Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"UU No. 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang UUK-PKPU merupakan penyempurnaan dari Peraturan Kepailitan yang lama yaitu Faillissementsverordening dan UU No. 4 Tahun 1998 tentang Kepailitan UUK. Penyempurnaan tersebut dilakukan agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dan mengatasi masalah yang timbul berkaitan dengan kepailitan. Namun walaupun telah terjadi perubahan dan penyempurnaan terhadap peraturan tersebut masih dijumpai masalah-masalah yang timbul terutama menganai percepatan waktu penagihan utang akselerasi. Dalam UKK dan Faillissementsverordening percepatan waktu penagihan utang akselerasi tidak diatur secara normatif. Sehingga hakim mempunyai diskresi untuk melakukan penemuan hukum secara berbeda-beda dalam setiap kasus. Dalam UUK-PKPU ditemukan ketentuan mengenai percepatan waktu penagihan utang akselerasi yatu pada penjelasan Pasal 2 ayat 1 UUK-PKPU namun ketentuan tersebut dirasakan masih kurang memadai. Hal ini terlihat dari pertimbangan hakim dalam putusan-putusan pada masa berlakunya UUK-PKPU yang melakukan interpretasi secara berbeda-beda dalam hal mengakui adanya percepatan waktu penagihan utang akselerasi. Sehingga tidak tercipta kepastian hukum bagi para kreditor maupun para debitor.

---

Law Number 37 of 2004 UUK PKPU is a refinement of the old bankruptcy regulation of Faillissementsverordening Fv and Law Number 4 of 1998 UUK . Completion is done in order to meet the needs and solve problems that arise in connection with bankruptcy. However, despite the changes and improvements to the regulation, there are still problems that arise, especially in accelerating the timing of debt collection acceleration . In the UKK and Fv acceleration is not regulated normatively. So the judge has the discretion to make the discovery of the law differently in each case. In UUK PKPU acceleration found in the explanation of Article 2 paragraph 1 of UUK PKPU, but the provision is felt still inadequate. This can be seen from the judges consideration during the validity period of UUK PKPU which interpret differently about acceleration. Therefore that does not create legal certainty for the creditors and the debtors."

"Putusan pernyataan pailit mengakibatkan harta kekayaan debitor dimasukkan dalam harta pailit sejak putusan tersebut dikeluarkan. Kepailitan meliputi seluruh kekayaan debitor pada saat putusan pernyataan pailit diucapkan serta segala sesuatu yang diperoleh selama kepailitan (Pasal 21 UU Nomor 37 Tahun 2004). Pengurusan harta pailit dilakukan oleh kurator yang ditetapkan dalam putusan pernyataan pailit tersebut. Pelaksanaan pengurusan harta pailit oleh kurator bersifat seketika, berlaku saat itu juga terhitung sejak putusan pailit diucapkan. Salah satu tugas kurator dalam melakukan pengurusan harta pailit adalah penjualan harta tersebut. UUKPKPU dalam Pasal 185 mengintrodusir dua cara penjualan harta pailit (asset-aset debitor), menjual didepan umum dan dibawah tangan dengan izin hakim pengawas. Penjualan dibawah tangan harta pailit merupakan penjualan tanpa terlibatnya pejabat kantor lelang. Sedangkan pada dasarnya penjualan harta pailit harus dilakukan secara penjualan lelang. Salah satu dasar hukumnya lelang adalah Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 27/PMK.06/2016 tentang Petunjuk Pelaksanaan Lelang. Sedangkan penjualan dibawah tangan tidak diatur jelas dalam UUKPKPU maupun di Undang-Undang lain dalam hal tata cara penjualan dibawah tangan itu sendiri. Kekosongan Hukum ini yang beresiko menimbulkan sengketa dikemudian hari atas kurator yang beritikad buruk. Tesis ini membahas mengenai kekosongan hukum yang terjadi pada UUKPKPU dalam hal penjualan dibawah tangan harta pailit dan upaya hukum yang ideal dalam menyelesaikan sengketa pengurusan harta pailit.

