan fraksi etil asetat dan fosfatidilkolin sebesar 1 : 2 menunjukkan nilai efisiensi penjerapan sebesar 74,37% dengan nilai distribusi ukuran partikel sebesar 335,4 nm, nilai polidispersitas sebesar 0,252 dan nilai potensial zeta sebesar -3,50 mV. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji stabilitas fisik terhadap gel fitosom yang dilakukan selama 8 minggu dengan uji stabilitas dipercepat. Hasil uji stabilitas menunjukkan bahwa gel dengan konsentrasi fitosom sebesar 0,5% terbukti paling stabil dalam berbagai suhu penyimpanan dan cycling test.

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Nothopanax scutellarium leaves contains flavonoid compounds which have hair growth activity. Phytosome is a carrier system which contains bioactive phytoconstituent of plant extract which surrounded and bonded by lipid. The aims of this research were to make and obtain phytosome characteristic which formed by thin layer hydration method and to formulate and examine the physical stability of phytosome gel containing ethyl acetate fraction of Nothopanax scutellarium with various concentration, that is 1%, 0,5% and 0,25%. Phytosome formulation by ethyl acetate fraction and phosphatydilcholine ratio was 1 : 2 indicated the entrapment efficiency value 74,34% with particle size distribution value 335,4 nm, polidispersity index 0,252 and zeta potential value -3,50 mV. Subsequently physical stability test was performed for phytosome gel during 8 weeks with accelerated stability test. The result of stability test indicated that gel with 0,5% phytosome concentration proved to be the most stable in various temperature storage and cycling test."

"Daun mangkokan (Nothopanax scutellarium Merr.) secara empiris memiliki kandungan flavonoid yang dapat memberikan aktivitas pada pertumbuhan rambut. Fitosom adalah suatu sistem pembawa obat dimana komponen ekstrak tanaman herbal berikatan dengan fosfolipid yang dapat meningkatkan absorpsi obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat fitosom fraksi etil asetat daun mangkokan serta memperoleh karakteristik fitosom yang dibentuk dengan metode hidrasi lapis tipis. Selanjutnya fitosom diformulasikan ke dalam sediaan lotion untuk mengetahui stabilitas secara fisik. Uji kestabilan fisik dilakukan dengan pengamatan lotion fitosom yang disimpan pada tiga suhu yang berbeda, yaitu suhu rendah (4o±2oC), suhu kamar (25o±2oC), dan suhu tinggi (40o±2oC); cycling test; dan uji sentrifugasi. Pembuatan fitosom dengan perbandingan antara fraksi etil asetat dan fosfatidilkolin sebesar 1 : 2 menunjukkan nilai efisiensi penjerapan sebesar 74,36%, nilai distribusi ukuran partikel sebesar 335,4 nm, nilai polidispersitas sebesar 0,252, dan nilai zeta potensial sebesar -3,5 mV. Sediaan lotion fitosom fraksi etil asetat daun mangkokan 1%, 0,5%, dan 0,25% mengalami peningkatan ukuran partikel setelah fitosom ditambahkan ke dalam sediaan lotion tetapi secara fisik terbukti stabil dalam berbagai suhu penyimpanan, cycling test, dan uji sentrifugasi.

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Nothopanax scutellarium leaves contain flavonoid compounds which have hair growth activity. Phytosome is a drug carrier system which herbal plant extracts bind with phospholipid that can enhance the absorption of the drug. The aims of this research are to formulate ethyl acetate fraction phytosome of Nothopanax scutellarium leaves and to obtain phytosome characteristic which formed by thin layer hidration method. Subsequently, the phytosome was formulated into lotion dosage form to know the physical stability. The physical stability test was conducted at low temperature (4o±2oC), room temperature (25o±2oC), and high temperature (40o±2oC) storage; cycling test; and centrifugation test. Phytosome formulation with a ratio of ethyl acetate fraction and phosphatidylcholine was 1 : 2 indicated the entrapment efficiency value was 74,36%, the particle size distribution value was 335,4 nm, polidispersity index was 0,252, and zeta potential value was -3,5 mV. Phytosome lotion containing ethyl acetate fraction of Nothopanax scutellarium leaves 1%, 0,5%, and 0,25% increased the particle size after phytosome was added to the lotion but phytosome lotion was physically proved that stable in a wide range of temperature storage, cycling test, dan centrifugation test."

