Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Hasil Pencarian

Ditemukan 169120 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
cover
Yohana Maria Penga
Antibodi anti trypanosoma evansi dalam serum peternak dengan ternak yang terinfeksi surra di Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten = Anti trypanosoma evansi antibodies in farmer sera with animal infected by surra in Pandeglang Banten / Yohana Maria Penga
"ABSTRAK
Trypanosoma evansi merupakan parasit penyebab surra pada hewan ternak kuda, kerbau dan sapi . Penyakit ini ditularkan oleh beberapa jenis lalat binatang termasuk Tabanus. Infeksi oleh suatu mikroorganisme menyebabkan tubuh memberikan respon baik pada tingkat seluler maupun humoral, seperti antibodi. Respon humoral dapat dilihat dalam analisis darah terutama dalam bentuk protein plasma total, kadar albumin dan globulin, rasio A/G, IgM dan IgG total dalam serum dan respon spesifik terhadap antigen penyebab yaitu T. evansi dalam bentuk reaksi serologi seperti ELISA, CATT Card Agglutination Test for T. evansi , Imobilisasi Trypanosoma dan pengikatan komplemen. Pandeglang, Banten diketahui endemik penyakit surra. Peternak sering berada dekat dengan hewan ternak sehingga ada kemungkinan dihinggapi oleh lalat vektor. Untuk mengetahui apakah para peternak ini pernah mengalami infeksi dengan T. evansi dilakukan analisis protein serum dan tes serologi menggunakan antigen T. evansi. Sebagai kontrol digunakan subyek yang tinggal dikota yang dianggap tidak berkontak dengan ternak. Analisis pada 23 peternak menunjukkan bahwa kadar Globulin total serum, IgM dan IgG, pembacaan spektrofotometry hasil ELISA dengan ekstrak T. evansi sebagai antigen dan imobilisasi menunjukkan perbedaan secara bermakna dibandingkan non endemik. Disimpulkan bahwa subyek peternak yang tinggal di daerah endemik dan berada dekat dengan ternak mempunyai peluang mengalami infeksi dengan T. evansi.
ABSTRACT
Trypanosoma evansi produces surra disease in livestock animals horse, buffalo and cattle . This disease is transmited by several type of flies, such as Tabanus fly. Any infection by microorganism will induce biological responses, at the cellular as well as humoral level. Humoral response can be seen in the total plasma protein profile, total IgM and IgG and especially by serological test like ELISA, CATT Card Agglutination Test for T.evansi , T. evansi imobillisation test, or by complement fixation test. Pandeglang District, Banten province, West of Java, is one of surra endemic area in Indonesia. Local farmers are often in closed to their animal and consequently more exposed to the fly vector. The aim of our study is to know weather the farmer were infected by T. evansi, and for this objective we performed serum protein analysis, as well as serological test using purified antigen of T. evansi. For uninfected control, the same analysis were perform on the sera from urban, non endemic individual. Observation on 23 farmers showed that serum total globulin, serum total IgM and IgG, and spectrofotometric reading on ELISA test specificly conseived for T. evansi and also trypanososma immobilisation test are significantly different with the sera from the endemic area. The results suggest that farmer from the endemic area and in close contact with animal have a high probability to undergo the T. evansi infection."
2017
T55697
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Rattus argentiventer, R.diardii, and R.tiomanicus=Their susceptabilities to the infections of Trypanosoma evansi, agent of Surra diseases
"Guna lebih memahami peranan binatang-binatang reservoar pada penyebaran penyakit surra, sejumlah tikus-tikus liar jantan dan betina – Rattus argentiventer (tikus sawah), R.diardii (tikus rumah), dan R.tiomanicus (tikus belukar)- dengan berat berbeda-beda diinokulasi secara subkutan dengan kurang lebih 10^6 Trypanosoma evansi yang dilarutkan dalam larutan glucose-buffer phospate. Hasil observasi terhadap kemunculan T.evansi dalam darah periferi tikus-tikus ini memberikan catatan bahwa, masa-masa prepaten T.evansi pada R.argentiventer adalah 1-2 hari, pada R.diardii 1-3 hari, dan pada R.tiomanicus 1-2 hari pasca-inokulasi; masa prepaten tikus-tikus jantan lebih pendek daripada tikus-tikus betina dan berat badan tikus-tikus tidak berpengaruh terhadap jalannya infeksi. Peranan variant antigenetic type (VAT) diperlihatkan hanya oleh kelompok R.diardii. Studi ini memberikan petunjuk bahwa R.argentiventer dan R.tiomanicus lebih peka daripada R.diardii terhadap infeksi T.avensi. Agaknya R.diardii berkemampuan berperan sebagai hospes reservoar sementara penyakit surra.
