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"Cloud propagation over Sumatra and the surrounding area (10S-10N, 70-120E) during the Coupling Processes inthe Equatorial Atmosphere-I (CPEA-I) campaign (10 April to 9 May 2004) was tracked using brightness temperature(Tb) data from the GOES-9 satellite. The cloud tracking was based on three-dimensional data with a threshold of Tb <210 K. During the campaign, westward-moving clouds were more dominant than eastward-moving systems, with a ratioof approximately 4:1. This characteristic coincided with the dominant easterly wind aloft. Most clouds propagated witha speed varying between 4 and 35 m/s, with a mean value of 13.7 m/s. If the westward and eastward propagations wereseparated, the average duration, speed, and span of the westward (eastward) moving clouds are 7.7 (5.8 h), -14.5 (9.8m/s), and 435.5 (187.1 km), respectively. The characteristics of cloud propagation during the CPEA-I were influencedby environmental factors such as relative humidity, temperature, the vertical movement of air, and wind shear. Suchfactors interacted with the inactive and active phases of the Madden-Julian Oscillation.Statistik Pergerakan Awan di Sumatera Selama CPEA-I. Karakteristik awan konvektif di Sumatera dan daerahsekitarnya (10LS-10LU, 70-120BT) selama proyek Coupling Processes in the Equatorial Atmosphere-I (CPEA-I)dari 10 April hingga 9 Mei 2004 telah diteliti menggunakan data brightness temperature (Tb) dari satelit GOES-9.Metode pelacakan pergerakan awan memanfaatkan data Tb tiga dimensi dengan nilai ambang <210 K. Secara umumpergerakan awan ke arah barat lebih banyak dari pada pergerakan ke timur, dengan perbandingan 4:1. Hal ini konsistendengan dominannya angin yang berhembus ke barat pada atmosfir atas. Sebagian besar awan bergerak dalam rentangkecepatan 4?35 m/s dengan kecepatan rata-rata 13,7 m/s. Pergerakan ke barat secara berturut-turut memiliki rata-rataumur, kecepatan, dan jarak penjalaran sekitar 7,7 jam, -14,5 m/s, dan 435,5 km sedangkan untuk awan yang ke timursecara berturut-turut adalah 5,8 jam, 9,8 m/s, dan 187,1 km. Hasil analisis menunjukkan pergerakan awan selamaCPEA-I dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti: kelembaban, temperatur, pergerakan udara ke atas, dan pergerakanangin yang berinteraksi dengan fase tidak aktif dan aktif osilasi Madden-Julian yang terjadi selama CPEA-I."

"The electromagnetic wave propagation in the mobile communication environments can be predicted by using ray tracing approach which incorporates reflection and diffraction. However, the ddiffuse scatering effects are often non-negligible in the experiment, since the roughness of the building surfaces is comparable with or larger than wavelength.In this paper we present Method of Moments (MOM) analysis of the scattering from the 2D rough surface model of the building. The fluctuation of the field strength due to the change of the specular reflection point on the surface has been evaluated by statistical properties (the cumulative distribution and the autocorrelation). The effects of the incident angle and frequency are also studied."

"Lidar (light detection and ranging) adalah sebuah aplikasi remote sensing yang panting untuk meneliti parikel-partikel aerosol dan awan di atmoslir. Data sinyal lidar dari Micro Pulse Lidar (MPL) telah diteliti untuk daerah tropis_ Dalam penelitian ini, sifat-sifat fisis dari aerosol dam awan telah dianalisis untuk hamburan tunggal, selanjutnya analisis hamburan ganda dilakukan simulasi dengan menggunakan metoda Monte Carlo. Simulasi sinyal hamburan tunggal untuk memprediksi saturasi ketebalan optis maksimum. Telah diteliti bahwa saturasi ketebalan optis dari sinyal lidar bergantung pada variasi koelisien pelemahan (extinction coeliicient). Hasil simulasi ini dibandingkan dengan perhitungan ketebalan optis dari data Iidar. Data MPL (pada panjang gelombang 523 nm) telah dihitung, baik untuk siang maupun malam han. Selanjutnya data sky-radiometer (panjang gelombang 500 nm) digunakan sebagai data retbrensi. 1-Iasil perhitungan diperoleh kctebalan optis maksimum pada 2,6 untuk malam hari, dan 2,25 pada siang hari untuk tanggal 31 Oktober 1997_ Sedangkan ketebalan optis maksimum untuk sky-radiometer adalah 1,7 untuk waktu yang sama pada 31 Oktober 1997. Selanjunya untuk lidar rasio telah dihitung pada daerah Iapisan dasar (boundary layer) dan pada awan cim1s_ Nilai lidar rasio (81) pada lapisan dasar telah diperoleh antara 31 sampai 40 sr pada ketinggian sckitar 2 km. Selanjutnya untuk penelitian daerah citrus telah digunakan sebuah metoda baru dalam perhitungan nilai lidar rasio. Hasil perhitungan menuniukkan bahwa nilai iidar rasio (Sl) untuk awan cirrus sekitar 10 sampai I8 sr. Penelitian ini juga dibandingkan dengan metoda iterasi, dan membedkan basil perhitungan yang sesuai. Pada hamburan ganda dilakukan simulasi dengan menggunakan metoda Monte Carlo. Efek hamburan gt-mda dianalisis dengan menghitung rasio hamburan ganda terhadap hamburan tunggal (MSS ratio) pada berbagai \'3.I'i6Si sudut Field-of-View (FOV) dad teleskop. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa awan Iapisan pertama dan kedua dapat diamati pada FOV lebih besar dari 1 mrad. Sedangkan awan yang berlapis dua belum bisa terdeteksi untuk FOV kurang dari 0,1 mrad. Kata kunciz Hamburan Iunggql, hamburan ganda, ketebalan optis, koefsien pelemahan, dan lidar rasio.

