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"Known as pantun to the Malays in Brunei, Malaysia, Pattani, Riau, Singapore, and Southern Phillipines, it is called peparikan to the Javanese, sesindiran to the Sundanese and many other different names in different ethnic groups in the different parts of the Indo-Malay world, which is made up of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Pattani in southern Thailand, and Mindanao in the southern Philippines. In almost every settlement that sprang up along the major rivers and tributaries in the Indo-Malay world, the pantun blend well with their natural and cultural surroundings. In this article, the geographical extent of the pantun family in the Indo-Malay world is likened to a mighty river that has a complex network of tributaries all over the Indo-Malay world. Within the Indo-Malay world, it is the movement of the peoples help the spread of pantun from one area to the other and makes it an art form of immensely rich and intricate as can be seen from the examples given."

"Onya Darat is a language spoken, with great dialectal variation, in the interiorof western Borneo. It is the southernmost member of Land Dayak, a branchof the Austronesian language family. This article reports on the developmentof a writing system for Onya Darat. In addition to five vowels and 19 simpleconsonants, Onya Darat also exhibits three series of complex oral-nasalsegments: prenasalized oral stops, preoralized nasals, and postoralized nasals.An analysis of the Onya Darat sound system reveals that of these three seriesonly postoralized nasals are distinctive and therefore need to be representedin the writing system. The proposed orthography, developed with the aid ofnative speakers, represents all and only the phonemes of Onya Darat withoutresorting to diacritics or special characters."

"Land is a society?s potent symbol of wealth, social power, and culture. A long time ago, when extensive jungles and forests still abounded, there were probably no serious conflicts over land ownership. Groups were free to roam about and to open up land to extend their farming area in accordance to their needs. Groups in society marked the land they had cultivated to proclaim their ownership. These marks could be very simple and could simply be a tree, a big stone, or a piece of iron hammered into the soil, or they used the physical condition of the land itself such as rivers, lakes, hills etcetera as borders to distinguish their land from that of others. Minangkabau traditional society never recorded these borders in writing on paper, leaves, or stones or any other means as many peoples in other parts of the world do. Rather, they deemed it sufficient to use natural symbols to demarcate the important agreements they had made between them orally."

"The article discusses Malay oral traditions and emphasizes the shamanistic aspects of these traditions. Shamans often recite mantras in the execution of their role in society. The role of the shaman, their self proclaimed knowledge, shamans and their economic activities, black magic and healthcare in Malay society are discussed, as well as the shaman?s role in Dayak ritual. Each aspect is discussed in combination with the mantra the shaman utters."

"As a means of communicating thoughts, gamelan performances affect the way audiences construct their worldview. More than that, listeners in villages believe that performances can affect people?s behaviour. Performances may be deeply influential in the creation of fundamental social values such as in-group integrity, feelings of unity and peace in the community. All this demonstrates that in villages, arts are not autonomous entities; people value the arts as an integral domain with other social activities."

"Due to the emergence of what in Indonesian is called industri rekaman daerah ?Indonesian regional recording industries?, which has developed significantly since the 1980s, many regional recording companies have been established in Indonesia. As a consequence, more and more aspects of Indonesian regional culture have appeared in commercial recordings. Nowadays commercial cassettes and Video Compact Discs (VCDs) of regional pop and oral literature genres from different ethnic groups are being produced and distributed in provincial and regency towns, even those situated far from the Indonesian capital of Jakarta. Considering the extensive mediation and commodification of ethnic cultures in Indonesia, this paper investigates the impact of the rise of a regional recording industry on Minangkabau oral literature in West Sumatra. Focussing on recordings of some Minangkabau traditional verbal art genres on commercial cassettes and VCDs by West Sumatran recording companies, this paper attempts to examine the way in which Minangkabau traditional verbal art performers have engaged with electronic communication, and how this shapes technological and commercial conditions for ethnic art and performance in one modernizing society in regional Indonesia."