"
MPARIN 6 (1-2) 1993
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Angka kejadian antibodi Trypanosoma evansi dalam serum sapi dan kerbau asal Surade, Karawang, Kulonprogo, Blora, dan Tuban dengan uji ELISA tak langsung
"Telah dilakukan uji ELISA tak langsung (indirect ELISA) terhadap 423 serum sapi dan kerbau dari berbagai umur. Serum diambil dari Bank Serum milik Balivet Bogor dan berasal dari daerah Surade, Karawang, Kulonprogo, Blora, dan Tuban. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan bahwa T.evansi telah tersebar secara prevalen pada sapi dan kerbau di kelima daerah tersebut. Angka kejadian anti-bodi pada anak sapi sebesar 18%, pada sapi dewasa 51%, dan pada sapi tua 67%, sedangkan pada kerbau, kerbau dewasa dan kerbau tua masing-masing sebesar 24%, 65%, dan 56%. Angka kejadian antibodi dan titer ELISA berkecenderungan meningkat dengan bertambahnya umur hewan. "
MPARIN 6 (1-2) 1993
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Derajat prevalensi infeksi Trypanosoma evansi pada kelompok penggemukan sapi peranakan Ongole di kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur
"Derajat prevalensi terhadap infeksi oleh Trypanosoma evansi telah diteliti pada 273 ekor sapi peranakan Ongole yang dipelihara di delapan kelompok penggemukan sapi di Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur. Pemeriksaan parasitologik terhadap infeksi T.evansi dalam darah sapi dilakukan dengan cara microhaematocrit centrifugation technique; sedangkan pemeriksaan serologik untuk mendeteksi antibodi terhadap T.evansi dilakukan dengan cara enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hasil pemeriksaan dari kombinasi kedua uji tersebut menunjukkan derajat prevalensi infeksi T.evansi di wilayah Sumber Salak 73% ; Kajar 34% ; Kacangan 20% ; Gunung Raun 15% ; Tetelan Timur 13% ; dan Kalibaru Kidul 11%, sedangkan prevalensi derajat infeksi di wilayah Jatirono Utara dan tetelan barat adalah 0%. Penelitian ini memperkuat bukti bahwa kombinasi kedua uji parasitologik dan serologik yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui tingakat infeksi T.evansi di suatu daerah dan merupakan alat ayng berguna untuk mempelajari epidemiologi penyakit surra. "
MPARIN 10 (1-2) 1997
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Dyah Haryuningtyas Sawitri
Studi virulensi trypanosoma evansi isolat indonesia dengan penentuan marka molekular DNA mikrosatelit dan analisis profil sitokin pada mencit Mus musculus = Virulence study of trypanosoma evansi isolates from Indonesia and identification of molecular marker based on microsatellite DNA and cytokine profile analyses in mice Mus musculus
"ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan :Trypanosoma evansi adalah protozoa berflagella yang bersirkulasi
di dalam darah secara ekstraseluler sebagai agen penyakit Surra serta menyerang
seluruh hewan vertebrata, serta berpotensi sebagai zoonosis. Informasi virulensi
isolat T. evansi sangat dibutuhkan untuk penentuan strategi pengobatan Surra di
daerah wabah dan endemis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variasi
virulensi isolat T. evansi yang dikoleksi dari berbagai wilayah di Indonesia
termasuk memperoleh marka genetik serta mengetahui profil sitokin pada mencit.
Disamping itu, dilakukan juga uji serologis pada peternak di daerah wabah Surra
Metode : Sebanyak 32 isolat lokal T. evansi dikonfimasi dengan PCR multiplex
(ITS-1; Te Ro Tat 1,2 VSG dan ESAG6/7), selanjutnya diuji virulensinya dengan
menginfeksikan104 parasit pada mencit galur DDY. Studi genotyping populasi
T. evansi dievaluasi dengan 8 marka mikrosatelit Tbb-1, Tbb-5, Tbb-9, Tbb-10,
MORF2-CA, M6C8-CA, MEST-19AT, MT3033-AT. Dua isolat yang berbeda
virulensi (tinggi-Bang87 dan rendah-Pml 287) dipilih untuk uji imunopatogenitas
sedangkan serum peternak diuji dengan metode FELISA dan CATT T. evansi.
Hasil : Dari 32 isolat tersebut terbagi menjadi 17 isolat bervirulensi tinggi, 11
isolat bervirulensi moderat dan 4 isolat bervirulensi rendah dengan 8 pola tingkat
parasitemia. Analisis Neigbour Joining (NJ) terhadap 8 lokus berdasarkan Multi
Lokus Genotipe (MLG) mikrosatelit terbagi menjadi 4 populasi, yaitu MLG A,
MLG B, MLG C dan MLG D. Analisis terhadap struktur populasi juga
memberikan hasil yang sama dengan terbentuknya 4 klaster. Hasil ini juga
membuktikan bahwa marka yang digunakan bersifat spesifik lokasi. Sebanyak
tiga marka mengindikasikan adanya asosiasi antara virulensi dan MLG (Tbb-1,
M6C8-CA dan MEST-19). Kadar IFN-γ meningkat secara tajam pada mencit
yang diinfeksi isolat Bang 87 pada 4hpi berkorelasi negatif yang signifikan
(p<0,05) dengan kadar IL-10, sedangkan pada mencit yang diinfeksi isolat Pml
287, peningkatan kadar IFNγ berkorelasi positif dengan kadar IL-10. Kematian
dini pada mencit yang diinfeksi isolat Bang 87 disebabkan oleh sindrom respon
inflamasi sitemik. Hasil uji serologis menunjukkan bahwa 4 dari 24 serum
peternak (16,67%) didaerah wabah positif dan seluruh serum negatif untuk
daerah non wabah.
Kesimpulan : Variasi virulensi T. evansi isolat Indonesia memiliki karakter
molekular yang berbeda serta menginduksi pola mediator sitokin pro dan
antiinflamasi yang berhubungan dengan pola manifestasi patologi yang berbeda.