---

Bankruptcy assets since the decision was issued. Bankruptcy covers the entire wealth of the debtor at the time of the declaration of bankruptcy pronounced the decision of as well as everything that is obtained during the bankruptcy (Article 21 of Law No. 37 of 2004 on Bankruptcy and Suspension of Payment). Handling bankruptcy assets made by curators set out in the decision of the bankruptcy declaration. Implementation of the maintenance of bankruptcy assets by the curator is instantaneous, with immediate effect as from the bankruptcy decision is pronounced. One task of the curator in performing the maintenance of bankruptcy assets is the sale of such property. Law on Bankruptcy and Suspension of Payment Article 185 introduces two ways of selling bankruptcy assets (the debtor's assets), sold in public and under the arms with the permission of the supervisory judge. Sales under the hands of bankruptcy assets without the involvement of a sales office official auction. While basically the sale of bankruptcy assets must be made in auction sales. One of the legal basis auctions Minister of Finance Regulation No. 27 / PMK.06 / 2016 on Guidelines for the Implementation of the Auction. While sales are not regulated under the hands clearly in bankruptcy law and suspension of debt payments and in other Laws on the manner of sales under the hand itself. Emptiness This law is likely to cause a dispute later on curators who act in bad faith. This thesis discusses the legal vacuum that occurred on bankruptcy law and the postponement of debt payment obligations in terms of sales under the hands of bankruptcy assets and remedies are ideal in resolving disputes and the maintenance of bankruptcy assets."

"Debitor yang dinyatakan pailit haruslah memenuhi seluruh syarat yuridis kepailitan sebagaimana dinyatakan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004. Namun dalam kasus PT. Hendratna Plywood, salah satu syarat yuridis kepailitan tidak terpenuhi, namun majelis hakim tetap menyatakan PT. Hendratna Plywood pailit dengan segala pertimbangan hukumnya. Penelitian yang dilakukan secara yuridis normatif ini memperoleh kesimpulan bahwa majelis hakim kurang tepat dalam menerapkan norma-norma hukum dalam putusan serta beberapa pertimbangan hukumnya. Sehingga hendaknya majelis hakim dalam memutus suatu perkara lebih cermat dalam menerapkan norma-norma hukum yang berlaku agar dapat tercipta suatu kepastian hukum dan tidak terjadi penyalahgunaan pranata dan lembaga kepailitan oleh Kreditor.

---

The debtor declared bankrupt must fulfill all the bankruptcy jurisdiction requirements as stated in Law No. 37 of 2004. However, in the case of PT. Hendratna Plywood, one of the the bankruptcy jurisdiction requirements is unfulfilled, but the judges still declared PT. Hendratna Plywood bankrupt with all the legal considerations. This research, which was conducted using normative juridical method concludes that the judges were less precise in applying legal norms in the decision as well as some legal considerations. Thus, in deciding the case, the judges should be more careful in applying the legal norms applicable in order to create legal certainty a..."

"Kewajiban insolvensi test pada lembaga Indonesia Investment Authority atau Lembaga Pengelola Investasi (“INA”) diatur di dalam Pasal 72 Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 74 Tahun 2020 tentang Lembaga Pengelola Investasi yang pada pokoknya mengatur bahwa INA tidak dapat dipailitkan kecuali dapat dibuktikan INA berada dalam kondisi yang insolven  dengan pembuktian berdasarkan insolvency test oleh lembaga independen yang ditunjuk oleh Menteri Keuangan. Namun demikian, tidak dijelaskan secara rigid bagaimana mekanisme insolvency test yang dimaksud dan bagaimana penerapannya di Indonesia karena sistem kepailitan di Indonesia sama sekali tidak mengenal mekanisme insolvency test karena ada beberapa faktor bahwa insolvency test dianggap sulit diterapkan di Indonesia sehingga lembaga independen yang dapat melakukan insolvency test pun sampai dengan saat ini belum ada. Hal tersebut menyebabkan ketentuan mengenai insolvency test pada INA akan sulit diterapkan karena tidak relevan dengan kepailitan di Indonesia. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan mengetahui sejauh mana kewajiban insolvency test pada INA dapat diterapkan di Indonesia dan mengapa insolvency test juga tidak dijawibkan pada kepailitan BUMN yang sama-sama menjadi kewenangan Menteri Keuangan, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dan berdasarkan perkembangan perekonomian Indonesia, saat ini insolvency test tidak hanya dapat diterapkan pada INA, namun kedepannya berkemungkinan dapat diterapkan pada kepailitan BUMN.

