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"1998 was the year of Mandarin teaching resurrection in Indonesia after 30 years prohibited. Since then, many schools begin to teach Mandarin as an extracurricular subject. In the last two years it becomes an intracurricular subject. Since there was no Chinese school for almost 30 years, consequently there was no publication on Mandarin student's book, no Mandarin teachers. Nowadays, suddenly Mandarin teachers, student's book was highly needed. Many schools use Singapore/Taiwan's book. This rises problems, because Singapore/Taiwan's students language circumstance is different from Indonesian students. The result is far from what we expected. This article proposed some aids based on the need of Indonesian's student. Department of Education should set up a team consisting of Indonesian experts in Mandarin language teaching and Chinese linguistic to compile syllabus, student's book. It should base on Indonesian Language Politics and the need of Indonesian's student which differ from Chinese schools 30 years ago."

"ABSTRAKBahasa Mandarin memiliki pelengkap kata kerja dalam struktur kalimat. Salah satu pelengkap kata kerja tersebut yaitu pelengkap arah. Pelengkap arah ini biasa digunakan untuk memberi petunjuk arah terhadap suatu tindakan yang dilakukan oleh pelaku. Tindakan tersebut dinyatakan dalam sebuah kata kerja dan dilengkapi dengan kata petunjuk arah yang dinyatakan di dalam suatu kalimat. Makalah ini akan fokus pada cara memaparkan materi pelengkap arah dan metode pengajaran yang tepat untuk materi tersebut. Penulisan makalah ini bertujuan untuk menjabarkan struktur pelengkap arah berikut metode pengajaran yang melandasi pengajaran dan pelatihannya, serta menjabarkan sikap-sikap penting yang harus dilakukan oleh pengajar apabila para pembelajar masih belum memahami dengan jelas materi tersebut. Pengajaran di kelas diusulkan menggunakan rekaman suara, video, dan gambar untuk membantu pengajar menanggulangi kesulitan pemelajar dalam memahami materi pelengkap arah. Makalah ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan yakni buku, skripsi, kamus, jurnal internasional, dan artikel internet.

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ABSTRACTMandarin language has a verb complement in it rsquo s sentence structure. One of them is directional complement. It is usually used for giving directions on an action a person is about to commit. Such action is expressed on a verb, equipped with a certain directional word that is stated in the sentence. This paper focuses on how to explain the directional complement material, and how best to teach it. This paper aims to explain the structure of the directional complement, including it rsquo s methods that underlies it rsquo s teaching and training, as well as outlining the substantial attitudes that must be shown by the teachers if their students still doesn rsquo t fully understand the material. Teaching in class is suggested by using sound recordings, videos and also pictures to help teachers in dealing with the difficulties the students may encounter. This paper is conducted by using library research methods such as books, thesis, dictionary, international journals and internet articles."

"Kata wei dalam bahasa Mandarin merupakan kata yang berhomonimi, artinya katatersebut memiliki lebih dari satu fungsi dan makna yang tidak saling berhubungan. Perbedaan fungsi dan makna kata wei juga mempengaruhi perbedaan ton pada kata tersebut, satu dilafalkan dengan ton wei dan yang lainnya dengan ton wi. Perbedaanini seringkali menimbulkan kesulitan bagi pembelajar bahasa Mandarin. Pembelajar sulituntuk menentukan wei mana yang muncul dalam sebuah teks, apakah wei atau wi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sebuah penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mempermudah pembelajar membedakan antara wei atau wi berdasarkan ciri sintaktisnya. Untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari setiap kata wei dilakukan sebuah analisis sintaksis terhadapsekumpulan kalimat contoh yang mengandung kata 为, yakni dengan melihat unsur-unsurpendamping 为di depan maupun di belakangnya. Dengan cara demikian baru dapatditentukan 为mana yang diacu; apakah 为wéi atau 为wѐi. Sumber data diperoleh darikalimat-kalimat yang mengandung kata 为yang muncul pada buku ajar Hanyu Jiaocheng jilid 1-6 dan buku Hanyu Yuedu Jiaocheng jilid 1-3. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa 为 wéi merupakan preposisi yang memberikan keterangan bagi kalimat, sedangkan 为wéi merupakan verba yang menyatu dengan predikat. Hasil penelitian disajikan secara deskriptif kualitatif.The word 为(wei) in Mandarin is a monumental word, meaning that the word has more than one unrelated function and meaning. The difference in function and meaning of the word 为 also affects the difference in tone of the word, one is pronounced with 阳平(wei) tone and the other with 去声(w i). This difference often creates difficulties for Chinese learners. Learners find it difficult to determine which 为appears in a text, whether 为wei or 为w i. Therefore, we need a study that aims to facilitate students to distinguish between 为wei or 为w i based on syntactic characteristics. To find out the characteristics of each 为a syntactic analysis of a set of example sentences containing the word 为is carried out, by looking at the accompanying elements 为in front of and behind it. In this way it can only be determined which 为is referred to; whether 为wei or 为w i. The data source is obtained from sentences containing the word 为which appears in textbooks Hanyu Jiaocheng volumes 1-6 and Hanyu Yuedu Jiaocheng volumes 1-3. From the results of the study note that 为wei is a preposition that provides information for sentences, while 为wei is a verb that blends with the predicate. The results of the study are presented in a descriptive qualitative manner."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas mengenai bagaimana situasi dan kondisi pengajaran Bahasa Mandarin sebagai bahasa asing kedua dalam tingkat Sekolah Menengah Atas di Indonesia. Dalam penulisan ini, penulis melakukan studi kasus di SMA Negeri 78, Kemanggisan, Jakarta Barat. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan penulis, didapatkan hasil mengenai situasi juga kondisi pengajaran Bahasa Mandarin, peran guru, siswa, dan buku ajar dalam kegiatan kelas Bahasa Mandarin. Selain itu, penulis juga mendeskripsikan capaian pemelajaran Bahasa Mandarin di kelas XI, SMA Negeri 78. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian studi kasus yang terdiri dari penelitian lapangan dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan adanya kesesuaian metode pengajaran yang digunakan oleh pengajar dengan kurikulum sekolah dan strategi pengajaran di luar metode pengajaran yang digunakan oleh pengajar karena adanya perbedaan capaian kemampuan Bahasa Mandarin di setiap kelas Bahasa Mandarin.

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ABSTRACTThe focus of this study is to discuss about how the situation and condition of teaching Mandarin as second foreign language in senior high school level in Indonesia. In this thesis, the author conducted a case study at SMA Negeri 78, Kemanggisan, West Jakarta. From the results of research, obtained the results about the situation as well as conditions of teaching Mandarin, the role of teachers, students, and textbooks in the activities of Mandarin class. In addition, the author also describes the achievements of Mandarin learning in the class XI, SMA Negeri 78. This research uses case study research method consisting of field research and literature study. The results conclude that there is a suitability of teaching methods used by teachers with school curricula and teaching strategies beyond the teaching methods used by teacher due to differences in the achievement of Mandarin abilities in every Mandarin class. "