Marka mikrosatelit pada studi ini mampu mengidentifikasi asal usul sumber
infeksi, dan tingkat virulensi isolat yang sedang bersirkulasi. Surra berpotensi
sebagai emerging zoonosis, terutama bagi peternak didaerah wabah dan endemis.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Trypanosoma evansi is an extracellular homoflagellate of
protozoan blood causing Surra. The disease attacks all vertebrates and potentially
as zoonosis. Virulence analysis of T. evansi is a fundamental knowledge to
determine treatment strategies of Surra in both outbreak and endemic areas. The
aims of this study was to determine virulence variation of T. evansi isolates
collected from various regions in Indonesia and to obtained genetic markers as
well as cytokine profile in mice. In addition, serological test was also carried out
to farmers living in a Surra outbreak area
Methods: Total of 32 isolates of T. evansi corfirmed with multiplex PCR (ITS-1;
Te Ro Tat 1.2 VSG and ESAG6 / 7), were further tested with inoculation 104
parasite in DDY mice strain. The population genotype study of T. evansi was
evaluated with 8 microsatellite markers (Tbb-1, Tbb-5, Tbb-9, Tbb-10-CA
MORF2, M6C8-CA, MEST-19AT, MT3033-AT). Two different virulence
isolates, high-Bang87 and low-PML287 was selected to cytokine profile analysis
using ELISA, while farmers sera were tested using CATT and FELISA kits
Results: A total of 32 local isolates of T. evansi tested were divided into three
different virulences, i.e. 17 high virulence isolates, 11 moderate virulence and 4
low virulence isolates forming 8 pattern parasitemia levels. Based on Neigbour
Joining (NJ) on 8 Microsatellite Multilocus Genotype (MLGs) was grouped into
4 populations (MLG A, MLG B, MLG C and MLG D). Stucture population
analysis also provided the similar result generating 4 clusters. These results
indicated that the markers used in this study had a specific location property.
Three markers (TBB-1, and MEST M6C8-CA-19) showed an association
between virulence and MLG. IFN-γ levels increased significantly in mice
infected with Bang 87 isolate on 4th day post infection (dpi) having a significant
negative correlation (p <0.05) with increased IL-10 levels, whereas in mice
infected by PML 287 isolate, IFN-γ levels were positively correlated with IL- 10
levels. Early death in mice infected with Bang87 isolates was caused by systemic
inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Result of serological test showed that 4 out
of 24 farmers sera (16.67%) from outbreak areas are positive and all sample from
free area are negative.
Conclusion: Virulence variation of T. evansi isolates from Indonesia has
different molecular character and induces cytokine pattern of pro and antiinflammatory
mediators associated with distinct patterns of pathological
manifestations. The microsatellite markers found in this study are able to identify
origin of infection sources dan determine virulence of isolates that circulate on the
outbreak area. Surra is potential new emerging disease, particularly for farmers or
immunosurpressed individuals who living in both endemic and outbreak areas;Introduction: Trypanosoma evansi is an extracellular homoflagellate of
protozoan blood causing Surra. The disease attacks all vertebrates and potentially
as zoonosis. Virulence analysis of T. evansi is a fundamental knowledge to
determine treatment strategies of Surra in both outbreak and endemic areas. The
aims of this study was to determine virulence variation of T. evansi isolates
collected from various regions in Indonesia and to obtained genetic markers as
well as cytokine profile in mice. In addition, serological test was also carried out
to farmers living in a Surra outbreak area
Methods: Total of 32 isolates of T. evansi corfirmed with multiplex PCR (ITS-1;
Te Ro Tat 1.2 VSG and ESAG6 / 7), were further tested with inoculation 104
parasite in DDY mice strain. The population genotype study of T. evansi was
evaluated with 8 microsatellite markers (Tbb-1, Tbb-5, Tbb-9, Tbb-10-CA
MORF2, M6C8-CA, MEST-19AT, MT3033-AT). Two different virulence
isolates, high-Bang87 and low-PML287 was selected to cytokine profile analysis
using ELISA, while farmers sera were tested using CATT and FELISA kits
Results: A total of 32 local isolates of T. evansi tested were divided into three
different virulences, i.e. 17 high virulence isolates, 11 moderate virulence and 4
low virulence isolates forming 8 pattern parasitemia levels. Based on Neigbour
Joining (NJ) on 8 Microsatellite Multilocus Genotype (MLGs) was grouped into
4 populations (MLG A, MLG B, MLG C and MLG D). Stucture population
analysis also provided the similar result generating 4 clusters. These results
indicated that the markers used in this study had a specific location property.
Three markers (TBB-1, and MEST M6C8-CA-19) showed an association
between virulence and MLG. IFN-γ levels increased significantly in mice
infected with Bang 87 isolate on 4th day post infection (dpi) having a significant
negative correlation (p <0.05) with increased IL-10 levels, whereas in mice
infected by PML 287 isolate, IFN-γ levels were positively correlated with IL- 10
levels. Early death in mice infected with Bang87 isolates was caused by systemic
inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Result of serological test showed that 4 out
of 24 farmers sera (16.67%) from outbreak areas are positive and all sample from
free area are negative.
