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"Pendanaan kesehatan merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalammemengaruhi derajat kesehatan, termasuk salah satu masalah gizi padabalita yang disebut gizi buruk. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuanmendeskripsikan pendapatan daerah dan pembiayaan kesehatan serta ko-relasinya dengan gizi buruk pada balita di tingkat kabupaten/kota diIndonesia tahun 2007. Penelitian ini merupakan studi ekologi/korelasi. Datapendapatan daerah dan pembiayaan kesehatan didapat dari KementerianKeuangan, sedangkan data gizi buruk menggunakan data Riset KesehatanNasional tahun 2007. Sebanyak 250 kabupaten/kota yang diteliti dengantidak mengikutsertakan kabupaten/kota yang datanya tidak lengkap atautidak valid. Secara nasional, hanya persentase pendapatan asli daerah(PAD) per total pendapatan yang berkorelasi dengan gizi buruk, meskipunkorelasinya lemah (r = 0,22). Berdasarkan kawasan di Indonesia, KawasanIndonesia Barat dan Kawasan Indonesia Timur menunjukkan persentasePAD per total pendapatan berkorelasi lemah dengan gizi buruk (r = 0,20 danr = 0,53). Terlihat kecenderungan bahwa semakin tinggi persentase pen-dapatan daerah dan pembiayaan kesehatan, semakin rendah persentasegizi buruknya. Korelasi antara pendapatan daerah, pembiayaan kesehatandan masalah status gizi tidak dapat diabaikan. Data yang lebih lengkap danvalid diperlukan untuk dikembangkan penelitian selanjutnya.Health financing is one of the factors which contribute important role in in-fluencing health status, including nutritional problem among children underfive, called severely wasted. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describedistricts income and health financing and examine it correlations with theprevalence of severely wasted among children under 5 years at regen-cies/municipalities level in Indonesia in 2007. This research was an eco-logical study. Data on revenue and health financing were obtained fromMinistry of Finance, and severely wasted data were obtained from theIndonesian Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2007. There are 250 re-gencies/municipalities were being objects of this research, while the otherswere excluded due to incomplete/missing or invalid data. Result shows na-tionally, only the percentage of local revenue by total district income had cor-relation with severely wasted, although it is weak (r = 0,22). By regions, inthe Western Region Indonesia and the Eastern Region Indonesia, thosevariable had weak correlation with severely wasted (r = 0,20 and r = 0,53).The graphics trend shows higher percentage of local revenue and health fi-nancing, related to lower number of the prevalence of severely wasted. Thecorrelation between district income and health financing for poor nutritionalstatus cannot be ruled out. More valid and complete data on district incomeand health financing is needed for further research."

"Malnutrisi pada balita masih merupakan permasalahan di Indonesia termasukdi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan indikator berat badanmenurut tinggi badan, 2,6% balita mengalami malnutrisi akut berat. Padabeberapa dekade terakhir, telah terjadi pergeseran paradigma dalampenanganan balita malnutrisi, yang sebelumnya berbasis pendekatan fasilitaskesehatan bergeser menjadi pendekatan berbasis komunitas. Tujuanpenelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh program home care terhadappeningkatan status gizi balita malnutrisi pada anak usia 6-60 bulan.Penelitian menggunakan desain kuasi eksperimen dengan pretest danposttest control group melalui tiga tahap pendampingan yaitu intensif,mandiri, dan penguatan dengan pendekatan asuhan keperawatan. Sampeladalah 56 balita malnutrisi akut di dua wilayah, yaitu 33 balita di KotaYogyakarta (eksperimen) dan 23 balita di Kabupaten Sleman (kontrol) denganteknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling. Intervensi homecare diberikan selama tiga 3 bulan (Januari sampai Maret 2013). Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan setelah program home care, terjadi peningkatanyang signifikan pada status gizi balita (p < 0,05). Pada akhir intervensi, terjadipenurunan kejadian malnutrisi akut berat dari 100% menjadi 56,7% (p< 0,05).Children undernutrition is still an issue in Indonesia, including in the SpecialRegion of Yogyakarta. Based on weight for height indicator, 2.6% childrenexperience severe acute malnutrition. In the last few decades, there hasbeen a paradigm shift in the management of acute malnutrition from a facility-based to community-centered approach. The purpose of this studywas to analyze the effect of home care intervention on the improvement ofnutritional status of severe acute malnutrition children aged 6-60 months.This study was designed with quasi-experimental and pretest-posttest controlgroup design, conducted in three phases; intensive, strengthening andindependent with nursing approach (January until March 2013). Sampleswere 56 children with severe and moderate acute malnutrition for both studysites, 33 children in Yogyakarta city (experiment) and 23 children in Slemandistrict (control), selected using purposive sampling. Home care interventionis given for three months (January until March 2014). Results findings showthere were significant increase in nutritional status (p < 0.05) after homecare intervention. At end line evaluation, the proportion of severe acutemalnutrition in the experimental groups reduced significantly from 100% to56,7% (p < 0.05)."

"Nutritional status and morbidity are the causes of children under five child mortality in Indonesia ...."

"Naturally old [people are undergoing physical,biological,mental and social decline and having much illness. ...."

"Schizophernia disorder is a servere mental disorder that is expected having a great relapsing risk. ...."

