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"R.M. Noto Soeroto was one of the Indonesian writers who wrote in Dutch.His poems and essays in Dutch were well appreciated by both the Dutch andthe Indonesian society in the Netherlands. He published his works in Oedaya:Majalah bergambar untuk Indonesia, a magazine (1923-1931) that was founded byhim. His works can be categorized as Dutch-East Indies literature. Most of hisworks in Dutch were written when he lived in the Netherlands and describethe Javanese culture. This article is an analysis on three of Soeroto?s poems.These three poems present flowers as theme, two poems are from his anthologyMelatiknoppen: gedichten in proza (1915) and one poem from De geur van moedershaarwrong (1922). Flowers are most usually seen as a symbol for women, andthus represent the idea of femininity. However, the flowers in these three poemsrefer to the idea of masculinity. Jasmine is no longer a symbol limited to thefeminine gender. In Javanese culture, the jasmine flower attached to the hairis a symbol of femininity. The flower wrapped around the kris is a symbol ofmasculinity. Furthermore jasmine is a symbol for struggle. This article tries todemonstrate the presence of masculinity through the use of flowers and theirrole as an image of masculinity in Noto Soeroto?s poems."

"This article is a literary analysis on Aleksandra Mikhailovna Kollontai? Vasilisa Maligina (1923) by using a feminist approach. Issues on masculinity are the focus of the analysis. The main argument of this article is that through the main character of this story - Vasilisa Maligina - Kollontai tried to expose the new image of Russian women by reconstructing the concept of Russian traditional masculinity in Russian society under former Uni Soviet communist government based on patriarchal culture."

"Balian adalah istilah yang umum digunakan dalam budaya masyarakat Dayak untuk merujuk pada dua pengertian, yakni sebagai ritual adat yang biasanya ditujukan untuk mengusir penyakit atau sebagai bentuk syukur, dan balian sebagai pemangku ritual adat tersebut. Adalah novel Lampau karya Sandi Firly yang diterbitkan oleh GagasMedia pada 2013 yang menceritakan kisah tentang seorang anak Dayak Meratus dalam perjalanannya dalam mengejar mimpi. Novel tersebut mengangkat tradisi dan figur balian sebagai pemantik konflik para tokohnya yang kurang lebih menyoroti tentang terbatasnya pilihan hidup keturunan balian dan peran perempuan menjadi figur balian. Ditemukan rumusan masalah berupa gambaran representasi tokoh dan ritual balian yang terdapat di dalam novel ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori representasi dengan pendekatan sosiologi sastra dan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah penggambaran tentang tokoh utama novel Lampau yang pada akhirnya memilih untuk mengikuti jalannya tradisi walau tidak sesuai dengan apa yang ia yakini selama ini.

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Balian is a term that is frequently used in the culture of the Dayak people and has two meanings: it can refer to either the leader of a traditional rite or the ritual itself that is typically performed to banish disease and as a sign of gratitude. A novel titled Lampau by Sandi Firly, which was published by GagasMedia in 2013, tells the story about a Dayak Meratus youngster who attempts to pursue his dream. The depiction of balian as a ritual and a figure in this novel is used to raise the conflict, which circulated between the limitation of life a balian descendant should face and the role played by woman in the balian ritual. The representation of balian in the novel as a ritual and as a figure is the issue that is explored in this paper. This paper used qualitative research with a descriptive methodology combined with theory of representation in literary sociology approach. The paper’s concluded in the depiction of the main character who ultimately decides to follow the route of tradition even though it is not accordance to what he believes all this time."