Conclusion: Virulence variation of T. evansi isolates from Indonesia has
different molecular character and induces cytokine pattern of pro and antiinflammatory
mediators associated with distinct patterns of pathological
manifestations. The microsatellite markers found in this study are able to identify
origin of infection sources dan determine virulence of isolates that circulate on the
outbreak area. Surra is potential new emerging disease, particularly for farmers or
immunosurpressed individuals who living in both endemic and outbreak areas;Introduction: Trypanosoma evansi is an extracellular homoflagellate of
protozoan blood causing Surra. The disease attacks all vertebrates and potentially
as zoonosis. Virulence analysis of T. evansi is a fundamental knowledge to
determine treatment strategies of Surra in both outbreak and endemic areas. The
aims of this study was to determine virulence variation of T. evansi isolates
collected from various regions in Indonesia and to obtained genetic markers as
well as cytokine profile in mice. In addition, serological test was also carried out
to farmers living in a Surra outbreak area
Methods: Total of 32 isolates of T. evansi corfirmed with multiplex PCR (ITS-1;
Te Ro Tat 1.2 VSG and ESAG6 / 7), were further tested with inoculation 104
parasite in DDY mice strain. The population genotype study of T. evansi was
evaluated with 8 microsatellite markers (Tbb-1, Tbb-5, Tbb-9, Tbb-10-CA
MORF2, M6C8-CA, MEST-19AT, MT3033-AT). Two different virulence
isolates, high-Bang87 and low-PML287 was selected to cytokine profile analysis
using ELISA, while farmers sera were tested using CATT and FELISA kits
Results: A total of 32 local isolates of T. evansi tested were divided into three
different virulences, i.e. 17 high virulence isolates, 11 moderate virulence and 4
low virulence isolates forming 8 pattern parasitemia levels. Based on Neigbour
Joining (NJ) on 8 Microsatellite Multilocus Genotype (MLGs) was grouped into
4 populations (MLG A, MLG B, MLG C and MLG D). Stucture population
analysis also provided the similar result generating 4 clusters. These results
indicated that the markers used in this study had a specific location property.
Three markers (TBB-1, and MEST M6C8-CA-19) showed an association
between virulence and MLG. IFN-γ levels increased significantly in mice
infected with Bang 87 isolate on 4th day post infection (dpi) having a significant
negative correlation (p <0.05) with increased IL-10 levels, whereas in mice
infected by PML 287 isolate, IFN-γ levels were positively correlated with IL- 10
levels. Early death in mice infected with Bang87 isolates was caused by systemic
inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Result of serological test showed that 4 out
of 24 farmers sera (16.67%) from outbreak areas are positive and all sample from
free area are negative.
Conclusion: Virulence variation of T. evansi isolates from Indonesia has
different molecular character and induces cytokine pattern of pro and antiinflammatory
mediators associated with distinct patterns of pathological
manifestations. The microsatellite markers found in this study are able to identify
origin of infection sources dan determine virulence of isolates that circulate on the
outbreak area. Surra is potential new emerging disease, particularly for farmers or
immunosurpressed individuals who living in both endemic and outbreak areas;Introduction: Trypanosoma evansi is an extracellular homoflagellate of
protozoan blood causing Surra. The disease attacks all vertebrates and potentially
as zoonosis. Virulence analysis of T. evansi is a fundamental knowledge to
determine treatment strategies of Surra in both outbreak and endemic areas. The
aims of this study was to determine virulence variation of T. evansi isolates
collected from various regions in Indonesia and to obtained genetic markers as
well as cytokine profile in mice. In addition, serological test was also carried out
to farmers living in a Surra outbreak area
Methods: Total of 32 isolates of T. evansi corfirmed with multiplex PCR (ITS-1;
Te Ro Tat 1.2 VSG and ESAG6 / 7), were further tested with inoculation 104
parasite in DDY mice strain. The population genotype study of T. evansi was
evaluated with 8 microsatellite markers (Tbb-1, Tbb-5, Tbb-9, Tbb-10-CA
MORF2, M6C8-CA, MEST-19AT, MT3033-AT). Two different virulence
isolates, high-Bang87 and low-PML287 was selected to cytokine profile analysis
using ELISA, while farmers sera were tested using CATT and FELISA kits
Results: A total of 32 local isolates of T. evansi tested were divided into three
different virulences, i.e. 17 high virulence isolates, 11 moderate virulence and 4
low virulence isolates forming 8 pattern parasitemia levels. Based on Neigbour
Joining (NJ) on 8 Microsatellite Multilocus Genotype (MLGs) was grouped into
4 populations (MLG A, MLG B, MLG C and MLG D). Stucture population
analysis also provided the similar result generating 4 clusters. These results
indicated that the markers used in this study had a specific location property.
Three markers (TBB-1, and MEST M6C8-CA-19) showed an association
between virulence and MLG. IFN-γ levels increased significantly in mice
infected with Bang 87 isolate on 4th day post infection (dpi) having a significant
negative correlation (p <0.05) with increased IL-10 levels, whereas in mice
infected by PML 287 isolate, IFN-γ levels were positively correlated with IL- 10
levels. Early death in mice infected with Bang87 isolates was caused by systemic
inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Result of serological test showed that 4 out
of 24 farmers sera (16.67%) from outbreak areas are positive and all sample from
free area are negative.
