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"AbstractThe world has experienced many developments of each economic model. The interesting thing is that, the worldwide economic development tend to be a linear development. If we see on the past, e.g. several centuries ago, the economy in the world is all on the pure form of trading. Every area, with its own communities, has different natural resources and their own made-craft. Because of the difference in the community and natural resources each area has, it results on the commodity differentiation. It can not be denied that as the time goes by, human?s needs will also develop not only in the sense of housing, clothes, and food needs but it is beyond those needs. The needs for other things and the eminence of each area of its natural resources are the factors which are finally emerging the need of exchange by inter-individuals on each area and to other areas. This is what we called as trading, in advance. By the existence of this kind of trading and the certainty of place and system, these result on the existence of what we call now as market. In the modernity context, what is explained as market here is a traditional market. The question is the existence of traditional market still relevant in the daily economic model, in which nowadays we are not in the peak time of traditional market anymore? Trading model which has capital source and orientation is being the focus of today's economy."

"There are several factors influencing the financial system stability, namely the internal and the external factors. The occurrence of stock price volatility internationally, the contagion effects and the spillover effects are some external factors that have effect on the financial system stability. This research aims to know the dynamic relationship of regional and global stocks market in international financial system, and then do the analysis of the occurrence of contagion effects and spillover effects on stock price, and see their influence on domestic economics, monetary policy and financial system stability, by GARCH-VAR model.The results of this research indicate that there are some domination of the mature financial market to regional and domestic market. Moreover, the nearby regional stock price index also have a big contribution to the movement of other regional stock price market. The impact of stock price volatility to the IDR exchange rates volatility is relatively small, but not to the price level which is significantly large. Data analysis shows that there is contagion effects in stock market, but the spillover effect from stock price volatility to exchange rates volatility does not occur."

"World Trade Organization (WTO) adalah kepanjangan dari GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade), dan mulai berdiri 1 Januari 1995. Karena itu semua tujuan, prinsip perdagangan dunia dan hasil-hasil perundingan Putaran-Putaran perdagangan di bawah GATT, di mana yang terakhir adalah Putaran Uruguay, menjadi bagian dan mengikat bagi WTO. Namun WTO adalah badan yang sama sekali berbeda dengan GATT. Dalam GATT dahulu tidak ada negara anggota, tetapi negara peserta adalah contacting party dari GATT, dalam arti bahwa suatu negara peserta hanya terikat dengan peraturan-peraturan tertentu saja yang ditanda-tanganinya dan tidak terikat dengan semua peraturan yang ada dalam GATT. Sementara dalam WTO, semua negara peserta adalah anggota dan semua kesepakatan yang ada dalam WTO tanpa kecuali mengikat bagi semua anggota dan ada sanksi hukumnya (legally binding) bila terjadi pelanggaran. Kedudukan hukum WTO jauh Iebih kuat, karena selain ditanda-tangani oleh Menteri Perdagangan masing-masing negara peserta, isi kesepakatan Putaran Uruguay dan pendirian WTO jugs harus diratifikasi oleh parlemen negara anggota masing-masing, artinya diperkuat oleh persetujuan wakil-wakil rakyat. Demikianpun, DPR Indonesia telah memberikan persetujuannya pada tanggal 2 November 1994. "

"This research develops Industrial Performance Index and shows annual performance index among industries through all and each indicator from 2004 to 2007. There are three criteria and 19 indicators, (1) output (value added, wage, firm), (2) production factor (labor, capital, and technological progress), (3) production cost (labor and capital productivity, material and energy efficiency). The result shows the best performance industry, (1) in 2007 is transportation industry excluded four or more wheel vehicle, (2) in 2006 is recycling industry, (3) in 2005 is machinery and office equipment industry, (4) in 2004 is food and beverage industry.

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Studi ini membangun indeks kinerja industri relatif subsektor industri per-indikator dan subsektor industri unggulan pada periode tertentu. Ada tiga ukuran dan sembilan belas indikator yang dipilih yaitu, output (nilai tambah, upah, jumlah perusahaan), faktor produksi (tenaga kerja, barang modal, dan kemajuan teknologi), dan biaya produksi (produktivitas tenaga kerja dan barang modal, efisiensi penggunaan material dan energi). Hasil perhitungan memperlihatkan subsektor industri unggulan pada tahun: (i) 2007 adalah industri alat angkutan, selain kendaraan bermotor roda empat atau lebih, (ii) 2006 adalah industri daur ulang, (iii) 2005 adalah industri mesin dan peralatan kantor, akuntansi dan pengolahan data, dan (iv) 2004 adalah industri makanan dan minuman."

"Makalah ini mengevaluasi perbedaan antara rata-rata pendidikan minimal yang dibutuhkan oleh suatu jenis pekerjaan dan pendidikan pekerja yang bekerja di jenis pekerjaan tersebut. Overeducation terjadi apabila pendidikan pekerja di jenis pekerjaan tertentu lebih tinggi dari yang dibutuhkan oleh jenis pekerjaan tersebut. Dengan menggunakan sample pekerja W1, sektor formal dari data Sakernas 1996, 1999, dan 2002, hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa persentase pekerja cenderung meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Hasil estimasi juga menunjukkan dampak pendidikan meningkatkan penghasilan dan pekerja overeducated berpengaruh signifikan pada penghasilan pekerja meskipun telah dikontrol oleh usia, jenis kelamin, jam kerja serta karakteristik individu lainnya."

"Global economic crisis has substantial impacts on organizations and families; consequently, many people become confused and many organizations collapse. Organizations and families discuss the issue and brainstorm to find some solutions to survive from this crisis. This paper explains the role of family and organization in finding solution to survive from this unfavorable situation. Organizations should be optimistic, analytic, and creative. They are encouraged to increase incomes but to decrease loans. Families can overcome the problem by having good financial planning, investing with good knowledge of self-risk profit and the characteristic of investment product."

"The study examines saving behavior in ASEAN 5+3 namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, Japan, Cina, and Korea during 1991-2007 and its implication toward global imbalances. By using fixed effect panel data regression, this research shows that government spending, interest rate and inflation, financial development through private domestic credit and stock market capitalization along with the 1997 Asian crisis significantly affect the saving behavior. As a result, a macroeconomic stability through interest rate and inflation, the reinforcement of financial development and crisis anticipation policy are required to support global rebalancing through global saving redistribution.

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Studi ini membahas perilaku tabungan negara-negara ASEAN 5+3, yaitu Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura, Thailand, Filipina, Jepang, Cina, dan Korea, dan implikasinya terhadap ketidakseimbangan global. Dengan menggunakan regresi data panel fixed effect, kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa indikator skal belanja pemerintah, indikator makroekonomi suku bunga dan inflasi, indikator perkembangan berupa finansial kredit domestik swasta dan kapitalisasi pasar saham serta krisis Asia 1997 secara signifikan memengaruhi perilaku tabungan. Implikasinya adalah stabilitas makroekonomi melalui inflasi dan suku bunga serta pengembangan pasar finansial dan kebijakan antisipasi krisis diperlukan untuk mendorong penyeimbangan global kembali melalui redistribusi tabungan dunia."

"Issues on the importance of multi - storey housing building appear as a solving on some of the urban problematic mainly in sttlement issue. Some of societies considered that multi - storey housing able to solve parts of the problem..."