---

The insolvency test obligation on the Indonesia Investment Authority or Investment Management Institution ("INA") is regulated in Article 72 of Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No.74 of 2020 concerning Investment Management Institutions which basically regulates that INA cannot be bankrupted unless it can be proven that INA is in an insolvent condition with proof based on an insolvency test by an independent institution appointed by the Minister of Finance. However, it is not rigidly explained how the insolvency test mechanism is intended and how it is applied in Indonesia because the bankruptcy system in Indonesia does not recognize the insolvency test mechanism at all because there are several factors that the insolvency test is considered difficult to apply in Indonesia so that independent institutions that can conduct insolvency tests do not yet exist. This causes the insolvency test in the INA difficult to apply as it is not relevant to bankruptcy in Indonesia. This study aims to understand and find out the extent to which the insolvency test obligation on INA can be applied in Indonesia and why the insolvency test is also not obliged to the bankruptcy of BUMN which is equally the authority of the Minister of Finance, using normative juridical research methods and based on the development of the Indonesian economy, currently the insolvency test can not only be applied to INA, but in the future it is possible to be applied to the bankruptcy of BUMN."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai permohonan PKPU atas diri PT. DRI yang diajukan oleh Bank Mandiri selaku Kreditur pemegang hak jaminan pada saat berlangsungnya proses gugatan sengketa nilai tukar dollar untuk pinjaman investasi yang diberikan oleh Bank Mandiri. Proses PKPU kemudian berakhir pada kepailitan kendati PT. DRI dapat membuktikan bahwa dirinya telah melaksanakan kewajibannya kepada kreditur. Prosedural permohonan PKPU dan Kepailitan dari PT. DRI dilakukan sesuai dengan Undang-undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan PKPU namun terdapat kejanggalankejanggalan dalam proses pelaksanaannya, salah satu kejanggalan tersebut adalah pemblokiran rekening PT DRI oleh Pengurus sehingga PT DRI tidak dapat mengakses rekening untuk kepentingan pembayaran seluruh biaya operasional dan gaji pegawai. Hingga tahun 2013, PT DRI masih melakukan upaya hukum terkait putusan pailit yang dijatuhkan kepada dirinya dan penjaminnya. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian menyarankan perlu dibentuk suatu lembaga independen yang khusus mengawasi proses PKPU dan kepailitan serta mengawasi kinerja Kurator, mengingat bahwa Hakim Pengawas tidak sepenuhnya bekerja untuk mengawasi proses PKPU dan Kepailitan; Peranan PPATK perlu diperluas sampai dengan taraf dimana kasus-kasus yang terjadi sebelum PPATK didirikan dapat diperiksa; Bank Indonesia perlu membuat sebuah badan internal yang berfungsi menerima dan memeriksa laporan dari masyarakat terkait kerugian yang ditanggung oleh masyarakat karena kelalaian bank; Perlu penambahan syarat keadaan insolvensi dan jumlah minimum hutang untuk dapat mengajukan permohonan PKPU; Perlunya diatur tugas dan wewenang Pengurus dan Kurator yang detail didalam Undang-undang Kepailitan dan PKPU.

---

This thesis focus in suspension of obligation for payment of debt petition upon PT DRI filed by Bank Mandiri as Preference Creditor-holder of security rights during lawsuit of dollar exchange rate granted by Mandiri Bank itself. PKPU process then ends in bankruptcy even though PT DRI carried out its obligations to Creditors. PKPU application procedures and bankruptcy of PT. DRI carried out in accordance with Law No. 37 of 2004 on Bankruptcy and PKPU but there are irregularities in the implementation process, one of these irregularities is blocking accounts by the Administrator so that PT DRI cannot access the account for the benefit of the entire payment of operating costs and salaries. Until the year 2013, PT DRI still take legal actions related to bankruptcy decision handed down to itself and its guarantor. This research is using normative juridical methodology and analytical descriptive. The research result to a suggestion where it is needed to set up an independent body who oversees the process of suspension of obligation for payment and bankruptcy also oversee the Receivers work performance, given that the Supervisory Judge not fully work to oversee the suspension of obligation for payment of debt and Bankruptcy. PPATK role needs to be expanded to the extent to which the cases occurred before PPATK set out. Bank Indonesia needs to make an internal body that serves to receive and investigate reports of the public related losses which borne by society due to the negligence of the bank; Need the addition of a state of insolvency requirement and the minimum amount of debt to be able to apply for suspension of obligation for payment of debt."