Conclusion: Virulence variation of T. evansi isolates from Indonesia has
different molecular character and induces cytokine pattern of pro and antiinflammatory
mediators associated with distinct patterns of pathological
manifestations. The microsatellite markers found in this study are able to identify
origin of infection sources dan determine virulence of isolates that circulate on the
outbreak area. Surra is potential new emerging disease, particularly for farmers or
immunosurpressed individuals who living in both endemic and outbreak areas;Introduction: Trypanosoma evansi is an extracellular homoflagellate of
protozoan blood causing Surra. The disease attacks all vertebrates and potentially
as zoonosis. Virulence analysis of T. evansi is a fundamental knowledge to
determine treatment strategies of Surra in both outbreak and endemic areas. The
aims of this study was to determine virulence variation of T. evansi isolates
collected from various regions in Indonesia and to obtained genetic markers as
well as cytokine profile in mice. In addition, serological test was also carried out
to farmers living in a Surra outbreak area
Methods: Total of 32 isolates of T. evansi corfirmed with multiplex PCR (ITS-1;
Te Ro Tat 1.2 VSG and ESAG6 / 7), were further tested with inoculation 104
parasite in DDY mice strain. The population genotype study of T. evansi was
evaluated with 8 microsatellite markers (Tbb-1, Tbb-5, Tbb-9, Tbb-10-CA
MORF2, M6C8-CA, MEST-19AT, MT3033-AT). Two different virulence
isolates, high-Bang87 and low-PML287 was selected to cytokine profile analysis
using ELISA, while farmers sera were tested using CATT and FELISA kits
Results: A total of 32 local isolates of T. evansi tested were divided into three
different virulences, i.e. 17 high virulence isolates, 11 moderate virulence and 4
low virulence isolates forming 8 pattern parasitemia levels. Based on Neigbour
Joining (NJ) on 8 Microsatellite Multilocus Genotype (MLGs) was grouped into
4 populations (MLG A, MLG B, MLG C and MLG D). Stucture population
analysis also provided the similar result generating 4 clusters. These results
indicated that the markers used in this study had a specific location property.
Three markers (TBB-1, and MEST M6C8-CA-19) showed an association
between virulence and MLG. IFN-γ levels increased significantly in mice
infected with Bang 87 isolate on 4th day post infection (dpi) having a significant
negative correlation (p <0.05) with increased IL-10 levels, whereas in mice
infected by PML 287 isolate, IFN-γ levels were positively correlated with IL- 10
levels. Early death in mice infected with Bang87 isolates was caused by systemic
inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Result of serological test showed that 4 out
of 24 farmers sera (16.67%) from outbreak areas are positive and all sample from
free area are negative.
Conclusion: Virulence variation of T. evansi isolates from Indonesia has
different molecular character and induces cytokine pattern of pro and antiinflammatory
mediators associated with distinct patterns of pathological
manifestations. The microsatellite markers found in this study are able to identify
origin of infection sources dan determine virulence of isolates that circulate on the
outbreak area. Surra is potential new emerging disease, particularly for farmers or
immunosurpressed individuals who living in both endemic and outbreak areas;Introduction: Trypanosoma evansi is an extracellular homoflagellate of
protozoan blood causing Surra. The disease attacks all vertebrates and potentially
as zoonosis. Virulence analysis of T. evansi is a fundamental knowledge to
determine treatment strategies of Surra in both outbreak and endemic areas. The
aims of this study was to determine virulence variation of T. evansi isolates
collected from various regions in Indonesia and to obtained genetic markers as
well as cytokine profile in mice. In addition, serological test was also carried out
to farmers living in a Surra outbreak area
Methods: Total of 32 isolates of T. evansi corfirmed with multiplex PCR (ITS-1;
Te Ro Tat 1.2 VSG and ESAG6 / 7), were further tested with inoculation 104
parasite in DDY mice strain. The population genotype study of T. evansi was
evaluated with 8 microsatellite markers (Tbb-1, Tbb-5, Tbb-9, Tbb-10-CA
MORF2, M6C8-CA, MEST-19AT, MT3033-AT). Two different virulence
isolates, high-Bang87 and low-PML287 was selected to cytokine profile analysis
using ELISA, while farmers sera were tested using CATT and FELISA kits
Results: A total of 32 local isolates of T. evansi tested were divided into three
different virulences, i.e. 17 high virulence isolates, 11 moderate virulence and 4
low virulence isolates forming 8 pattern parasitemia levels. Based on Neigbour
Joining (NJ) on 8 Microsatellite Multilocus Genotype (MLGs) was grouped into
4 populations (MLG A, MLG B, MLG C and MLG D). Stucture population
analysis also provided the similar result generating 4 clusters. These results
indicated that the markers used in this study had a specific location property.
Three markers (TBB-1, and MEST M6C8-CA-19) showed an association
between virulence and MLG. IFN-γ levels increased significantly in mice
infected with Bang 87 isolate on 4th day post infection (dpi) having a significant
negative correlation (p <0.05) with increased IL-10 levels, whereas in mice
infected by PML 287 isolate, IFN-γ levels were positively correlated with IL- 10
levels. Early death in mice infected with Bang87 isolates was caused by systemic
inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Result of serological test showed that 4 out
of 24 farmers sera (16.67%) from outbreak areas are positive and all sample from
free area are negative.