"Penelitian terdahulu menyebutkan bahwa ibu melahirkan secara sectio cae-sarea cenderung lebih lambat melakukan inisiasi menyusu dini dan mem-punyai prevalensi lebih rendah dalam praktik ASI ekslusif dibanding Ibumelahirkan pervaginam. Ibu post sectio caesarea juga tidak memulaimenyusui bayinya pada hari pertama melahirkan. Tujuan penelitian iniadalah mengetahui faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya praktik inisiasiASI pada Ibu post sectio caesarea termasuk peran tenaga kesehatan di se-buah rumah sakit di Surabaya. Sebanyak 72 ibu yang melahirkan secarasectio caesarea selama bulan Juni 2012 telah menandatangani informedconsent, diobservasi sejak masuk rumah sakit sampai akhir hari ke-2 postsectio caesarea, dan diwawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan semua ibu sudah mempunyai pengetahuan yangbaik tentang ASI, 26,4% di antaranya sudah mempunyai pengalaman se-belumnya dalam memberikan ASI, tetapi hanya 6,9% dan total 29,2% yangmulai memberikan ASI pada hari pertama dan kedua pasca sectio cae-sarea. Dukungan tenaga kesehatan dalam hal membantu proses pember-ian ASI dilaporkan masih rendah. Uji korelasi mendapatkan bahwa dukun-gan tenaga kesehatan dan kondisi rawat gabung adalah faktor yangberhubungan dengan praktik pemberian ASI (p value 0,39; p = 0,001; phivalue = 0,47; p = 0,001). Rendahnya pemberian ASI ibu pasca sectio cae-sarea berkorelasi dengan rendahnya dukungan tenaga kesehatan dan pe-nundaan rawat gabung.Previous studies showed that breastfeeding initiation was late in babiesborn with sectio caesarea compared to those with vaginal delivery andprevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practice was low in the former group.There was no breastfeeding initiation in the first day of post sectio caesarea.The objective of this study was to define factors correlated to low breast-Rendahnya Praktik Menyusui pada Ibu Post SectioCaesarea dan Dukungan Tenaga Kesehatan di RumahSakitThe Low Practices of Breastfeeding for Sectio Caesarea Women and HealthWorkers Support in HospitalDwi Retno Wulandari, Linda Dewantifeeding practice initiation on post sectio caesarea mother, including the roleof health workers in a hospital in Surabaya. 72 post sectio caesarea moth-ers were observed and interviewed on 1-30 June 2012 to find the factorscorrelated with breastfeeding practice. The results showed that although allthe mothers already had a good knowledge about breastfeeding, and 26.4%of them had previous experience in breastfeeding, only 6.9% and 29.2% oftotal breastfeeding is started on the first and second post sectio caesarearespectively. Support for breastfeeding practice from health workers waslow, and there were significant correlation between the support and room-ing conditions with breastfeeding practices (p = 0.001). We concluded thatlow level of breastfeeding practice on mother with sectio caesarea correlat-ed with low support of health professional and with the delay of room-inpractice."

"Pekerja seks perempuan (PSP) merupakan kelompok yang termarjinalkan secara sosial dan memiliki kerentanan yang tinggi terhadap masalah kesehatan. Upaya perluasan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) pada PSP masih terbatas sehingga penting dilakukan untuk mendukung pencapaian universal health coverage. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai akses JKN pada PSP di Denpasar. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 15 orang PSP dan empat orang mucikari di Denpasar pada Agustus hingga Oktober 2014. Hasil wawancara diolah dengan analisis tematik. Kerangka analisis yang digunakan adalah The Health Access Livelihood Framework. Kepemilikan JKN pada PSP di Denpasar masih rendah, meskipun sebagian PSP memiliki kemauan untuk menjadi peserta JKN dan memiliki kemampuan membayar iuran JKN. Faktor penghambat akses JKN pada PSP adalah rendahnya pengetahuan mengenai prosedur pendaftaran dan portabilitas JKN, kekhawatiran keberlanjutan pembayaran iuran, persepsi buruk mengenai kualitas layanan yang akan diterima jika menggunakan JKN, ketidaklengkapan administrasi kependudukan serta kebijakan yang mengharuskan peserta bukan penerima bantuan iuran (Non-PBI) Mandiri untuk mendaftarkan seluruh anggota keluarga. Akses JKN pada PSP terhambat oleh faktor-faktor individual, layanan dan kebijakan yang perlu diatasi untuk meningkatkan cakupan JKN pada PSP.

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Female sex workers (FSW) is marginalized social group having a high vulnerability of health problems. Effort to expand national health insurance on FSW is still limited, so it is necessarily performed in order to support the achievement of universal health coverage. This study aimed to obtain the depiction of the insurance access among FSW in Denpasar. This study was qualitative. Data was collected through in-depth interview of 15 FSW and four pimps in Denpasar on August - October 2014. The interview result was analyzed using thematic analysis. The analysis framework used was The Health Access Livelihood Framework. The insurance ownership among FSW in Denpasar was low, even though some FSW were willing to be participants and afford to pay the premium. Factors inhibiting the insurance access were the lack of knowledge regarding registration procedures and portability, fear of premium payment sustainability, negative perceptions regarding quality of services that would be received if using the insurance, incomplete population administration and policy requiring participants of independent non-premium support receiver to register all of their family members. The insurance access among FSW was hindered by individual, service and policy factors that need to be conquered to increase the insurance coverage among FSW."