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"Non-processual approaches in anthropology have been heavily criticized for not providing an adequate framework for explaining the emergence of socio-cultural phenomena, and the processes and mechanisms of change. Socio-cultural life is undeniably dynamic and everchanging. In facing this matter many anthropologists have turned to a processual approach in studying the dynamics of culture in the last two decades. In this article the author shows how the processual approach is applied to the study of cultural dynamics. The author begins by discussing the unit of analysis and focus of study in a processual approach. Following that, she discusses the implication of this upon the methods and strategies for uncovering, describing and explaining change. The author also shows how this approach can uncover the heterogeneous nature of a socio-cultural phenomenon and the extent to which that heterogeneity allows change to occur. Her arguments are based upon empirical cases of knowledge transmission and formation among farmers in several locations on the north coast of West Java and Central Lampung."

"Scientific knowledge is becoming the basis for action by policy makers and bureaucratic at the cost of other knowledge systems. In this article, the authors discuss this problem and raise the issue of the more fundamental problem of local communities losing the freedom to develop their own strategies for resource management. Their argument is based upon findings from the field of agriculture. Since the Green Revolution of the 1970's, farmers have been forced to plant specific varieties of rice and use specific fertilizer and pesticides. Farmers no longer experiment with other varieties of rice, leading to degradation in biodiversity and the farmers' own local knowledge system. The problem has been somewhat alleviated by the introduction of integrated pest management, which has allowed farmers to make discoveries through observation and discussion, and to make their own decision. However, food shortages in 1997-1998 have led the government to return to programs emphasizing high production targets through a planned, top-down model for agriculture."

"Non-processual approaches in anthropology have been heavily criticized for not providing an adequate framework for explaining the emergence of socio-cultural phenomena, and the processes and mechanisms of change. Socio-cultural life is undeniably dynamic and everchanging. In facing this matter many anthropologists have turned to a processual approach in studying the dynamics of culture in the last two decades. In this article the author shows how the a processual approach is applied to the study of cultural dynamics. The author begins by discussing the unit of analysis and focus of study in a processual approach. Following that, she discusses the implication of this upon the methods and strategies for uncovering, describing and explaining change. The author also shows how this approach can uncover the heterogeneous nature of a socio-cultural phenomenon and the extent to which that heterogeneity allows change to occur. Her arguments are based upon empirical cases of knowledge transmission and formation among farmers in several locations on the north coast of West Java and Central Lampung."

"It is a reality that our environment has become degraded due to various human activities without any concerns for the long-term sustainable implication on both nature and the people who have for generations developed social-cultural institutions to protect their environment in a sustainable manner. The problems have been more severe due to the alienation of local people in their own habitat and the replacement of their roles by those who have power and authority in introducing various kinds of development programmes. There have been no linkages between the physical and natural processes as the consequences of those programmes with people?s empirical knowledge. It is now high time to ?humanize people? again in their own environment. An interdisciplinary approach is indeed necessary. Anthropology can play a significant role in providing the ?knot? in the network of science-technology-policy on the one hand, and people?s lives on the other hand. Trans-disciplinary research and collaboration with local people have to be developed further. Anthropologists can be the ?cultural translators? for various parties who have different objectives, knowledge, perspectives, and strategies in resource management. This inauguration paper addresses this issue by exemplifying the problems faced by farmers in Indonesia who have been alienated in their own lands since the onset of the Green Revolution in food crop production and how an anthropologist can contribute to the return of farmers? dignity and creativity."

"Machine generated contents note: 1. Why social scientists should not avoid cognitive issues; 2. Innateness and social scientists? fears; 3. How anthropology abandoned a naturalist epistemology; 4. The nature/culture wars; 5. Time and the anthropologists; 6. Reconciling social science and cognitive science notions of the ?self?; 7. What goes without saying; 8. Memory."

"The volume is introduced with discussion of these mundane details not only because anthropologists are supposed to report context. We also wish to underline the role of AITs as enablers of the discussion of their cultural correlates that follows. While anthropologists have long encouraged global thinking, existing technologies allowed us to act on our thoughts with greater dispatch. We want this issue of JAI to have a similarly reverberating impact, broadening the issues on the agenda of both Indonesianist anthropology and cyberspace ethnography."

"Salah satu persoalan dalam filsafat ilmu sosial adalah bagaimana menjelaskan (explain) tindakan-tindakan manusia yang beranekaragam secara ilmiah. Apakah kita dapat menerapkan metode-metode ilmu alam atau ada cara lain yang lebih tepat untuk menjelaskannya? Para ilmuwan sosial masih terus berupaya menemukan the best way untuk menjelaskan gejala-gejala sosial meskipun mereka tetap belum puas. Thomas Kuhn berpendapat bahwa ilmu sosial-tidak seperti ilmu alam-masih terlibat dalam diskusi metodologi yang tidak habis-habisnya karena belum mampu mencapai suatu kesepakatan mengenai paradigma-paradigma umum untuk membatasi masalah-masalah dan prosedur penelitian. Artikel ini berusaha mendiskusikan pandangan interpretive dari Clifford Geertz dalam mengkaji kebudayaan dan masyarakat serta kedudukannya dalam konstelasi metodologi ilmu sosial. Ada dua alasan mengapa perlu mendiskusikan masalah ini: (1) pandangan interpretive terhadap gejala-gejala sosial merupakan perkembangan penting dalam ilmu sosial selama dua dasawarsa; (2) C. Geertz yang banyak dipengaruhi teori sistem Talcott Parsons telah mengembangkan gagasan yang kaya dan luar biasa tentang bagaimana melihat dan menganalisis kebudayaan dan masyarakat. Perhatiannya tidak hanya pada masalah antropologi tetapi juga pada ilmu sosial umumnya."

""Tracing intellectual genealogies should be of particular interest to anthropologists. Genealogies are recognized as a significant way to link generations, to recognize predecessors and to trace origins. They are thus a primary basis for acknowledging participation in a tradition. The Islam tradition of learning, for example, though its use of isnad gives central importance to genealogy in affirming critical intellectual succession. And certainly in the much briefer tradition of anthropology, which only began to take shape in the early twentieth century, anthropologists were taught to make use of the 'Genealogical Method' as a means of research as well as a means of understanding.""

"From generation to generation over the centuries, people in all parts of the world have developed adaptive social-cultural institutions and strategies of natural resource management based on the intimate relationship they had with their environment. At present, recent global warming is threatening people?s lives. Unfortunately, climate change is a natural phenomenon which is neither easy to observe, nor to predict and anticipate accurately. In many places, local people can no longer rely on earlier experiences and existing socio-cultural institutions to adjust to unprecedented changes. We are in urgent need of specific efforts to re-interpret and enrich our knowledge of this natural phenomenon. However, this is not an easy thing to do. People from all kinds of levels and entities in society are simultaneously the cause and the victims of global warming. The problem becomes even more complicated because of various mutually-affecting dimensions like ethics, politics, power, economics, and justice. These are theultimate challenges scholars of the social sciences and humanities need to address seriously everywhere in the world, including in Indonesia. This article addresses the arguments of what scholars in the social sciences and humanities could and should do in response to climate change. Promoting a new paradigm and ethics in dealing with climate change is urgent and improvements in approaches and research methodologies are necessary. Learning from experiences gained from the way farmers in Java respond to climate change, the author argues that interdisciplinary research across social and natural sciences, and collaborative work with target groups is a promising and significant step (although scholars will have to face many challenges and constraints)."