""For more than 100 years, Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy has been the definitive pharmacy reference. It covers the entire scope of pharmacy education from the history of pharmacy and ethics to the particulars of industrial pharmacy and pharmacy practice"--Publisher."

"Niasinamida merupakan vitamin yang larut di dalam air dikenal sebagai vitamin B3 dan telah digunakan untuk mengobati beberapa jenis permasalahan pada kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat formulasi emulgel yang menggunakan silikon untuk membandingkan daya penetrasi secara in vitro antara emulgel dengan silikon dan tanpa penambahan silikon serta uji stabilitas fisik sediaan. Semua formulasi di uji daya penetrasinya secara in vitro dengan sel difusi Franz menggunakan membran abdomen tikus betina galur Sprague dawley. Jumlah kumulatif niasinamida yang terpenetrasi dari emulgel yang tidak mengandung silikon (F1) adalah 2028,8 ± 64,3 µg/cm2 sedangkan emulgel yang mengandung silikon secara berturut turut (F2-dimetikon dan F3-siklometikon) adalah 4662,4 ± 11,4 µg/cm2 dan 2679,45 ± 9,3 µg/cm2. Nilai fluks berturut-turut F1, F2, dan F3 adalah 253,6 ± 8,0 µg/cm2jam, 582,7 ± 1,4 µg/cm2jam, dan 334,93 ± 1,2 µg/cm2jam. Serta nilai % kumulatif terpenetrasi berturut-turut sebesar 8,89 ± 0,28 %, 17,95 ± 0,04 %, dan 11,83 ± 0,04 %. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya silikon terbukti dapat meningkatkan penetrasi emulgel niasinamida dan ketiga formulasi menunjukan kestabilitan fisik yang baik.

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Niacinamide is a water-soluble vitamin, also known as vitamin B3 and has been used to treat several types of dermatological pathologies. The purpose of this research are to make emulgel formulations using silicones to compare the penetration ability as in vitro test between emulgel with or without silicon, and the physical stability test. Penetration ability of all formulations were examined by Franz diffusion cell as in vitro test using Sprague Dawley rat abdomen skin for diffusion membrane. Total cumulative penetration of niacinamide from emulgel without silicone formulation (F1) is 2028,8 ± 64,3 µg/cm2 and emulgel with silicone formulation (F2-dimethicone and F3-cyclomethicone) are 4662,4 ± 11,4 µg/cm2 and 2679,45 ± 9,3 µg/cm2. Fluks of niacinamide respectively (F1, F2, and F3) are 253,6 ± 8,0 µg/cm2hour, 582,7 ± 1,4 µg/cm2hour, and 334,93 ± 1,2 µg/cm2hour. The presentage of penetrated niacinamide are 8,89 ± 0,28 %, 17,95 ± 0,04 %, and 11,83 ± 0,04 %, respectively. Based on those result, it can be concluded that silicone compound can increase the penetration ability of niacinamide emulgels and all formulations showed good physical ;Niacinamide is a water-soluble vitamin, also known as vitamin B3 and has been used to treat several types of dermatological pathologies. The purpose of this research are to make emulgel formulations using silicones to compare the penetration ability as in vitro test between emulgel with or without silicon, and the physical stability test. Penetration ability of all formulations were examined by Franz diffusion cell as in vitro test using Sprague Dawley rat abdomen skin for diffusion membrane. Total cumulative penetration of niacinamide from emulgel without silicone formulation (F1) is 2028,8 ± 64,3 µg/cm2 and emulgel with silicone formulation (F2-dimethicone and F3-cyclomethicone) are 4662,4 ± 11,4 µg/cm2 and 2679,45 ± 9,3 µg/cm2. Fluks of niacinamide respectively (F1, F2, and F3) are 253,6 ± 8,0 µg/cm2hour, 582,7 ± 1,4 µg/cm2hour, and 334,93 ± 1,2 µg/cm2hour. The presentage of penetrated niacinamide are 8,89 ± 0,28 %, 17,95 ± 0,04 %, and 11,83 ± 0,04 %, respectively. Based on those result, it can be concluded that silicone compound can increase the penetration ability of niacinamide emulgels and all formulations showed good physical."

"Praktek Kerja Profesi Apoteker di PT Fonko International Pharmaceuticals bertujuan untuk calon apoteker mampu memahami tugas dan tanggung jawab apoteker dalam industri farmasi, memahami peranan GMP di industri Farmasi dan memberikan gambaran nyata tentang permasalahan pekerjaan kefarmasiaan di Industri Farmasi. Tugas khusus yang diberikan berjudul Membuat Protokol Kualifikasi Instalasi dan Operasional alat Fride-freezer Liebher . Tujuan dari tugas khusus ini adalah untuk mengetahui alur pembuatan protokol kualifikasi di industry farmasi.

