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Ditemukan 18012 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
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Tito Imanda
"There are two traditions in the anthropology of art: art as abstract cultural representation and art as expression or message of the artists to their audience. This article aims to balance these two traditions as alternative approach in the study of anthropology of art. Alternative approach is needed for most studies in the anthropology of art in Indonesia encounter difficulty to explain contemporary and traditional arts in the context of contemporary society. This alternative approach offers a view that art product is a synthesis of art production and history of political economy of the society. Marshall Sahlins (1976) suggests this approach which leads us to understand that culture is a symbolic order as also popularized by Louis Althusser. Hence, this article tries to understand symbolic order in the art product by discussing relevant theories in the anthropology of art."
2012
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Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Tito Imanda
"This article illustrates the process of reformulating Indonesian identities in the new "Si Unyil" program, decisions made, their background and consequences. The new Unyil appears for an ideal: parents miss an educational children television program. Production team seemed to believe that this ideal is not blocking their needs for profit. The question is 'who is the real audience?', 'Children or their parents?'. When reproduced, "Si Unyil" series is problematic. In one hand, the old Unyil is no longer fit the new television industry. Countryside setting is not interesting for the advertisement, so in the new series Unyil lives in a suburb area, place for middle class, the most potential market. Sarong and Malay's hat, wore by old Unyil, now are being replaced by unbuttoned shirt and backpack. The old Unyil played hide and seek and ate traditional cake, now Unyil plays videogame and eats ice cream. But this is an old legendary program for Indonesian children, how do they put the Indonesian context?"
2004
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Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Tito Imanda
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This paper illustrates the significance of underground comics in Indonesia in the absence of a national comics industry. Underground comics means that its selling is independent of common marketing channels, and the comics usually have non-conventional graphics and narrative style. The author focuses on the life and works of Athonk, an Indonesian independent comics' artist, bypasses conventional modes of marketing and strengthens the global network of independent comics' artists and fans through internet. Fed up with the absurdity of Indonesian cultural and political life, Athonk is consistently creating stories of contestation between the powerful and powerless with cynicism through his amusing characters and language. The author places Athonk in the context of Indonesia art history, and debate between 'high art' and 'low art' that dominates discussion of art in Indonesia. The situation discredits comics as a 'low art' form which makes it still very far from establishing its position. Ironically, public welcome his art and this motivates him to keep working. This article hopefully will give broader picture about Indonesian comics as a potential art form and expression in the future."
2002
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Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Siti Kiptiyah
"Tesis ini meneliti mengenai kebudayaan pesantren, manajemen dan perilaku santri yang berkenaan dengan kesehatan dalam konteks penciptaan dan pemeliharaan kondisi lingkungan yang bersih dan sehat di pesantren. Status kesehatan seseorang dipengaruhi oleh faktor keturunan, kualitas dan kuantitas sarana pelayanan kesehatan, perilaku hidup sehat seseorang atau masyarakat dan keadaan lingkungan hidupnya. Hal ini sebagaimana dikatakan Foster (1986) bahwa di samping faktor biologis, faktor-faktor sosial-psikologi dan faktor budaya sering memainkan peran dalam.mencetuskan penyakit Namun begitu lingkungan bukan satu-satunya faktor yang mempengaruhi kesehatan, tetapi memiliki arti penting karena sampai batas tertentu dapat dikendalikan terutama yang diakibatkan perilaku atau perbuatan manusia. Adapun kebijakan sosial dan ekonomi untuk mendapatkan makanan yang cukup, air yang sehat, atau yang membuat orang lalai bahwa peralatan-peralatan sanitasi yang tak sempurna, tradisi kebudayaan, lembaga ekonomi, sanitasi dan kebijakan lain yang mempengaruhi munculnya penyakit semuanya turut mempengaruhi kesehatan.
Pesantren sebagai salah satu elemen pendidikan juga menempatkan masalah tersebut dalam kurikulumnya, menyangkut di dalamnya kitab-kitab yang menjadi rujukan dan dipelajari serta dipergunakan di pesantren. Pesantren yang notabene merupakan lembaga pendidikan Islam tentu saja dalam praktek kesehariannya berdasarkan ajaran Islam pula. Secara universal Islampun juga mengangkat isu mengenai masalah kesehatan maupun kebersihan dan bahkan anjuran memakan makanan- minuman yang thoyyib yaitu makanan atau minuman yang bagus kualitas gizinya maupun halal cara memperolehnya. Dalam hal ini pula ada makanan yang secara tegas dilarang untuk dikonsumsi. Dalam Hadits (sumber hukum kedua setelah Alquran) dengan jelas juga dikatakan bahwa kebersihan merupakan sebagian dari iman, mukmin yang kuat lebih baik dan lebih disukai Allah daripada mukmin yang lemah dan juga menganjurkan untuk menjaga kebersihan dengan segala usaha yang dapat dilakukan.