"Dari adanya adaptasi budaya modern foto prewedding tentu akan memiliki kaitan dengan fenomena lain, terutama dari rangkaian acara pranikah yang sudah ada sebelumnya, seperti tradisi pingitan atau masa dipiare dalam adat kebudayaan masyarakat Betawi. Terdapat modifikasi pada masa piare demi melakukan foto prewedding yang dinilai memiliki nilai yang lebih substansial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat dampak munculnya tren foto prewedding di kalangan generasi milenial dan keterkaitannya dengan praktik masa piare dalam kebudayaan orang Betawi. Penelitian ini juga menggali lebih dalam tentang bagaimana masa piare masa kini direproduksi menjadi aktivitas yang tetap ada namun tidak dijadikan aktivitas wajib yang perlu dilakukan, karena adanya produksi budaya baru yang modern dan dinilai lebih substansial, yakni tren budaya foto prewedding. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan pendekatan teori subjectivity, practice, dan cultural value. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik piare saat ini dinilai tidak lagi relevan dengan perkembangan zaman. Ini karena di masa sekarang calon pengantin milenial harus melakukan beragam aktivitas pranikah seperti technical meeting dengan para vendor, fitting gaun, testing food, bridal shower, dan yang utama yaitu foto prewedding. Hal-hal tersebut dinilai lebih substansial sehingga menjadi alasan para calon pengantin milenial Betawi melakukan negosiasi pada pelaksanaan praktik masa piare dari sebulan menjadi hanya beberapa hari saja.

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From the adaptation of modern culture, prewedding photos are related to other phenomena, especially from a series of prewedding events, such as the tradition of the dipiare period among the Betawi people.There was a modification during the piare period due to the practice of prewedding photos which were considered to have substantial value. This study aims to examine the impact of the emergence of the prewedding photo trend among the millennial generation and its relation to the practice of piare in Betawi culture. This research also digs deeper into how the current piare period is reproduced into an activity that still exists but is not mandatory, due to the existence of a new, modern cultural production, known as the prewedding photo trend. In this research, the theory of subjectivity, practice, and cultural values is used. The results of the study show that the current practice of piare is considered no longer relevant to the times. This is because nowadays millennial brides-to-be have to carry out various prewedding activities such as technical meetings with vendors, dress fittings, food testing, bridal showers, and most importantly, prewedding photos. These things are considered to be more substantial, so they are the reason for Betawi millennial brides to negotiate the implementation of the piare period from a month to just a few days."

"Teaching Indonesian in formal schools today is regarded as a challenge by many Indonesian teachers. In a country like Indonesia, in which language situation is very complex due to many languages and dialects (and also the fast-growing English usage in big cities), this phenomenon can be understood. Since the country?s independence, there have been several curricula?one of them is Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi (competence-based curriculum), the newest being Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (Unit Level of Education-Based Curriculum). The latter seems to be regarded as the most ideal curriculum, because it can be adjusted to the regions? policy. The problems are that there are still Ujian Nasional (national examination) and that the ?readability? of the curriculum is still a big question for many teachers. This paper is focused on the elementary school teacher?s strategies on applying the curriculum. This paper also discusses the curriculum, some principles on language learning, and the emergence of literary matters."

"Ilmu Sosial dan Budaya Dasar (ISBD), menjadi salah satu basis ilmu pengetahuan sosial dan kebudayaan yang perlu dan harus diajarkan. Pengejewantahan dari masyarakat berbudaya tinggi dalam masyarakat Indonesia dengan memberikan pengetahuan dasar tentang nilai-nilai sosial dan kebudayaan, diharapkan bisa menjadi contoh dalam masyarakat umum untuk berperilaku berbasiskan kebudayaan masing-masing"

"Bima is a region that has been attracting researchers? attention, which should notbe surprising because it has always been a multicultural region. Its history reveals that Bimawas one of the sailing routes, especially of the Malay Muslim traders, sailing from the directionof East Java. Bima then became a center of the Islamic rule in the eastern Nusantara. Thispaper discusses a brief history of how Bima became a center of Islamic rule that was stronglyinfluenced by the Malays."

"This paper examines with a particular affixe (keter-/-an) consisting in two primaryaffixes. Through the analyse of terms coined by the Pusat Bahasa and spontaneousterms, the paper distinguishes between ?double? and ?complex? affixation,corresponding to different operating modes of affixation. The first deals withan already affixed and lexicalized word, then reaffixed and relexicalized. Thesecond, almost only found in documents produced by the Pusat Bahasa, refersto a base getting a first affix in a poorly (or not) lexicalized form, constitutingno more than a morphological stage towards the wished form, which is intentas lexicalized. Complex affix keter-R-an is basically a morphological calque andthe author argues that it has been promoted and used during New Order on anideological basis, as a mean to modernize Indonesian terminology by keepingits shape indigenous rather than by direct borrowing of English terms."