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"Mengapa Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) sering ditetapkan setelah awal tahunanggaran yang baru? Apakah karena faktor politis? Studi ini ingin mengetengahkan perspektif ekonomipolitik divided government sebagai salah satu faktor penyebab buruknya kinerja penetapan APBD. Denganmenggunakan model persamaan regresi logit diperoleh hasil bahwa formasi pemerintahan dari PemiluLegislatif 2004 dan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah langsung tahun 2005, 2006, serta 2007 berupa single minorityparty, minority coalition, majority coalition, dan single majority party memengaruhi keterlambatanpenetapan APBD sepanjang tahun 2008{2009."

"Mengapa Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) sering ditetapkansetelah awal tahun anggaran yang baru? Apakah karena faktor politis? Penelitianini ingin mengetengahkan perspektif ekonomi politik divided government sebagaisalah satu faktor penyebab buruknya kinerja penetapan APBD. Hasil PemiluLegislatif 2004 dan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Langsung tahun 2005, 2006 dan2007 menunjukkan sangat sedikit membentuk pemerintahan yang mayoritas.Akibatnya, persaingan kepentingan antara eksekutif dan legislatif didugamengemuka sehingga pembahasan APBD tahun anggaran 2008 dan 2009terancam berlarut-larut.Dengan menggunakan model persamaan regresi logit diperoleh hasil bahwaformasi pemerintahan berupa single minority party, minority coalition, majoritycoalition, dan single majority party mempengaruhi keterlambatan penetapanAPBD sepanjang tahun 2008-2009. Semakin kuat dukungan partai eksekutif diparlemen semakin cepat penetapan APBD-nya. Namun demikian seberapa lamadelay penetapan APBD yang terjadi tidak dipengaruhi oleh 4 formasipemerintahan tersebut yang ditunjukkan melalui estimasi model data panel.Hasil ini juga menjelaskan bahwa sebelum batas waktu keterlambatan ? 1 Januaritahun fiskal baru ? ketegangan eksekutif-legislatif dipengaruhi oleh 4 formasipemerintahan daerah dan besarnya total belanja APBD. Setelah pemerintahandaerah tersebut gagal memenuhi ketepatan waktu penetapan APBD sebelum bataswaktu, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi lamanya penetapan APBD antara lainadalah besarnya total belanja APBD, dan kepemilikan sumber daya alam.Sedangkan besarnya nilai gaji dan tunjangan anggota DPRD ternyatamempercepat penetapan APBD. Secara umum, hal ini selaras dengan hasilpenelitian sebelumnya yang memperlihatkan bahwa perilaku indisipliner aktorpolitik anggaran seperti memaksimalkan anggaran, konflik kepentingan, dan rentseeking atas common pool resources berupa anggaran daerah diindikasikan cukuprelevan dengan berlarutnya pembahasan APBD.

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AbstractWhy is APBD (Regional Budget) often made after the beginning of the year for anew budget? Is it because of political factor? The research would like to highlightthe economic and political perspectives of divided government as one of thefactors of the bad performance of the Regional Budget (APBD). The results of theGeneral Election for the Legislatives 2004 and the Direct Local Elections of theyears 2005, 2006, and 2007 show very few form the majority of the government.Consequently, the interest competition between the executives and the legislativesis assumed to appear so that the discussion of APBD of the years 2008 and 2009is threatened to be delayed.By using logit regression equation model, a result obtained shows thatgovernment formations, such as single minority party, minority coalition, majoritycoalition, and single majority party, influence the Regional Budget delay of theyear 2008-2009. The stronger the support of the executive party in the parliament,the faster the making of the APBD is. However, the duration of the APBD delayoccuring is not influenced by the 4 government formations shown through thepanel data model estimation.The result also explains that before the time limit of the delay ? January 1 of thenew fiscal year - the executive-legislative tense is influenced by 4 regionalgovernment formations and the total amount of APBD expenditure. After theregion fails to fulfill the punctuation of the making of APBD before the time limit,the factors influencing the duration of the making of APBD are, among others, thetotal amount of APBD expenditure and the possession of natural resources. Onthe other hand, the amount of the salary and benefits of the members of DPRD(Regional House of Representatives) turn out to accelerate the making of APBD.Generally, this result is suitable with the previous reseach results showing thatindiscipline behaviour of the budget political actors, such as maximazing thebudget, conflict of interest, and rent seeking on common pool resources in a formof regional budget, is indicated to be sufficiently relevant with the APBDdiscussion delay."