Pesantren memang merupakan suatu komunitas tersendiri dimana semua rambu-rambu yang mengatur kegiatan dan batas-batas perbuatan, misalnya halal-haram, wajib-sunah, baik-buruk dan sebagainya dipulangkan kepada hukum agama, dan semua kegiatan dipandang dan dilaksanakan sebagai bagian dan ibadah keagamaan dengan kata lain semua kegiatan kehidupan selalu dipandang dalam struktur relevansinya dengan hukum agama. Salah satunya dalam hal kebersihan atau kesehatan. Banyak hal-hal yang dianggap bersih dan suci oleh pesantren, karena dibolehkan oleh hukum agama tetapi tidak bersih atau tidak sehat menurut konsepsi ilmu kesehatan. Sehingga cara pandang ini tentu sangat membedakan antara komunitas pesantren dengan masyarakat "diluar" pesantren.
Masyarakat pada umumnya memberikan batasan tentang kesehatan adalah batasan yang diangkat dari batasan kesehatan menurut Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) sebagaimana termaktub dalam Undang-undang Kesehatan No.23 Tahun 1992, yaitu keadaan sejahtera badan, jiwa, dan sosial yang memungkinkan setiap orang hidup produktif secara sosial dan ekonomi. Sehingga secara normatif dan sistematik meskipun pesantren telah memiliki kurikulum dan pengajaran sebagaimana tersebut diatas, namun pada kenyataannya masalah-masalah kesehatan terutama hubungan mata rantai yang telah menyebabkan munculnya penyakit dapat terjadi. Hal ini disebabkan adanya pemahaman yang berbeda antara pesantren dengan masyarakat "diluar" pesantren terutama yang berkaitan dengan masalah-masalah kesehatan. Masyarakat pesantren selalu mengembalikan pemahaman mereka kepada kaidah hukum Fiqh, sehingga mereka memiliki persepsi sendiri mengenai kebersihan lingkungannya terutama untuk sebagai sarana ibadah semata-mata kepada Allah SWT sehingga yang terpenting menurut pesantren adalah kesucian sarana tersebut, yaitu terbebas dari najis sehingga tidak menghalangi sahnya suatu ibadah. Hukum fiqh begitu menempati kedudukan yang dominan pada tata nilai dalam kehidupan di lingkungan pesantren. Sedangkan pengajaran mengenai fiqh ini sebagaian besar diperoleh pada kitab-kitab kuning. Kitab kuning merupakan kitab-kitab pengajaran Islam klasik, yang berbahasa Arab dan ditulis oleh para ulama abad pertengahan (7-13 Hijriah).Hal ini tentu turut menjadi pemicu terjadinya perbedaan pemahaman tentang kondisi pemeliharaan kebersihan dan kesehatan di pesantren dengan pemahaman masyarakat "diluar" pesantren. Demikian pula dengan kebudayaan pesantren dalam konteks ini yang merupakan keseluruhan pengetahuan yang dimiliki oleh komunitas pesantren dimana di dalamnya berisi perangkat-perangkat, model-model pengetahuan yang terwujud dalam perilaku, tindakan, nilai-nilai yang digunakan untuk memahami dan menginterpretasikan mengenai kesehatan lingkungan dan masalah-masalah kesehatan yang ditimbulkannya serta pengelolaan kebijakan-kebijakan pesantren yang terkait secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dengan kondisi kebersihan dan kesehatan lingkungan.
Disamping itu, terjadi kontradiksi (penafsiran/ pemahaman yang bertolak belakang) perilaku sehari-hari di pesantren dengan cara pandang masyarakat "diluar' pesantren mengenai kesehatan lingkungan hidup sehari-hari juga didukung oleh kurang memadainya fasilitas-fasilitas bangunan maupun tempat tinggal santri sehingga kurang mendukung terbentuknya kondisi lingkungan yang kondusif dan sehat serta nyaman untuk belajar. Kondisi ruangan, kamar mandi dan sarana sanitasi lainnya termasuk pengelolaan sampah dan sebagainya. Kondisi ini sangat mempengaruhi perilaku keseharian mereka terutama dalam upaya pemeliharaan sanitasi dan kesehatan lingkungan yang optimal."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia, 2005
T13779
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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"A medical system whether traditional or modern, is a long chain of processes of humanstrategy for adapting to their ecological bio-cultural environment. Naturally humans developtheir biological ability to sustain their kind and develop many adaptation strategies, creatingmedical systems, behavior, and belief sbased on culture as a natural response to the treat ofillness and disease, even though the result of certain behavior does not guarantee the healingof such illness and disease (Dunn in Foster-Anderson, 1986; p.41). under that circumstances,Minangkabau medical systems are seen as a result of a bio-eco-culturally adapting process.Local Etiology of the disease source is closely related to the logic of its healing. Cosmologicalviews influence public knowledge about the concepts of health, illness, disease, and healingmethods. The definition of health and illness is determined by culture, custom, or traditionand it is not always in agreement with the conditions defined by medical science."