Conclusion: Virulence variation of T. evansi isolates from Indonesia has
different molecular character and induces cytokine pattern of pro and antiinflammatory
mediators associated with distinct patterns of pathological
manifestations. The microsatellite markers found in this study are able to identify
origin of infection sources dan determine virulence of isolates that circulate on the
outbreak area. Surra is potential new emerging disease, particularly for farmers or
immunosurpressed individuals who living in both endemic and outbreak areas;Introduction: Trypanosoma evansi is an extracellular homoflagellate of
protozoan blood causing Surra. The disease attacks all vertebrates and potentially
as zoonosis. Virulence analysis of T. evansi is a fundamental knowledge to
determine treatment strategies of Surra in both outbreak and endemic areas. The
aims of this study was to determine virulence variation of T. evansi isolates
collected from various regions in Indonesia and to obtained genetic markers as
well as cytokine profile in mice. In addition, serological test was also carried out
to farmers living in a Surra outbreak area
Methods: Total of 32 isolates of T. evansi corfirmed with multiplex PCR (ITS-1;
Te Ro Tat 1.2 VSG and ESAG6 / 7), were further tested with inoculation 104
parasite in DDY mice strain. The population genotype study of T. evansi was
evaluated with 8 microsatellite markers (Tbb-1, Tbb-5, Tbb-9, Tbb-10-CA
MORF2, M6C8-CA, MEST-19AT, MT3033-AT). Two different virulence
isolates, high-Bang87 and low-PML287 was selected to cytokine profile analysis
using ELISA, while farmers sera were tested using CATT and FELISA kits
Results: A total of 32 local isolates of T. evansi tested were divided into three
different virulences, i.e. 17 high virulence isolates, 11 moderate virulence and 4
low virulence isolates forming 8 pattern parasitemia levels. Based on Neigbour
Joining (NJ) on 8 Microsatellite Multilocus Genotype (MLGs) was grouped into
4 populations (MLG A, MLG B, MLG C and MLG D). Stucture population
analysis also provided the similar result generating 4 clusters. These results
indicated that the markers used in this study had a specific location property.
Three markers (TBB-1, and MEST M6C8-CA-19) showed an association
between virulence and MLG. IFN-γ levels increased significantly in mice
infected with Bang 87 isolate on 4th day post infection (dpi) having a significant
negative correlation (p <0.05) with increased IL-10 levels, whereas in mice
infected by PML 287 isolate, IFN-γ levels were positively correlated with IL- 10
levels. Early death in mice infected with Bang87 isolates was caused by systemic
inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Result of serological test showed that 4 out
of 24 farmers sera (16.67%) from outbreak areas are positive and all sample from
free area are negative.
Conclusion: Virulence variation of T. evansi isolates from Indonesia has
different molecular character and induces cytokine pattern of pro and antiinflammatory
mediators associated with distinct patterns of pathological
manifestations. The microsatellite markers found in this study are able to identify
origin of infection sources dan determine virulence of isolates that circulate on the
outbreak area. Surra is potential new emerging disease, particularly for farmers or
immunosurpressed individuals who living in both endemic and outbreak areas;Introduction: Trypanosoma evansi is an extracellular homoflagellate of
protozoan blood causing Surra. The disease attacks all vertebrates and potentially
as zoonosis. Virulence analysis of T. evansi is a fundamental knowledge to
determine treatment strategies of Surra in both outbreak and endemic areas. The
aims of this study was to determine virulence variation of T. evansi isolates
collected from various regions in Indonesia and to obtained genetic markers as
well as cytokine profile in mice. In addition, serological test was also carried out
to farmers living in a Surra outbreak area
Methods: Total of 32 isolates of T. evansi corfirmed with multiplex PCR (ITS-1;
Te Ro Tat 1.2 VSG and ESAG6 / 7), were further tested with inoculation 104
parasite in DDY mice strain. The population genotype study of T. evansi was
evaluated with 8 microsatellite markers (Tbb-1, Tbb-5, Tbb-9, Tbb-10-CA
MORF2, M6C8-CA, MEST-19AT, MT3033-AT). Two different virulence
isolates, high-Bang87 and low-PML287 was selected to cytokine profile analysis
using ELISA, while farmers sera were tested using CATT and FELISA kits
Results: A total of 32 local isolates of T. evansi tested were divided into three
different virulences, i.e. 17 high virulence isolates, 11 moderate virulence and 4
low virulence isolates forming 8 pattern parasitemia levels. Based on Neigbour
Joining (NJ) on 8 Microsatellite Multilocus Genotype (MLGs) was grouped into
4 populations (MLG A, MLG B, MLG C and MLG D). Stucture population
analysis also provided the similar result generating 4 clusters. These results
indicated that the markers used in this study had a specific location property.
Three markers (TBB-1, and MEST M6C8-CA-19) showed an association
between virulence and MLG. IFN-γ levels increased significantly in mice
infected with Bang 87 isolate on 4th day post infection (dpi) having a significant
negative correlation (p <0.05) with increased IL-10 levels, whereas in mice
infected by PML 287 isolate, IFN-γ levels were positively correlated with IL- 10
levels. Early death in mice infected with Bang87 isolates was caused by systemic
inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Result of serological test showed that 4 out
of 24 farmers sera (16.67%) from outbreak areas are positive and all sample from
free area are negative.