"In the Indonesia democracy, the multiparty system is used as one of the canal to aggregate the public aspirations. This mechanism is supported by Law No. 25/1999 about fiscal decentralization and a series of related regulations. It is also supported by direct election for regional head (Pilkada). As such, the winning political parties may influence the local government budget allocation which finally transform into the economic growth.This study estimates the influence of party politic concentration on the local economic growth. The data used is the local government election of 2004 and 2009 from 55 regions (cities). The concentration of political power in regional legislatives is measured by using Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI). The results of analysis confirm that the more concentrated political power in the regional legislative results lower economic growth.

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Dalam dinamika demokrasi Indonesia, mekanisme multipartai merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengatur aspirasi. Mekanisme ini didukung Undang-Undang No. 25 Tahun 1999 mengenai desentralisasi fiskal dan dinamika perubahannya. Pemilihan Kepala Daerah (Pilkada) langsung pun turut mendukung mekanisme demokrasi di daerah. Partai politik pemenang pilkada akan memengaruhi pola alokasi anggaran daerah yang akhirnya bisa berdampak pada efektivitas pengeluaran pemerintah.Studi ini mengestimasi seberapa besar pengaruh konsentrasi partai di daerah terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di daerah. Analisis menggunakan data 55 kabupaten/kota tahun 2004 dan 2009. Konsentrasi partai politik di dalam parlemen di daerah diukur dari proporsi anggota dewan dari masing-masing partai politik menggunakan Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI). Data tahun 2004 dan 2009 mengonfirmasi bahwa semakin terkonsentrasinya anggota dewan pada satu partai politik tertentu, maka semakin rendah pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah tersebut."

"Over the last decade of Indonesia's fiscal decentralization era, the amount of intergovernmental fiscal transfers has increased substantially. The increase of intergovernmental fiscal transfers is expected to reduce the burden of local economy without sacrificing the quality of public service. This study aims to investigate whether the block grant transfer affect the spending behavior of local government. Using Pool Least Square method and taking East Kalimantan Province as case study, this study found the existance of flypaper effect. This finding emphasize the view of any increase in block grant of transfer will only induce higher spending. Therefore, in order to achieve the independency of local government as the objective of decentralization, some efforts should be taken to minimize the impact of flypaper effect."

"AbstractEconomic and political systems might have a great share in determining the speed of the economic growth in an economy. Majority of the researchs in the past relied on physical input accumulation in determining economic growth, without taking into account the contribution of institutional characteristics. This research is aimed to test the hypothesis that economic freedom and political system affect the economic growth. Using panel data method (pooled least square approach) in eight ASEAN countries during the period of 1997-2007 and based on a framework of Solow economic growth model, it is showed that the more free and efficient economy leads to faster economic growth, and political democracy can otherwise hinder economic growth. Economy can grow higher if public policies are directed to the creation of: a stable monetary conditions, a more efficient in intermediation of financial markets, appropriate public budget policy, straightforward and efficient regulations, corruption eradication, as well as lower taxes. Nevertheless the index of investment freedom and property rights are far away from the behaviors of existing theories and hypothesis, so further research is needed."

"AbstractThis study aims to determine the relationship between local government spending, agricultural productivity, and poverty in Indonesia for the period of 2005-2008. Using econometric models of the panel and panelsimultaneous, this study find the evidence that local government spending on infrastructure and education significantly affect agricultural productivity and poverty. The study also found that the value of multiplier effect of local government spending on poverty, roads is the largest, followed by education (the literacy rate) and irrigation."

"This study aims to explain the effect of socio-demographic variables i.e. sex, wage, employment status, and marital status on commuting in Jabodetabek. The result of binary logistic regression using Sakernas 2012 shows that male are more likely to commute than female. Male in formal sector have the highest probability to commute while by marital status, unmarried male have the highest probability to commute. The level of wage is positively related with the probability to commute although at certain level of wage, an increase in wage increases probability to commute among male lower than probability to commute among female.

