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""While most of the focus in "omics" science over the past decade has been on sequencing the human genome [1] or annotating the human proteome [2], there is another equally important component of the human body that has, until recently, been largely overlooked: the human metabolome. The human metabolome can be thought of as the complete collection of small molecule metabolites found in our bodies. These small molecules include such chemical entities as peptides, amino acids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, organic acids, vitamins, minerals, food additives, drugs and just about any other chemical (with a molecular weight 1500 Da) that can be used, ingested or synthesized by humans. Metabolites act as the bricks and mortar of our cells. They serve as the building blocks for all of our macromolecules including proteins, RNA, DNA, carbohydrates, membranes and all other biopolymers that give our cells their structure and integrity. Metabolites also act as the fuel for all cellular processes, the buffers to help tolerate environmental insults and the messengers for most intra- and intercellular events. Together with the genome and the proteome, the human metabolome essentially defines who and what we are."-- Provided by publisher"

"Amfetamin atau di Indonesia banyak dikenal sebagai zat yang menjadi bahan campuran shabu ini masuk ke dalam kelas substansi sintetis yang bekerja pada susunan saraf pusat SSP . Amfetamin memiliki efek psikologikal yang luas sehingga biasa digunakan sebagai pengobatan terapi. Oleh karena efek menyenangkan dan menyebabkan tidak mengantuk, sehingga amfetamin sering disalahgunakan. Pembuktian penyalahgunaan ini memerlukan analisis amfetamin dalam matriks biologis. Sehingga, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh metode analisis amfetamin dalam dried blood spot DBS menggunakan kromatografi gas-spektrometri massa KG-SM yang optimum dan tervalidasi. Pemisahan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Kromatografi Gas-Spektrometri Massa dengan Kolom Kapiler DB-5 MS 30 m x 0,25 mm; 0,25 mm ; fase gerak gas Helium; laju alir 0,8 mL/menit; deteksi massa pada nilai 44,00 dan 91,00 untuk amfetamin serta 58,00 dan 77,00 untuk efedrin HCl sebagai baku dalam. Preparasi sampel yang optimum adalah dengan menotolkan 20 mL darah utuh yang telah ditambahkan analit 100 ng/mL pada kertas DBS dan dikeringkan selama 3 jam. Sampel diekstraksi menggunakan metanol 500 mL dan disonikasi selama 20 menit, bagian larutan metanol dipindahkan ke dalam vial yang ditambahkan 10 mL 0,25 HCl dalam metanol dan diuapkan dibawah aliran gas nitrogen. Residu direkonstitusi dengan etil asetat sebanyak 50 mL. Hasil validasi terhadap metode analisis amfetamin yang dilakukan memenuhi persyaratan validasi berdasarkan EMEA Bioanalytical Method Validation Guidelinetahun 2011. Metode yang diperoleh linear pada rentang konsentrasi 4,00 ndash; 60,00 ng/mL dengan r > 0,999.

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Amphetamine or in Indonesia known as a compound of shabu is a synthetic substance that work on the central nervous system CNS . Amphetamines have extensive physchological effects so commonly used as therapeutic treatments. Because the effects of amphetamine are euphoria and alertness, so amphetamines are often misused. This proof of abuse requires the analysis of amphetamine in biological matrix. Thus, this study aim to obtain the method of amphetamine analysis in dried blood spots using an optimum and validated gas chromatography mass spectrometry GC MS . Separation was performed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry with DB 5 MS Capillary Column 30 m x 0.25 mm 0.25 m Helium as a gas phase 0.8 mL min flow rate mass detection at values of m z 44.00 and 91.00 for amphetamines and m z 58.00 and 77.00 for ephedrine HCl as an internal standard. Optimized sample preparation was performed by 20 mL of blood were pipetted onto the center of DBS cards, then dried for 3 hours. the extraction was performed by adding 500 mL of methanol and then the sample was sonicated for 20 minutes, the methanolic solution was transferred into the vial containing 10 mL of 0,25 HCl in methanol and evaporated under a gentle stream of nitrogen, then the residue was reconstituted with 50 mL of ethyl acetate solution. The validation result of amphetamine analysis method fulfilled the validation requirement based on EMEA Bioanalytical Method Validation Guideline of 2011. The obtained method of linear in the concentration range 4.00 ndash 60.00 ng mL with r 0.999. "

"Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Sindrom Metabolik pada Masyarakat di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Cimanuk dan Saketi, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten Tahun 2017 Analisis Lanjut Deteksi Dini Penyakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Tahun 2017 rdquo; Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pekerjaan, riwayat penyakit tidak menular dalam keluarga, Perilaku merokok, konsumsi buah dan sayur, aktivitas fisik, stress, dan Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan sindrom metabolik pada masyarakat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cimanuk dan Saketi, Kabupaten pandeglang, Banten tahun 2017. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan desain Cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret-Juni 2017 dengan menggunakan data dari deteksi dini Program Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Kementerian Kesehatan RI tahun 2017 dengan sampel sebanyak 359 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebesar 38,2 masyarakat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cimanuk dan Saketi, Kabupaten Pandenglang, Banten mengalami sindrom metabolik. Uji chi-square menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan secara statistik antara umur p value=0,001 , pendidikan p value=0,023 , pekerjaan p value=0,041 , dan Indeks Massa Tubuh p value=0,001 terhadap sindrom metabolik. Sedangkan melalui uji multivariat didapatkan variabel yang paling berpengaruh adalah indeks massa tubuh POR=0,334 . Melalui penelitian ini dapat memberikan informasi terutama masyarakat di Kecamatan Cimanuk dan Saketi, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten agar dapat menjaga kesehatan melalui pola hidup sehat, serta ikut serta dalam kegiatan Posbindu maupun Penyuluhan yang dilakukan oleh penyedia layanan kesehatan terkait.

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Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Communities of Cimanuk and Saketi Health Center Working Area, Pandeglang Regency, Banten 2017 Advanced Analysis of Early Detection of Heart Disease and Blood Vessels Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia 2017 This thesis aims to know the related factors age, sex, education, occupation, history of non communicable diseases in the family, smoking behavior, consumption of fruits and vegetables, physical activity, stress, and body mass index with metabolic syndrome in the community in the working area of puskesmas cimanuk and saketi, pandeglang district, banten in 2017. This study is analytical descriptive using cross sectional design. The study was conducted from March to June 2017 using data from the early detection of the program of prevention and control of heart and vein disease the Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia in 2017 with a sample of 359 samples. The results showed that 38.2 of people in the working area of cimanuk and saketi health center, pandenglang district, banten had metabolic syndrome. Chi square test showed a statistically significant correlation between age p value 0.001 , education p value 0.023 , occupation p value 0.041 , and body mass index p value 0.001 against metabolic syndrome. While through multivariate test, the most influential variable is body mass index POR 0,334 . Through this research can provide information, especially the community in district cimanuk and saketi, pandeglang regency, banten in order to maintain health through healthy lifestyles, and participate in activities Posbindu and counseling conducted by health related providers. "

"Latar Belakang: Komplikasi kardiovaskular yang disebabkan oleh disfungsi endotel menjadi salah satu penyebab mortalitas yang cukup tinggi pada pasien Artritis Reumatoid AR. Faktor Reumatoid RF merupakan autoantibodi yang sering dijumpai pada AR dan diduga dapat meningkatkan respon inflamasi dan disfungsi endotel. Sindroma metabolik dapat pula meningkatkan disfungsi endotel. Belum ada studi yang menilai korelasi RF dengan disfungsi endotel pada pasien AR tanpa sindroma metabolik.Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi antara kadar RF dengan kadar VCAM-1 pada pasien AR tanpa sindroma metabolik.Metode: Penelitian desain potong lintang terhadap pasien AR dewasa yang berobat di Poliklinik Reumatologi RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo tanpa sindroma metabolik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan sejak Februari hingga Maret 2018 dari data penelitian sebelumnya yang diambil periode Februari 2016 hingga September 2017. Kadar RF dan VCAM-1 dinilai melalui pemeriksaan serum darah dengan metode ELISA. Analisis korelasi antar kedua variabel dibuat dengan SPSS 20,0.Hasil: Sebanyak 46 subjek diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini. Sebagian besar 95,7 subjek adalah perempuan dengan rerata usia 44,43 tahun, median lama sakit 36 bulan, dan sebagian besar memiliki derajat aktivitas sedang 52,2. sebagian besar pasien memiliki RF positif 63. Korelasi antara kadar RF dengan kadar VCAM-1 memiliki kekuatan korelasi yang lemah tetapi tidak bermakna secara statistik r = 0,264; p = 0,076 . Subjek dengan RF positif memiliki kadar VCAM-1 yang lebih tinggi 626,89 vs 540,96 ng/mL. Simpulan: Belum terdapat korelasi antara RF dengan VCAM-1 pada pasien Artritis Reumatoid tanpa sindroma metabolik.