Conclusion: Virulence variation of T. evansi isolates from Indonesia has
different molecular character and induces cytokine pattern of pro and antiinflammatory
mediators associated with distinct patterns of pathological
manifestations. The microsatellite markers found in this study are able to identify
origin of infection sources dan determine virulence of isolates that circulate on the
outbreak area. Surra is potential new emerging disease, particularly for farmers or
immunosurpressed individuals who living in both endemic and outbreak areas;Introduction: Trypanosoma evansi is an extracellular homoflagellate of
protozoan blood causing Surra. The disease attacks all vertebrates and potentially
as zoonosis. Virulence analysis of T. evansi is a fundamental knowledge to
determine treatment strategies of Surra in both outbreak and endemic areas. The
aims of this study was to determine virulence variation of T. evansi isolates
collected from various regions in Indonesia and to obtained genetic markers as
well as cytokine profile in mice. In addition, serological test was also carried out
to farmers living in a Surra outbreak area
Methods: Total of 32 isolates of T. evansi corfirmed with multiplex PCR (ITS-1;
Te Ro Tat 1.2 VSG and ESAG6 / 7), were further tested with inoculation 104
parasite in DDY mice strain. The population genotype study of T. evansi was
evaluated with 8 microsatellite markers (Tbb-1, Tbb-5, Tbb-9, Tbb-10-CA
MORF2, M6C8-CA, MEST-19AT, MT3033-AT). Two different virulence
isolates, high-Bang87 and low-PML287 was selected to cytokine profile analysis
using ELISA, while farmers sera were tested using CATT and FELISA kits
Results: A total of 32 local isolates of T. evansi tested were divided into three
different virulences, i.e. 17 high virulence isolates, 11 moderate virulence and 4
low virulence isolates forming 8 pattern parasitemia levels. Based on Neigbour
Joining (NJ) on 8 Microsatellite Multilocus Genotype (MLGs) was grouped into
4 populations (MLG A, MLG B, MLG C and MLG D). Stucture population
analysis also provided the similar result generating 4 clusters. These results
indicated that the markers used in this study had a specific location property.
Three markers (TBB-1, and MEST M6C8-CA-19) showed an association
between virulence and MLG. IFN-γ levels increased significantly in mice
infected with Bang 87 isolate on 4th day post infection (dpi) having a significant
negative correlation (p <0.05) with increased IL-10 levels, whereas in mice
infected by PML 287 isolate, IFN-γ levels were positively correlated with IL- 10
levels. Early death in mice infected with Bang87 isolates was caused by systemic
inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Result of serological test showed that 4 out
of 24 farmers sera (16.67%) from outbreak areas are positive and all sample from
free area are negative.
Conclusion: Virulence variation of T. evansi isolates from Indonesia has
different molecular character and induces cytokine pattern of pro and antiinflammatory
mediators associated with distinct patterns of pathological
manifestations. The microsatellite markers found in this study are able to identify
origin of infection sources dan determine virulence of isolates that circulate on the
outbreak area. Surra is potential new emerging disease, particularly for farmers or
immunosurpressed individuals who living in both endemic and outbreak areas"
2016
D-Pdf
UI - Disertasi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Siti Lusiana
Kitin Dan Kitosa Sebagai Matriks Penukar Ion Pada Kromatografi Kolom Untuk Memisahkan Fraksi Protein Yang Kaya Immunoglobulin G (IGG) Dari Serum Darah Sapi = Chitin And Chitosan As The Ion Exchange Matrix In Column Chromatography For Fractionation Of IGG-Rich Bovine Serum Protein
"Kitin dan kitosan memiliki gugus amina yang bermuatan positif pada rantai sampingnya. Kesamaan struktur kitin dan kitosan dengan DEAE selulosa membuat kedua polimer tersebut berpotensi digunakan sebagai matriks penukar ion untuk fraksinasi protein. Hasil fraksinasi serum dengan matriks kitin dan kitosan dibandingkan dengan hasil fraksinasi dengan matriks  DEAE selulosa. Serum darah sapi diifraksinasi dengan kromatografi kolom dnegan matriks kitin kitosan dan DEAE selulosa dengan fase gerak PBS Ph 7,4, bufer fosfat Ph 6,5 Dan dapar Tris Ph 8,5. Fraksi IgG diuji dengan elektroforesis selulosa asetat, elektroforesis gel poliakrilamida dan imunodifusi radial. fraksinasi degan matriks kitin dan kitosan menunjukkan pola yang sama dengan matriks DEAE selulosa. Hasil elektroforesis gel poliakrilamid menunjukkan adanya pita IgG pada fraksi kitin, kitosan dan DEAE selulosa dengan fase gerak PBS pH 7,4 dan dapar fosfat pH 6,5. Namun hasil fraksinasi dengan dapar tris pH 8,5 tidak menunjukkan adanya pita IgG. Hasil uji dengan imunodifusi radial menunjukkan adanya IgG dengan konsentrasi terbanyak pada fraksi kitosan dengan fase gerak PBS pH 7,4. Kitin dan kitosan berpotensi digunakan sebagai Matriks penukar ion untuk fraksinasi protein serum darah sapi. Fraksi terbaik adalah fraksi kitosan degan fase gerak PBS pH 7,4.
