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"In this article some characteristics of women petty vegetable traders from five markets in Pulo Gadung, Jakarta are put forward. Writer had conducted a study of these women at the beginning of 1991. Most of these traders have migrated to Jakarta to look for better living conditions. They work because they have to support their families. They have very long working hours, receive low financial reward, but even though the earnings are very small, the survival of their families depend heavily on these earnings."

"The writer put forward that in mainstream social sciences not much attention is given to problems related to power relationship in small social units such as the family. Thus in this article attempts are made to describe how much autonomy women have regarding household economy matters. The description of cases is based on research conducted in Jakarta by the team of "Srikandi Foundation" a small research institute of which writer is one of the chairpersons."

"The article focuses on the role of Indonesian of Arab descents in local politics, particularly in two provinces in Outer Islands, East Kalimantan and West Nusa Tenggara. While much have been researched on the role of Arab descents in national Politics such as studies by Hamid Algadri and Bisri Affendy, little is known about their roles in local politics. In East Kalimantan, Indonesian of Arab descents have played political roles up to the level of Vice Governor and other important positions, as far back as the Sultanates period in the 1950s. Similar important political role have also occurred in West Nusa Tenggara where Indonesian of Arab descents were the Chairman of Local Parliament (DPRD) and Assistant to the Governors, both in the1950s and 1960s. The important roles that have been played by Indonesians of Arab descents are made possible by their "local assimilation" to the local indigenous communities, both trough intermarriages; common living in the same residential areas; common Islamic beliefs and their integration into Indonesian political system after dissolution of Indonesian party of Arab descent (PAI) in the 1930s which have differentiated them from the political history of Indonesian of Chinese descent (peranakan Tionghoa)."

"This article had the aim to show in what way legal anthropological approach can contribute to the development of a field now know as women's studies. What will be explained is the potentiality of yielding rich and valuable data regarding women's issues when the methods developed in anthropological fieldwork are being used in research. The writer illustrate her points by describing her study, conducted in three villages in vicinity of Tarutung, North Sumatera."

"Legally there is no discrimination against women in the field of education, such as discernable in laws concerning formal education. Schools are generally co-educational; even those schools which initially are meant to enroll only boys (technical schools) or only girls (schools for home economic) are how open to both sexes. However statistical data show that there is a greater percentage of illiteracy among woman...[...]Non-formal education is provided by governmental instances, women's organization and private enterprises as well with a view to increasing the potentials of men and women; enrollment in these courses, arranging from literacy classes to agricultural training and in home economics, is voluntarily. Informal education is received through experiences in the family circle and other social groups, exposure to the mass media and by attending the traditional and modern theater. To what extent discrimination against women is apparent through informal education further social research may be able to reveal."

"This article examines a dispute over proper religious practice in an all-Muslim village in Buton, Southeast Sulawesi. Traditionalists and modernists disagree over whether agricultural ceremonies involving offerings for territorial spirits should be allowed to continue. Local views on this dispute are explored with reference to the historical context of religious practice in the village, and processes of social change over the past several generations. It is argued that key social, political and economic dynamics which are relevant to the current religious dispute include the decline of agriculture in the village, the eclipsing of the Butonese Sultanate and integration into the Indonesian state, and new patterns of mobility whereby many villagers have become migrants to urban centers in eastern Indonesia. Thus it traces how processes of the increasing penetration of capitalism, the decline of traditional authority, and new patterns of mobility have played out in this particular village in the context of a dispute over religious practice."

"In this article the author argues for the need to develop and use a new paradigm in examining the role of women. By considering the significant role women played in the recent economic crisis in Indonesia which has been neglected by various parties, including scholars, the author prefers strongly to use the paradigm 'critics' in the studies about women. She explains further the difference between this paradigm and the 'interpretive' and positivism' paradigms. The use of the new paradigm would enable the researcher to examine the relevant issues, carry out a participative approach, as well as change the disadvantaged situations and roles the women have."

"In this article, the author argues for the inappropriateness of the government's policy and approach in its efforts to 'develop' the indigenous people who have been categorized as 'masyarakat terasing'. Through his analysis on the program of Pembinaan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Terasing (PKMT), the author assumes that the program has failed. He examines the failure by looking closely at the livelihood of Orang Laut in Indragiri Hilir, the fishermen, who used to live collectively along the seashore and spend most of their time in boats. They refused to stay in the resettlement village which was provided by the government who did not base its program on the social-cultural-economic reality."

"This article tries to explain the sttaus and role of women in Minahasa society. The author describes the image of Minahasa women in legends and folklore. It also describes the position of women in local culture such as in marriage and death, and in the division of labor. Based on historical data, the author gives several examples of events that reflect the character of Minahasa women. This article alsi describes contemporary activities of women in education, religion, and social organizations such as PIKAT, PERKIM, and Dharma Wanita. "

"In November 1967 the General Assembly United Nations adopted the declaration "to ensure the universal recognition in law and in fact of the principle of equality of men and women". That Declaration was known as the Declaration of the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women. One of the state ratified the declaration is Indonesia. The ratification was declared as Undang-undang No. 7/1984. After eight years declared, it would be still interesting to know how the law works in reality. Does anyone know about what happened and what is going on with the legal issues regarding women. This article tries to get some explanation about how far the declaration is known and what was done about it. Some law and social-political science students of University of Indonesia were interviewed. What they say, feel, and think about all of women issues in terms of knowing and understanding the declaration would be held in this small-scale research."