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Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh variabel sosio-demografis yaitu jenis kelamin, upah, status kerja, dan status kawin terhadap peluang mobilitas ulang-alik di Jabodetabek. Hasil regresi logit biner menggunakan data Sakernas 2012 menunjukkan bahwa laki-laki lebih cenderung untuk ulang-alik dibandingkan dengan perempuan. Peluang ulang-alik paling tinggi menurut status kerja adalah pada pekerja laki-laki di sektor formal dan menurut status kawin adalah pada pekerja laki-laki belum kawin. Ditemukan hubungan positif antara kenaikan tingkat upah dengan ulang-alik walaupun pada tingkat tertentu, kenaikan peluang ulang-alik untuk laki-laki akibat kenaikan tingkat upah lebih kecil dibandingkan kenaikan peluang ulang-alik untuk perempuan."

"Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menganalisis pengaruh implemntasi sistem keuangan daerah dan aktivitas pengendalian terhadap akuntabilitas keuangan. MEtode yang dipergunakan ialah metode survey eksplanatori. MEtode analisis yang digunakan ialah analisis jalur. Hasil yang ada menunjukkan bahwa implementasi sistem keuangan daerah dan aktivitas pengendalian memberikan pengaruh simultan yang positif dan siginifikan yaitu mencapai 55,20% terhadap akuntabilitas keuangan. Hasil kedua menunjukkan bahwa implementasi sistem keuangan daerah memberikan pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan mencapai 20,05% atas akuntabilitas keuangan. Hasil yang ketiga menunjukkan implementasi aktivitas pengendalian memberikan pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan mencapai 35,15% atas akuntabilitas keuangan."

"From January 1, 2001, when new autonomy laws were implemented, lndonesia began to move toward decentralization of what had been a highly decentralized. This policy adopts two complimentary laws. Law No.22/1999, which basically the devolution policy, has been accompanied by La No.25/1999, which basically reflect that decentralization policy in Indonesia has adopted the concept of ?money follows function?.Law No.25/1999 describe the fiscal decentralization process that will create a new intergovernmental transfer scheme between the central government and local government. Some of items in the law were really new ones such as the natural resources revenue sharing, income tax sharing, general allocation fund (OAF) and specifics allocation fund (SAF). The policies oftax and natural resource revenue sharing can result in fiscal imbalance among regions. Tax and natural resources revenue sharing will benefit only to urbanized and natural resources rich regions Because of it, Central Government created General Allocation Funds. This fund has block grant characteristic and will be given to regions by fiscal gap conception. The purpose is to equalize fiscal capacity among regions that in turn also can reduce disparity among them.The Simultaneous Macro Econometric Model is made for analyzing the fiscal decentralization impact to economic growth and region disparity. The policy simulation in this model used transfer fund from central government such as Tax Revenue Sharing, Natural Resource Revenue Sharing and General Allocation Fund. The simulation is carried out to see the optimality of various possible existing policies. The optimality is measured by evaluating the high rate of economic growth and low disparity."

"The main purpose of this research is to investigate the factors influencing the labor supply on the non-agricultural activities and the of income from non-agricultural activities to the structure and distribution of farmer household income.To reach the goals, three models are developed. The first and second models are labor supply models of husband and wife, respectively. For both models, the dependent variables are labor supplies proxied by work-hours of non-agricultural activities per year. While the independent variables for both models are area of land used, wage level in non-agricultural, age, number of household member with age above and below 5 years, number of working household members, and location of the household. The third model is a model with contribution of non-agricultural income as its dependent variable, while its independent variable is area of land used. The data source for this research istaken from a primary survey, while the secondary data gathered BPS in Gunung Kidul.The study shows that husband labor supply on non-agricultural activities is affected by the area of land used, wage level, education level, number of household members, and household location. But, education level and number of working household members are not giving significant influence to husband labor supply on non agricultural sectors. Furthermore, wife labor supply is influenced by the area of land used, wage level, age, education level, number of household members with age below 5 years, and household location. In the contrary, number of household members of age over 5 years and number of working household members aren 't seem to have significant effect on wife labor supply model on non agricultural activities."