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"As a result of enhanced professionalism and commercialization in the field of sports, it has become an industry of its own. Professionalism and industrialization are correlated; therefore sports actors performance achieved as a result of their professionalism lead to the commercialization, and even to the industrialization of certain (branches of) sports. On the other hand, it is considered that industrialization which involves the commercial aspect is able to maintain, and even enhance sports actors professionalism/performance. In practice, such correlation is not always directly proportional, but inversely proportional. There have been cases of issues related to sports actors welfare not being properly fulfilled, in fact, being far below the general manpower standards applicable to people doing work (workers/laborers). In general such cases include late or non-payment of wages, reducing bonuses, implementation of contract not accordance with the initial agreement, unilateral termination of contract without compensation for damages and others. The frequently arising question is whether sports actors, particularly athletes, have the status of "nonemployee" professionals, or the status of "employees". The various existing opinions related to such issue of status raise certain legal implications, particularly from the manpower aspect which emphasizes the welfare and legal protection of "workers", which are also often experienced by athletes. It is expected that this article will be able to provide to the readers a broader view regarding the status of athletes "manpower" status."

"Tingginya populasi gamers di Indonesia yakni sebanyak 34 juta jiwa,serta pencapaian prestasi esports di Indonesia menjadikan esports di Indonesia layak untuk dijadikan olahraga prestasi. Pemerintah Indonesia melalui Kemenpora bersama Komite Olahraga Nasional Indonesia (KONI) meresmikan esports sebagai cabang olahraga prestasi di Indonesia, dan menunjuk Pengurus Besar Esports Indonesia (PB ESI) sebagai induk cabang olahraga esports. Kebijakan keolahragaan secara umum memuat kebijakan-kebijakan terkait dukungan dana, kelembagaan olahraga, partisipasi, pembinaan prestasi, dan penyediaan fasilitas yang dimuat dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tentang Keolahragaan Tahun 2022, dan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 86 Tentang Desain Besar Olahraga Nasional (DBON) Tahun 2021. Kebijakan-kebijakan keolahragaan tersebut dilakukan sebagai upaya membenahi permasalahan keolahragaan yang salah satu diantaranya adalah pembinaan prestasi belum dilakukan secara sistematis, dan penyediaan fasilitas menjadi masalah utama yang dihadapi berbagai cabang olahraga. Dalam pelaksanaan keolahragaan pencapaian maupun kendala yang muncul dalam keolahragaan akan dapat dilihat dengan mengkaji pelaksanaan kebijakan keolahragaan pada cabang olahraga esports yang relatif masih baru, namun telah memberikan prestasi terukur dalam waktu relatif singkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan implementasi kebijakan keolahragaan bidang esport sebagai cabang olahraga prestasi di Indonesia ditinjau dari faktor determinannya yakni teori Edward III tentang implementasi kebijakan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah post-positivist, Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam untuk mendapatkan data primer, studi literatur sebagai, dan dokumentasi sebagai data skunder serta teknik analisis yang digunakan menggunakan illustrative methode. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalah secara normatif Kemenpora, PB ESI, dan KONI telah mengimplementasikan kebijakan keolahragaan, kendati demikian olahraga esports masih dalam tahap proses adaptasi menjadi olahraga prestasi. Adapun faktor determinan yang paling memberpengaruh terimplementasinya kebijakan keolahragaan di bidang esports yakni partisipasi stakeholders yang berada di ekosistem esports yang sangat mendukung.

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The population of gamers in Indonesia reach 34 million people and the achievement of esports in Indonesia has made esports as performance sports in Indonesia. The Government of Indonesia with Ministry of Youth and Sports (Kemenpora) and National Comitee of Sports Indonesia (KONI) decided esports as performance sports and choose PB ESI as the association who handle esports in Indonesia. The sports policy generally contain some policy related to financial support, sports institutions, participation, and performance development, and facilities as contained in Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tentang Keolahragaan Tahun 2022, and Peraturan Presiden Nomor 86 Tentang Desain Besar Olahraga Nasional (DBON) Tahun 2021. These sports policies are carried out as an effort to solved sports problem, which is that performance sportst hasn’t yet been carried as systematically, and the provision of facilities is the main problem that various sports faced. In the implementation of sports, the achievement and an obstacles that arise in sports can be seen by examining the implementation of sports policies in esports, that which are relatively new, but has measureable achievement in a relatively short time. This study aims to explain the implementation of sports policies in the field of esports as a performance sports in Indonesia that analayze by the determinant factor that Edward III told about theory of policy implementation. The method that used in this research is post-positivist approach, data collection techniques with in-depth interviews to obtain primary data, literature studies and documentation as secondary data, and analysis technique used illustrative method. The results in this reseach showed that normatively Kemenpora, PB ESI, and KONI have implemented sports policies, even though esports are still in the process of adaptation to performance sports. The determinant factor that most influences the implementation of sports policies in esports is the participation of stakeholders is very supportive as esports ecosystem."

"Buku yang berjudul "Sports injuries" ini ditulis oleh Patrick Milroy. Buku ini membahas tentang pencegahan luka, klasifikasi luka, dan luka yang diakibatkan oleh olahraga."