"Utang pajak memiliki keistimewaan dibandingkan dengan hutang lainnya di dalam suatu kepailitan. Direktorat Jenderal Pajak dalam hal ini yang berwenang melakukan penagihan utang pajak di dalam suatu kepailitan. Sengketa pembagian harta pailit kerap terjadi antara Kurator dengan kreditur di dalam suatu proses kepailitan.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penulis mengungkapkan bahwa penerapan hak mendahulu utang pajak juga harus mengikuti prosedur di dalam Undang-Undang Kepailitan selayaknya kreditur lainnya. Pokok permasalahan yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini adalah mengenai kedudukan hukum Direktorat Jenderal Pajak dalam suatu perkara kepailitan dan upaya hukum yang dilakukan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pajak dalam menagih utang pajak pada perusahaan yang dinyatakan pailit.

---

Tax debt has a distinctive compared to other debts in a bankruptcy. In this case Directorate General of Taxes has the authorities to collect tax debts in a bankruptcy.

Distribution of the bankruptcy estate disputes often occur between the Curator and creditors in a bankruptcy process. Based on this research, the authors reveal that the application of the tax debt with its privilege also have to follow the procedures in the Insolvency Act like other creditors. The main problem discussed in this paper is about the legal position of the Directorate General of Taxes in a bankruptcy case and legal action made by the tax authorities to collect the tax debt on the company declared bankrupt."

"Penyelesaian sengketa melalui pengadilan adalah metode penyelesaian sengketa yang terkenal dan sudah lama ada. Namun pada nyatanya dalam dunia bisnis masih banyak yang akan memilih forum penyelesaian sengketa yang menurut kriterianya lebih terpercaya dan sesuai dengan bisnisnya dan memiliki risiko yang relatif kecil terhadap kegiatan usahanya yaitu salah satunya merupakan Arbitrase. Kepailitan adalah penyitaan umum semua harta kekayaan debitur pailit, dengan Kurator yang mengurus dan menyelesaikan harta kekayaan itu di bawah  pengawasan Hakim Pengawas. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, Penulis mengangkat tiga pokok permasalahan yaitu bagaimana pengaturan dan praktik permohonan pengajuan pailit di Indonesia berdasarkan putusan pengadilan arbitrase asing beserta analisa terhadap putusan permohonan pengajuan pailit di Indonesia. Bentuk penelitian pada skripsi ini Bentuk penelitian pada skripsi ini bersifat yuridis-normatif dengan tipologi penelitian eksplanatori preskriptif. Kesimpulan yang didapat adalah: 1) Secara keseluruhan, Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban memiliki pengaturan yang mengatur permohonan pailit yang diajukan berdasarkan putusan pengadilan yang telah tetap dan mengikat; 2) Pengaturan Undang-Undang Kepailitan, tidak secara spesifik mengatur mengenai pengajuan pailit yang berdasarkan putusan pengadilan arbitrase asing. Namun, dalam praktiknya, beberapa kasus mengenai pengajuan pailit berdasarkan putusan pengadilan arbitrase asing telah muncul di Indonesia, dan 3) Dalam Putusan Nomor 46/Pailit/2012/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst., penerapan ketentuan Undang-undang Kepailitan tentang pengambilan putusan Pengadilan Arbitrase Asing sebagai dasar permohonan pengajuan pailit di Indonesia dinyatakan tidak tepat.