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Profession Internship at PT Fonko International Pharmaceuticals aiming for that prospective pharmacists are able to understand the duties and responsibilities of pharmacists in the pharmaceutical industry, understanding role of GMP in Industry, and have a real picture of the issues pharmaceutical practice and learn the strategies and activities that can be done in the framework of the development of pharmacy practice. Given the special task entitled Making Instalasi and Operational Qualfication Protocol tools Fridge-Freezer Liebher. The purpose of this special task is to knowing role of making qualification protocol in pharmaceutical industry.

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"Compunding has always been part of pharmacy practice. Today, the need for compounding is growing, with the prevalence of drug shortages, outsourcing of compounding services by hospitals, and patients' needs for individualized preparations. Compounding pharmacies now have the opportunity to obtain accreditation. The Art, Science, and Technology of Pharmaceutical Compounding presents all the information a student needs to understand the purpose and processes of compounding. It includes the essential information on establishing, equipping and operating a compounding pharmacy. It discusses all aspects of good manufacturing practices for compounded medications and it features quality control measures for all aspects of compounding. For practitioners who already compound prescription medications, the book is a ready reference featuring more than 200 sample formulations, including bases, vehicles and ingredient-specific preparations. Each formulation lists the necessary ingredients and gives step-by-step instructions for preparing the product. A new chapter emphasizes the importance of knowing the purity and form of all ingredients to ensure that the proper dose of a compounded product is delivered"

"Pekerjaan kefarmasian yang dilakukan di industri farmasi antara lain pengendalian mutu sediaan farmasi, pengadaan, pengamanan, penyimpanan, serta pengembangan obat, bahan obat, dan obat tradisional. Industri farmasi diwajibkan untuk memenuhi persyaratan Cara Pembuatan Obat yang Baik (CPOB). Apabila suatu industri farmasi tidak menerapkan CPOB, maka akan berdampak terhadap keselamatan pasien. Praktik kerja profesi apoteker di PT Merck Tbk bertujuan untuk memahami peranan, tugas, dan tanggung jawab apoteker di industri farmasi; memiliki wawasan, pengetahuan, ketrampilan, dan pengalaman praktis untuk melakukan pekerjaan kefarmasian di industri farmasi; memahami penerapan CPOB di industri farmasi, dan memiliki gambaran nyata tentang permasalahan pekerjaan kefarmasian di industri farmasi. Tugas khusus yang dikerjaan mengenai Validasi Metode Analisis Nikotinamida (Vitamin B3) Menggunakan KCKT pada Sirup Multivitamin.

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Pharmaceutical works practiced in pharmacy industry are pharmaceutical preparation quality control, safekeeping, and the development of drugs, drug raw materials, and traditional medicines. Pharmacy industry is obligated to fulfill the requirements of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) of drugs. If a pharmacy industry doesnt apply the GMP, it will impact the patient safety. The objective of apothecary profession internship practice at PT Merck Tbk were comprehending the role, duty, and responsibility of apothecary in pharmacy industry; having knowledges, skills, and practical experience in executing pharmaceutical work in pharmacy industry; comprehending the application of GMP for drugs in pharmacy industry; and having real description of pharmaceutical work issue in pharmacy industry. The special assigment created was about Analytical Method Validation of Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) Using HPLC in Multivitamin Syrup."

"Seorang apoteker yang profesional harus mampu menerapkan ilmu pengetahuan yang telah diperoleh selama masa studi dalam melaksanakan pekerjaan kefarmasian. Sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan calon apoteker mengenai peran, fungsi, dan tanggung jawab apoteker serta mendapatkan gambaran pekerjaan kefarmasian, calon apoteker perlu melaksanakan Praktik Kerja Profesi Apoteker terlebih dahulu sebelum memasuki dunia kerja. Praktik kerja profesi apoteker dilakukan di Kimia Farma Apotek 001 Garuda periode Maret 2022, PT. Novell Pharmaceuticals Laboratories periode Mei-Juni 2022, Puskesmas Kecamatan Kebon Jeruk periode Juli 2022, PBF SamMarie Tramedifa periode Agustus 2022, dan Rumah Sakit Universitas Indonesia periode September - Oktober 2022. Setelah pelaksanaan praktik kerja profesi apoteker di Apotek, Industri, pusat kesehatan masyarakat (Puskesmas), PBF, dan Rumah Sakit tersebut, calon apoteker diharapkan dapat memiliki wawasan, pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan pengalaman yang cukup sehingga siap untuk memasuki dunia kerja sebagai apoteker yang kompeten dan profesional.