[Place of publication not identified]: [Publisher not identified], 2014
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Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Andi Sumar Karman
"This aritcle discusses about the phenomenon of globalization involving two fishermencommunities, the Tomalou fishermen in Tidore islands and the Philipines fishermen. Bothof them sail and hunt in the same seawater zone, constructed and formed as a transborderterritory between Indonesia and the Philipines. The natural resources management systemthrough decentralization should ensure the exsistence of local fishermen (Tomalou) to gainmarine (fish) resources, secured by government without interference by the Philipine fishermen.The data in this paper has been analyzed with several transborder theories. As a result, thispaper shows that the state representated by the regional government has failed to protect thelocal fishermen (Tomalou) and ensure in continued presence in achiving welfare from the searesources."
2014
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Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Manan Abdul
"The khanduri of the tree blossom is performed in Jumadil Akhir (the sixth Islamic lunar month). The khanduri is held for fruit-bearing trees. It aim is tu ensure that the trees will bear fruit andtheir blossoms will not fade and fall onto the round prematurely, thatthey will not be attackedby pests so that they will contribute to the livelihood of human beings. This research is a fieldresearch and its data were obtained through meticulous observation and in depth interview withkey informants. The result of the research shows that it is the winds that cause the trees to blossom. The village people performed this ritual in order that the condition of fertility of fruit-bearing trees is safeguarded but the fertility is dependent upon much more important factorrs than just the willingess of the individual family to perform the ritual. The fertility of the tree is dependent upon collective village performance, dependent upon respecting jinn, dependent upon just leadership and dependent upon adat, particularly regarding probihition adn incest which are regarded as a major infringement on community life."
2013
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Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Arifin Zainal
"Minangkabau ethnic group known is very strictly implement custom of matrilineal. One of these values is male position (sumando) that marginal, because according to matrilineal custom, a man is urang asing (outsiders) in the group of women (wife families). This is expressed through the proverb bak abu diateh tunggua (like ashes on the stump). This position of course is not profitable, so that they have to negotiate with the women to strengthen ?the identity of maleness" of them. It shows the politics movement of Minangkaba?s men in an effort to show and strengthen their identity. This political identity of Minangkabau?s man will be understood identity politics Minangkabau men will be understood in the case of the existence of traditional institutions. The research assumption, in Minangkabau society that embraces and strengthens matrilineal custom (women custom) was found that traditional institutions more dominated by men. While traditional institutions for women does not stand out, impress hidden, and there is no variation than bundo kanduang (the main women). This article to described how men of Minangkabau through traditional institutions reinforce the position, while the bundo Kanduang?s position only limited powers in rumah gadang alone. Moreover, bundo Kanduang understood even without any power, because bundo kanduang just as the wife of penghulu (clan leaders)."
2013
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Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Prudensius, Maring
"This article analyze model of resistance between the local community and private company withinspired to perspective of power relation. Analysis based on the research about forest tenure by the local community and private company in Praha Village, Jambi. The research inspired qualitative approach with methods of indepth interview and participatory observation. The local community and private company constitute stakeholders that have interest on the forest resources. Complexity of the stakeholders?s interest were expressed through models of the social relation that were conflict, collaboration, and resistance. Dynamics of the social relation are reality of the power relation. Resistance are strategy of power relation with special features that each other stakeholders focus on the strategy to realize the each other goals and indirectly to fail the strategy of others."
2013
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Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Hendra
"Talking about tradition, it is kind of imagination of kinship in the past in an idealism positions in an orderly and harmonious level. Everyone respect each other and take position in the clan and their class respectively. The aims of this paper is to find out information about the institutions traditional role in the District Marawola to the conflict in the community. The research start with a literature study then continued with observation and interviews. This paper apply govern mentality theory that triggered by Michael Foucault. The results that found in this research that the traditional institutions began to lose its role, some of which are caused by the gap between the old and the young in the communities itself. Traditional institutions also lose their social legitimacy that seen from the shrinking role of traditional institutions, where traditional institutions only deal with traditional healing rituals, clearing land and harvesting rituals. Rules of traditional institutions such as law regulatory with sanctions are applied only in the form of oral speech in memory of the past in the absence of compliance with customary rules itself."
2013
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Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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