"Dari adanya adaptasi budaya modern foto prewedding tentu akan memiliki kaitan dengan fenomena lain, terutama dari rangkaian acara pranikah yang sudah ada sebelumnya, seperti tradisi pingitan atau masa dipiare dalam adat kebudayaan masyarakat Betawi. Terdapat modifikasi pada masa piare demi melakukan foto prewedding yang dinilai memiliki nilai yang lebih substansial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat dampak munculnya tren foto prewedding di kalangan generasi milenial dan keterkaitannya dengan praktik masa piare dalam kebudayaan orang Betawi. Penelitian ini juga menggali lebih dalam tentang bagaimana masa piare masa kini direproduksi menjadi aktivitas yang tetap ada namun tidak dijadikan aktivitas wajib yang perlu dilakukan, karena adanya produksi budaya baru yang modern dan dinilai lebih substansial, yakni tren budaya foto prewedding. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan pendekatan teori subjectivity, practice, dan cultural value. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik piare saat ini dinilai tidak lagi relevan dengan perkembangan zaman. Ini karena di masa sekarang calon pengantin milenial harus melakukan beragam aktivitas pranikah seperti technical meeting dengan para vendor, fitting gaun, testing food, bridal shower, dan yang utama yaitu foto prewedding. Hal-hal tersebut dinilai lebih substansial sehingga menjadi alasan para calon pengantin milenial Betawi melakukan negosiasi pada pelaksanaan praktik masa piare dari sebulan menjadi hanya beberapa hari saja.

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From the adaptation of modern culture, prewedding photos are related to other phenomena, especially from a series of prewedding events, such as the tradition of the dipiare period among the Betawi people.There was a modification during the piare period due to the practice of prewedding photos which were considered to have substantial value. This study aims to examine the impact of the emergence of the prewedding photo trend among the millennial generation and its relation to the practice of piare in Betawi culture. This research also digs deeper into how the current piare period is reproduced into an activity that still exists but is not mandatory, due to the existence of a new, modern cultural production, known as the prewedding photo trend. In this research, the theory of subjectivity, practice, and cultural values is used. The results of the study show that the current practice of piare is considered no longer relevant to the times. This is because nowadays millennial brides-to-be have to carry out various prewedding activities such as technical meetings with vendors, dress fittings, food testing, bridal showers, and most importantly, prewedding photos. These things are considered to be more substantial, so they are the reason for Betawi millennial brides to negotiate the implementation of the piare period from a month to just a few days."

"Panggung Bangsawan is a popular folk theatre in Riau Lingga. The ups and downs in its performance are atributed to changes in social, political, and cultural conditions. This article is a reconstruction of a near extinct Panggung Bangsawan group in the Teluk village in the islands of Riau Lingga. First, I have attempted to describe the staging process; second, to endeavour to understand the phenomenon of change which occurs when a folk tale is transformed from written work into a performance; and third, to expose the transformation of a script (text) divided into scenes into a performance. This is an attempt to explain the relation between the audience?s response to a text when it is staged. This article is expected to give a more profound understanding on how the society supporting Panggung Bangsawan remember their past and their ideal views while comprehending how the shift in life values emerges in a staged folk tale."

"By deconstructing a text as proposed by Derrida, the text can reveals its meanings. To do this, re-reading a text is neded. For this purpose, the study attempts to understand the meanings behind Rendra's Surat Cinta and Surat kepada Bunda by discussing the use of metaphors. Both poems are read, re-read and discussed to get their meanings. It is argued that the re-readings show opposite meanings as understood in the first readings. Power, sex, and love are among the issues explored in the two poems. Furthermore, the metaphors reflect what sort of person the "I" is. "

"Bushido is most often translated as the way of the warrior caste in Japan. Bushirefers to warriors in feudal Japan while do means several things including: the correct way,the path, or the road. Another interpretation of Bushido could be the way of preserving peacethrough the use of force. Bushido comes out of Buddhism, Confucianism, and Shintoism. Thecombination of these schools of thought and religions has formed the code of warrior valuesknown as Bushido. A key to our understanding of how the concepts of Bushido fit into Japanesemodern lives is to understand the historical and societal aspects of Bushido. Today, this meaningcan be modernized to include minimizing violent conflict. The code of Bushido, the Samurai'scode of honor, upholds loyalty, discipline, total dedication, honor and valor, and numerousexamples of these elements can be witnessed today or in recent history."