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The lidar remote sensing is one important application to observe the aerosol and cloud of the atmosphere. The micro pulse lidar (MPL) return signals are studied in the tropical area. In this investigation, the single scattering is analyzed the physical properties of aerosol and cloud, and multiple scattering is simulated by.Monte Carlo method. The signal simulation of single scattering predicts the maximum optical thickness by saturation. It was observed that the saturation of optical thickness from the lidar signal depends on the variation of extinction coefficient. This simulation is compared to the optical thickness estimation Hom the lidar data. The MPL data (at wavelength of 523 nm) was determined at night and daytime. And the slcy-radiometer (at wavelength 500 nm) is used as a reference data. The maximum lidar optical thickness was 2.6 at nighttime, and the daytime was 2.25 on October 31, 1997. Then, the maximum optical depth of sky-radiomcter data was 1.7 at the same time on October 31, 1997. Furthermore, the estimation of lidar ratio was determined at boundary layer and at cirrus cloud. The Si value of aerosol at boundary layer was observed in ranging of 31 to 40 sr at about 2 kin high. This research observed a new method to estimate the lidar ratio at cimrs cloud. It was estimated of S; parameter about 10 to 18 sr of citrus cloud. This result is also compared with iterative method, and the result shown the reasonable estimation. . The multiple scattering is simulated by Monte Carlo method. The eli`ect of multiple scattering is analyzed by multiple-scattering-to-single-scattering (MSS) ratio for various values of field-of-view (FOV) angles ofthe detection telescope. The simulation showed the first and second layers of cloud for FOV of larger then I mrad. However, the double-layers of cloud can?t be detected for FOV of less then 0.l mrad. Keywords: Single scattering, multiple scattering optical thickness, extinction coefficient, and lidar ratio."

"The field of radio communications continues to change rapidly and the second edition of this outstanding book, based on a popular IEE Vacation School, has been fully updated to reflect the latest developments. The introduction of new services and the proliferation of mobile communications have produced a growing need for wider bandwidths and the consequent need for frequency reuse. This book introduces the basic concepts and mechanisms of radiowave propagation engineering in both the troposphere and ionosphere, and includes greater emphasis on the needs of digital technologies and new kinds of radio systems. The content reflects the wide experience of an exceptional group of authors and the emphasis throughout is on modelling and prediction methods and the relevant ITU Radiocommunication sector recommendations. Propagation of Radiowaves, 2nd Edition is essential reading for professionals involved in planning, designing and operating radio systems."

"Penelitian ini membahas mengenai strategi komunikasi di media sosial oleh restoran pada masa pandemi Covid-19 untuk mengetahui e-WOM pada restoran yang berbentuk cloud kitchen. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitiannya adalah penggunaan influencer berhasil memberikan dampak yang positif untuk e-WOM pada restoran di masa pandemi Covid-19. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu pemilihan influencer dapat mempengaruhi terciptanya e-WOM positif dan juga penggunaan content pillars dapat membantu merepresentasikan merek melalui konten yang konsisten.

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This study discusses about communication strategies on social media by restaurants during the Covid-19 pandemic to find out e-WOM in restaurants in the form of cloud kitchen. This research was conducted with a qualitative descriptive analytical method. The result of the research is that the use of influencers has had a positive impact on e-WOM in restaurants during the Covid-19 pandemic. The conclusion of this study is that the selection of influencers can affect the creation of positive e-WOM and also the use of content pillars can help represent brands through consistent content."

"Cloud computing is full of tremendous opportunity, but is also riddled with hype and confusion. Business and technology leaders know the cloud is essential, but they lack clarity and experience. To the Cloud cuts through the noise and addresses the Why, What, and How of enterprise cloud adoption. This unique guide lays out a four-step framework, leveraging the experience and best practices of Microsoft's own IT group. The book delivers end-to-end business and technology guidance, describing how to analyze application portfolios to identify good cloud candidates, choose the right cloud models, consider architecture and security, and understand how shifting operations to the cloud affects budgeting and staffing. Applicable to all cloud platforms and providers, this practical resource debunks myths, revealing that real clouds are more than just web hosting, virtualization, or the Internet itself rebranded. It takes a balanced approach, addressing concerns and hybrid adoption scenarios alike. Based on the authors' proven expertise working for Microsoft's CIO on cloud migration and with cloud platform development teams, the book is supported by clear frameworks, graphics, tables, summaries, and checklists to provide a true practitioner's guide to the cloud. To the Cloud helps you: Explore cloud computing to understand its promise and challenges. Envision how cloud computing can transform your organization. Enable your organization with the necessary resources and skills. Execute the design, development, and operation of cloud workloads. To the Cloud is essential for IT professionals seeking to lower total cost of ownership, improve the return on IT investment of existing services, and help the business bring new products to market more quickly."