---

Dispute resolution through general courts is a well-known and long-standing method of dispute resolution. But in fact, in the business world there are still many who will choose a dispute resolution forum which according to the criteria is more reliable and in accordance with their business and has a relatively small risk to their business activities, one of which is Arbitration. Bankruptcy is a general confiscation of all the assets of the bankrupt debtor, with the Curator managing and settling the assets under the supervision of the Supervisory Judge. Based on this, the author of this thesis raises three main issues, inter alia the regulations and practice of bankruptcy filings in Indonesia based on decisions of foreign arbitration courts along with an analysis of the decisions on filing for bankruptcy in Indonesia. The form of research in this thesis is juridical-normative with a prescriptive explanatory research typology. The conclusions drawn are: 1) Overall, Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Obligations has provisions governing bankruptcy applications filed based on court decisions that are final and binding; 2) Bankruptcy Law Regulations, do not specifically regulate bankruptcy filings based on decisions of foreign arbitration courts. However, in practice, several cases regarding filing for bankruptcy based on decisions of foreign arbitration courts have appeared in Indonesia, and 3) In Decision No. 46/Pailit/2012/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst., the application of the provisions of the Bankruptcy Law regarding making decisions The Foreign Arbitration Court as the basis for the application for bankruptcy in Indonesia was declared inappropriate."

"The motivation behind this research is rather a glance of the true purpose behind the meaning of suspension of payment obligations and the clear solution it's commonly faced with. Ever since man conceived of commerce, all entities concerned with trading are faced with the threat of a downfall, of lack of capital and/or resources to further its own end, thus is term bankruptcy. Since also the time of when the first corporations were set up in ancient Rome, the idea of a mechanism of a share or an ownership in which these primal system of trading were initiated, entities divide the ownership of these companies by means of a share or a stock. Thereby, those possessing capital may become investors in which they partake an involvement in the trading activity of the company they invested in through capital contributions. While it is the most acknowledged and upstanding of concept in the business world, shares were specifically and are legally set up in order for it to perform in a much more refined and adoptable way throughout time. As the cornerstone of commercial activity and/or early forms of corporate finance, shares are regarded as a payment obligation that a corporation must fulfill to their holders. Hence, the concept of shares are closely linked with that of bankruptcy. This research proposes a clear solution to the challenges that many businesses today are faced with in terms of bankruptcy. Whether or not it is worth converting debts into shares, of course, lies in the decision that were made between the conflicting parties. However, the fact that such action truly present a solution to their problem remain specifically and objectively to the benefits that each party obtains. This research approaches the problem through the case study of suspension of payment obligation to prevent the bankruptcy of P.T. Bakrie Telecom Tbk. that was presented by P.T. Netwave Multi Media and were decided that the debts be converted into shares. In a long run, the decisions that were made seem solid, as if all debts were to be fulfilled on specified time. However, there are assumptions as well as the probability whereby such time extension may prove to be quite risky and are frivolous in nature. This research thus seeks to enlighten the fact that the court of law fully supports the legality and the solidity of the conversion of debts into shares and how suspension of payment obligation may well benefit both parties, the debtor as well as the creditor, in the long run."

"Utang pajak memiliki keistimewaan yang membedakannya dengan utang niaga. Dimana utang pajak memiliki Hak Istimewa yang pemenuhannya didahulukan di atas pemenuhan pembayaran utang lainnya. Pokok permasalahan yang akan dibahas dalam tulisan ini adalah mengenai kedudukan utang pajak dalam perkara kepailitan dan bagaimana seharusnya penyelesaian utang pajak atas perusahaan yang pailit. Pokok permasalahan tersebut akan dianalisa dengan menggunakan peraturan di bidang perpajakan dan peraturan di bidang kepailitan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kedudukan utang pajak yang memiliki hak mendahulu pada pelunasan utang pajak atas perusahaan yang pailit. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif yaitu penelitian yang mengacu kepada peraturan perundang-undangan dan penelitian kepustakaan dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Penelitian ini juga menjelaskan pengaturan utang pajak atas kepailitan yang diterapkan di Jepang dan Singapura. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terhadap kitab undang-undang hukum perdata, undang-undang perpajakan, dan undang-undang kepailitan, utang pajak harus didahulukan karena memiliki hak mendahulu dan penyelesaiannya tunduk dengan yang diatur dalam undang-undang perpajakan.