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A professional pharmacist must be able to apply the knowledge that has been acquired during the study period in carrying out pharmaceutical work. As an effort to increase the knowledge and skills of prospective pharmacists regarding the roles, functions and responsibilities of pharmacists and to get an overview of pharmaceutical work, prospective pharmacists need to carry out Pharmacist Professional Work Practice before entering the world of work. Pharmacist professional work practice is carried out at Kimia Farma Pharmacy 001 Garuda for the period of March 2022, PT. Novell Pharmaceuticals Laboratories for the period May-June 2022, the Kebon Jeruk District Health Center for the July 2022 period, PBF SamMarie Tramedifa for the August 2022 period, and the University of Indonesia Hospital for the September-October 2022 period. Community Health Centers), PBF, and Hospitals, prospective pharmacists are expected to have sufficient insight, knowledge, skills and experience so that they are ready to enter the world of work as competent and professional pharmacists.

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"Transfersom merupakan golongan liposom atau vesikel yang dapat mengalami perubahan bentuk, elastis, dan fleksibel. Hidrokortison Asetat merupakan zat aktif dengan khasiat sebagai antiinflamasi yang paling rendah dibanding glukokortikoid lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ada untuk mengetahui perbandingan Fosfatidilkolin dan Brij O10 untuk menghasilkan transfersom Hidrokortison Asetat yang baik dan mengetahui profil penetrasi transfersom gel Hidrokortison Asetat dibandingkan dengan sediaan gel Hidrokortison Asetat biasa. Perbandingan Fosfatidilkolin dan Brij O10 formula 1 memiliki karateristik yang lebih baik dibandingkan formula 2 dengan ukuran rata-rata 187,04 nm, indeks deformabilitas 2,21 dan efisiensi penjerapan 97,64%. Perbandingan Fosfatidilkolin dan Brij O10 formula 2 memiliki ukuran rata rata 207,87 nm, indeks deformabilitas 0,78 dan efisiensi penjerapan 97,51%. Jumlah kumulatif Hidrokortison Asetat yang terpenetrasi dari gel kontrol adalah 1900,06 ± 408,52 μg/cm2 dengan persentase jumlah kumulatif sebesar 33,50 ± 7,19 % dan fluks 116,11 ± 5,72 μg/cm2 jam -1. Hasil tersebut lebih besar dibandingkan dengan penetrasi gel transfersom Hidrokortison Asetat yang memiliki jumlah kumulatif yang terpenetrasi sebesar 321,42 ± 41,58 μg/cm2 dengan persentase jumlah kumulatif sebesar 5,65 ± 0,75 % dan fluks 9,1882 ± 5,39 μg/cm2 jam -1.

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Transfersome is a kind of vesicle carrier which is deformable, elastic, and flexible. Hydrocortisone Acetate is one of glucocorticoid antiinflammatory drug that has lower antiinflammation potency than other glucocorticoid antiinflammatory drug. The purpose of the research is to find an optimum combination of phosphatydilcholine and brij O10 to make transfersome with good chracteristics and to compare the penetration profile between hydrocortisone acetate transfersomal gel and conventional hydrocortisone acetate gel. The combination shown by formula 1 has better characteristics thank formula 2 with average particle size 187,04 nm, deformability index 2,21 and entrapment efficacy 97,64%. The combination of Phosphatydilcholine and Brij O10 shown in formula 2 gives average particle size 207,87 nm, deformability index 0,78 and entrapment efficacy 97,51%. Total cumulative amount that penetrated from Hidrocortisone Acetate gel is 1900,06 ± 408,52 μg/cm2 which is equivalent to 33,50 ± 7,19 % and its flux is 116,11 ± 5,72 μg/cm2 hour -1. Those results give better results than Hidrocortisone Acetate Transfersomal gel which gives total cumulative amount 321,42 ± 41,58 μg/cm2 with percentage of cumulative amount that penetrated 5,65 ± 0,75 % and flux 9,1882 ± 5,39 μg/cm2 hour -1."