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"The present article departs from the inherent problems of grasping the voice ofthe subaltern other in a colonial context. While postcolonial theoreticians haveoccasionally spoken pessimistically about the possibilities of reconstructing theagency of dominated categories of non-Westerners, recent research on earlySoutheast Asia has on the contrary envisaged new lines of inquiry throughan ingenious use of the extant sources, preferably through interdisciplinarycommunication. But can we use the colonial archive in order to highlight socialhistory in non-literate societies such as those of eastern Indonesia where thecolonial texts do not resonate with the indigenous ones? This article scrutinizesmaterials from the VOC (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie) post in Kupang(1653-1800) in order to find data usable for such a history. It is argued thatletters, reports, legal minutes, diaries, etcetera. have a good potential due to theregularity and minute detail of the record."

"Teaching Indonesian for Foreign Learners or Indonesian as a Foreign Language (IFL) is different from teaching Indonesian as a first language. The differences are due to the characteristics of the learners. IFL learners generally are adults who have language and cultural background and learning style different from those Indonesian learners have. These differences demand IFL teachers and instructors to prepare teaching-learning materials and the activities of the teaching-learning process in the classroom that are relevant to the learners? needs. Understanding the entry level behavior of the learners, the teaching materials, the teaching-learning approach, and the evalution process is of crucial importance in order to fulfill their needs. Learning needs analysis of IFL learners is also a prerequisite to developing adequate teaching-learning materials of IFL."

"ABSTRACTLanguage Attitude Towards Indonesian New Words among College People in Jakarta. This study is focused on language attitude towards Indonesian new words among college people in Jakarta with respect to the acceptability of the new words. The data were collected by means of questioner as primary instrument and interview as secondary instrument. This research aims at describing language attitude among college people and the degree of acceptability of new words.To achieve the aims, this research makes use two approaches: sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics approaches. The sociolinguistics approach--in this case language planning--is used in this research because this study is concerned with corpus planning that is the corpus of the Indonesian language. Corpus planning is part of language planning which deals with the development of language code in order to make language capable of being effectively and efficiently used to express various modem concepts. The psycholinguistics approach is used in this research because this study is concerned with language speakers' attitude, the field of social psychology.This study reveals that college people in Jakarta tend to have a positive attitude towards Indonesian new words and its development. This attitude can be seen not only in its cognitive components, but also in its affective and cognitive component. This study also shows that this language attitude is highly correlated with the acceptability of Indonesian new words although the acceptability of Indonesian new words is also determined by the characteristics of the new words, i.e. clarity of meanings, economy of word forms, beauty of sounds, and usefulness. The characteristics of the new words are found to have correlation with the acceptability of new words. But the social variables, i.e. gender, job, education, age, and the first language of the respondents do not seem to contribute to the attitude towards, and acceptability of the new words."

"Skripsi ini membahas latar belakang lahirnya Manifes Kebudayaan dan ide-ide yang terdapat di dalam naskah Manifes Kebudayaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis dan kepustakaan dengan pendekatan sosiologi sastra dan historis. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Manifes Kebudayaan lahir sebagai reaksi atas Lekra. Ide-ide yang diusung dalam naskah Manifes Kebudayaan yaitu menolak adanya subordinasi bidang kebudayaan, menolak semboyan 'politik di atas estetika' dan 'estetika di atas politik', menolak semboyan 'tujuan menghalalkan cara' serta menerima paham humanisme universal.

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This thesis tells about the background of the birth of the Manifes Kebudayaan and the ideas in its script. The method which is used in this research are analytical description and bibiliography with sociological literature and historical approach. The result of this research concludes that the Manifes Kebudayaan born as the reaction of Lekra. The ideas carried in the Manifes Kebudayaan's script are rejecting the existence of subordinate in culture, rejecting the slogan 'politic on aesthetic' and 'aesthetic on politic', rejecting the slogan 'the end justifies the means', and approving the universal humanism."