---

Tax debt has specialties that make it different with commercial debt. Tax debt contains privilege to be fulfilled first than other debts. The main issues that would be discussed in this writing are about the position of tax debt in insolvency case and how it supposed to be settlement by the law. The issues would be analyzed with tax regulations and bankruptcy regulations. The purpose of this research is to know about tax debt position that has privilege in winding up process. Research method that is being used is juridical normative method, which means the research is based on regulation and library research that used secondary data. This research also explain the position of tax claims in Japan and Singapore. Based on the research of civil law, tax regulations, and bankruptcy regulations, tax debt must be fulfilled first because his privilege and winding up procedures based on process in tax regulation."

"Dalam UU No.5 Tahun 1999 telah dijelaskan mengenai apa yang menjadi asas didalam menjalankan kegiatan usaha yaitu berdasarkan asas demokrasi ekonomi yang bertujuan untuk mencapai keseimbangan dalam melakukan kegiatan usaha antara pelaku usaha dan kepentingan umum. Namun keseimbangan dalam melakukan kegiatan usaha dapat terganggu dengan adanya kegiatan-kegiatan yang dilarang dilakukan oleh pelaku usaha karena dinilai dapat menghambat berjalannya kegiatan usaha dan dapat merugikan, kegiatan tersebut salah satunya adalah penyalahgunaan posisi dominan. Kegiatan penyalahgunaan posisi dominan dapat dianggap kegiatan yang dilarang karena dapat mengganggu jalannya kegiatan usaha dan merugikan pelaku usaha lain maupun konsumen. Saat pelaku usaha dinilai melakukan penyalahgunaan posisi dominan, perlu adanya pembuktian-pembuktian yang mendasari putusan hakim. Hal tersebut dengan melakukan analisis dari pendekatan- pendekatan dalam Hukum Persaingan Usaha dan dikaitkan dengan beberapa putusan yang dikeluarkan oleh KPPU. Putusan- putusan tersebut kemudian akan dibandingkan dalam segi format, alat bukti yang digunakan, teori yang digunakan serta penjatuhan denda kepada pelaku penyalahgunaan posisi dominan. Dalam tulisan ini, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian secara normatif dengan cara studi dokumen kepustakaan. Sehingga pada akhirnya dapat disimpulkan metode pembuktian dengan pendekatan seperti apa yang digunakan oleh KPPU dalam membuktikan adanya penyalahgunaan posisi dominan berdasarkan putusan- putusan yang akan dianalisis dan berdasarkan pertimbangan Hakim dalam memutus perkara tersebut serta hal- hal apa saja yang membedakan satu putusan dengan putusan lainnya. Pada akhirnya penulis menyarankan bahwa perlu adanya aturan yang lebih rinci berkaitan dengan inkonsistensi format putusan KPPU dan aturan te...

---

In Law Number 5 Year 1999 has been explained about what is the basis in conducting business activities based on the principle of economic democracy which aims to achieve balance in conducting business activities between business actors and the public interest. However, the balance in conducting business activities can be disrupted by any activity prohibited by business actors as it is considered to inhibit the course of business activities and may be harmful, one of which is the abuse of dominant position. Abuse of dominant position activity can be considered as prohibited activity because it can disrupt business activity and harm the perpetrators and other business consumers. When a business actor is perceived as abusing a dominant position, it is necessary to establish the evidence underlying the judge 39s decision. This is done by analyzing the approach in the Business Competition Law and related to some decisions issued by KPPU. Decisions will then be compared in terms of the format, the evidence used, the theory used and the imposition of fines on the dominant position actors. In this paper, the author uses normative research methods by way of library document studies. So that in the end it can be concluded the evidentiary method with what approach used by KPPU in proving the existence of abuse of dominant position based on the decision to be analyzed and based on the judge 39 s consideration in deciding the case and it is important to distinguish one decision by another decision. In the end the authors suggest that there is a need for more detailed rules related to the inconsistency of KPPU decision format and regulation renewal regarding the proof of abuse of dominant position."