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Background: Cardiovascular complications caused by endothelial dysfunction become one of the highest causes of mortality in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis RA . Rheumatoid Factor RF is an autoantibody that is commonly found in RA and is thought to increase the inflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction. Metabolic syndrome may also increase endothelial dysfunction. There have been no studies assessing correlation between RF and endothelial dysfunction in RA patients without metabolic syndrome.Aim: To determine the correlation between RF levels with VCAM-1 levels in RA patients without metabolic syndrome.Method: Cross sectional design study of adult AR patients treated in Rheumatology Polyclinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital without metabolic syndrome. Data collection was conducted from February to March 2018 from the previous research data taken from February 2016 to September 2017. The levels of RF and VCAM-1 were assessed through blood serum testing using the ELISA method. Correlation analysis between the two variables was made with SPSS 20.0 for windows version.Results: A total of 46 subjects were included in the study. Most 95.7 subjects were women with an average age of 44.43 years, median duration of 36 months, and most had moderate activity 52.2. Most patients had a positive RF 63. The correlation between RF levels and VCAM-1 levels had a weak correlation strength but was not statistically significant r = 0.264; p = 0.076. Subjects with RF positive had higher VCAM-1 levels 626.89 vs 540.96 ng/mL.Conclusion: We did not found correlation between RF and VCAM-1 in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients without metabolic syndrome."

"ABSTRAKTesis ini meneliti tentang pengembangan strategi promosi kesehatan dalam upaya pengendalian faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskular di kalangan jemaat Gereja HKBP Pasar Rebo. Faktor risiko yang diteliti adalah tekanan darah, kolesterol, gula darah dan asam urat. Variabel lain yang diteliti pada penelitian ini adalah variabel perilaku dan karakteristik individu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode gabungan, yaitu metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Hasil analisis menyatakan bahwa mayoritas responden memiliki tekanan darah, kadar kolesterol, dan kadar asam urat tinggi. Sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan baik, sikap yang positif, praktik kurang baik, dan keterpaparan informasi cukup. Strategi promosi kesehatan yang direkomendasikan meliputi: 1 pengembangan kebijakan kesehatan masyarakat di Gereja HKBP Pasar Rebo, 2 peningkatan pemahaman dan kemampuan Pendeta, Sintua dan Pengurus gereja sebagai role model bagi anggota jemaat untuk berperilaku sehat, 3 peningkatan kemampuan anggota jemaat dalam merencanakan dan melakukan kegiatan yang berwawasan kesehatan masyarakat, 4 peningkatan kompetensi kesehatan masyarakat pada anggota jemaat dalam berperilaku sehat, 5 peningkatan kemampuan Pendeta, Sintua dan pengurus gereja dalam menyusun kegiatan promotif preventif dalam pelayanan klinik, dan 6 bergerak menuju pelayanan kesehatan bidang Diakonia yang lebih baik di masa depan.Kata kunci: promosi kesehatan, organisasi keagamaan, adat batak, faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskular

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ABSTRACTThis thesis focuses on developing health promotion strategies to control risk factors of cardiovascular disease among the congregation of HKBP Pasar Rebo Church. The risk factors studied are blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar and uric acid level. Other variables studied are behavior and congregation rsquo s characteristics. Quantitative and qualitative methods are used in this study with cross sectional design. Result shows that most of the participants have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, high blood sugar level, and high uric acid level. Many of the participants already have good knowledge, positive attitude, bad practice, and receive enough information. Health promotion strategies that can be applied are 1 developing public health policy at HKBP Pasar Rebo Church, 2 enhancing understanding and ability of Pastors, Sintua and church administrators to be role models for church congregation to have healthy behavior, 3 building capacity of church congregation to plan and conduct community health minded activities, 4 enhancing public health competence of church congregation to have healthy behavior, 5 enhancing the ability of Pastors, Sintua, and church administrators to prepare preventive promotive activites in health services clinic , and 6 moving towards better health service of Diaconian ministry in the future.Keywords health promotion, faith based organization, batak custom, risk factors of cardiovascular disease"

"Summary:Covers Information Systems Development Context, the Systems Development Lifecycle, Themes of Systems Development, Techniques, Methodologies, Tools and Toolsets and Issues and Frameworks. This title analyzes context, issues and real-world problems associated with information systems developmen"

"Indonesia memiliki keanekaragaman lebah terbesar di seluruh Asia, dimana hingga tahun 2018 tercatat terdapat 46 spesies lebah tanpa sengat (stingless bee) yang ditemukan di Indonesia. Profil kimia dari propolis sangat bervariasi tergantung pada sumber vegetasi dan asal geografisnya, hal ini menimbulkan kesulitan untuk standarisasi. Oleh karena itu tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan gambaran standarisasi yang dilihat dari rentang kandungan fenolik dan flavonoid totalnya, profil kimia, klasterisasi, dan senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai marker pada propolis Indonesia menggunakan pendekatan metabolomik dengan instrumen KCKUT-SM/SM. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 19 sampel dari wilayah Sumatera, Jawa, Kalimantan, Nusa Tenggara Barat, dan Sulawesi. Hasil analisis KCKUT-SM/SM kemudian dikombinasikan dengan analisis statistik multivariat Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan  terdapat perbedaan profil kimia dari sampel propolis Indonesia, dimana jumlah dan jenis senyawa yang terdeteksi bervariasi antar sampel, tidak terdapat pengelompokkan tertentu pada sampel propolis Indonesia dikarenakan banyaknya variasi kandungan kimia dari seluruh sampel propolis yang digunakan, dan ditemukan 3 senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai penciri, yaitu Choline, DL-Stachydrine, dan Betaine. Standar kandungan fenolik dan flavonoid propolis Indonesia berada pada rentang 7,06+ 2,77 mg GAE/g hingga 120,32+ 13,61 mg GAE/g dan 1,34 + 0,01 mg QE/g hingga 36,45 + 3,55 mg QE/g.

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Indonesia has the largest distribution of bees in all of Asia, until 2018 there were 46 species of stingless bees found in Indonesia. The chemical profile of propolis varies greatly depending on its vegetative source and geographic origin, making the standardization difficult. Therefore the aim of this study was to find a standardization seen from the range of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, chemical profiles, clusterization, and compounds that have the potential as markers in Indonesian propolis using a metabolomics approach with the UHPLC-MS/MS instrument. The study was conducted on 19 samples from Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, West Nusa Tenggara and Sulawesi. The results of the UHPLC-MS/MS analysis were then combined with the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) multivariate statistical analysis. The results of this study indicated that there were differences in the chemical profile of the Indonesian propolis samples, where the number and types of compounds detected varied between samples, there were no specific groupings in the Indonesian propolis samples due to the large variation in chemical content of all the propolis samples used, and found 3 different compounds potential as markers, namely Choline, DL-Stachydrine, and Betaine. The standards for Indonesian propolis phenolic and flavonoid content ranges from 7,06 + 2,77 mg GAE/g to 120,32 + 13,61 mg GAE/g and 1,34 + 0,01 mg QE/g up to 36,45 + 3,55 mg QE/g."