Chitin and chitosan are polymers that naturally have N group on the side chain. The similarity structure between chitin, chitosan and DEAE-cellulose make the two polymer potentially used as ion-exchange matrix to fractionation of blood serum. Bovine serum was fractionated by column chromatography with chitin chitosan matrix and DEAE-cellulose with PBS pH 7.4, Phosphate buffer with pH 6.5 and tris buffer pH 8.5. The IgG fraction was tested by cellulose acetate electrophoresis, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and radial immunodiffusion.the results of fractionation using chitin and chitosan matrix showed the same pattern as DEAE-cellulose matrix. The results of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed the presence of IgG bands in the chitin, chitosan and DEAE-cellulose fractions with PBS mobile phase pH 7.4 and phosphate buffer pH 6.5. However, the results of fractionation with tris buffer pH 8.5 did not show any IgG bands. The test results with radial immunodiffusion showed the presence of IgG with the highest concentration in the chitosan fraction with PBS mobile phase pH 7.4. Chitin and chitosan have potential as ion exchange matrix for protein fractionation of bovine serum. chitosan matrix with PBS pH 7.4 mobile phase show the best fraction."
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2022
TA-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Eliezer Sutopo
Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan sindrom metabolik pada masyarakat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cimanuk dan Saketi, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten tahun 2017: analisis lanjut deteksi dini penyakit jantung dan pembuluh darah Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia = Factors associated with metabolic syndrome in communities of Cimanuk and Saketi Health Center working area Pandeglang Regency Banten 2017: advanced analysis of early detection of heart disease and blood vessels Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia
"Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Sindrom Metabolik pada Masyarakat di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Cimanuk dan Saketi, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten Tahun 2017 Analisis Lanjut Deteksi Dini Penyakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Tahun 2017 rdquo; Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pekerjaan, riwayat penyakit tidak menular dalam keluarga, Perilaku merokok, konsumsi buah dan sayur, aktivitas fisik, stress, dan Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan sindrom metabolik pada masyarakat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cimanuk dan Saketi, Kabupaten pandeglang, Banten tahun 2017. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan desain Cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret-Juni 2017 dengan menggunakan data dari deteksi dini Program Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Kementerian Kesehatan RI tahun 2017 dengan sampel sebanyak 359 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebesar 38,2 masyarakat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cimanuk dan Saketi, Kabupaten Pandenglang, Banten mengalami sindrom metabolik. Uji chi-square menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan secara statistik antara umur p value=0,001 , pendidikan p value=0,023 , pekerjaan p value=0,041 , dan Indeks Massa Tubuh p value=0,001 terhadap sindrom metabolik. Sedangkan melalui uji multivariat didapatkan variabel yang paling berpengaruh adalah indeks massa tubuh POR=0,334 . Melalui penelitian ini dapat memberikan informasi terutama masyarakat di Kecamatan Cimanuk dan Saketi, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten agar dapat menjaga kesehatan melalui pola hidup sehat, serta ikut serta dalam kegiatan Posbindu maupun Penyuluhan yang dilakukan oleh penyedia layanan kesehatan terkait.
Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Communities of Cimanuk and Saketi Health Center Working Area, Pandeglang Regency, Banten 2017 Advanced Analysis of Early Detection of Heart Disease and Blood Vessels Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia 2017 This thesis aims to know the related factors age, sex, education, occupation, history of non communicable diseases in the family, smoking behavior, consumption of fruits and vegetables, physical activity, stress, and body mass index with metabolic syndrome in the community in the working area of puskesmas cimanuk and saketi, pandeglang district, banten in 2017. This study is analytical descriptive using cross sectional design. The study was conducted from March to June 2017 using data from the early detection of the program of prevention and control of heart and vein disease the Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia in 2017 with a sample of 359 samples. The results showed that 38.2 of people in the working area of cimanuk and saketi health center, pandenglang district, banten had metabolic syndrome. Chi square test showed a statistically significant correlation between age p value 0.001 , education p value 0.023 , occupation p value 0.041 , and body mass index p value 0.001 against metabolic syndrome. While through multivariate test, the most influential variable is body mass index POR 0,334 . Through this research can provide information, especially the community in district cimanuk and saketi, pandeglang regency, banten in order to maintain health through healthy lifestyles, and participate in activities Posbindu and counseling conducted by health related providers. "
Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2017
S68644
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Lubis, Elvi Sahara
Pengaruh merkuri pada rambut terhadap tekanan darah pada masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar Pertambangan Emas Skala Kecil (PESK) di Desa Kramatjaya dan Desa Mangkualam, Kecamatan Cimanggu, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Provinsi Banten = The effect of hair mercury on blood pressure around Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining (ASGM) in Kramatjaya and Mangkualam Village, Cimanggu District, Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province
"Latar Belakang: Merkuri banyak ditemukan di sekitar PESK yang biasa digunakan dalam proses amalgamasi. Adanya pajanan merkuri kronis dapat dilihat dari kadar merkuri pada rambut masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar PESK. Pajanan merkuri secara terus-menerus dapat berdampak negatif terhadap kesehatan masyarakat salah satunya peningkatan tekanan darah.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh kadar merkuri pada rambut terhadap tekanan darah masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar Pertambangan Emas Skala Kecil (PESK).
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dan menggunakan data sekunder mulai dari observasi, wawancara, pengukuran, serta pengambilan sampel rambut dengan jumlah sampel 94 responden. Adapun data yang diambil meliputi kadar merkuri pada rambut, tekanan darah, umur, jenis kelamin, IMT, status merokok, dan frekuensi konsumsi ikan.
Hasil: Sebanyak 55.3% responden memiliki kadar merkuri di atas kadar normal (> 2 ppm) dan tekanan darah dominan tidak normal (≥120/80 mmHg) yaitu sebesar 72.3% orang. Namun hasil hubungan didapatkan tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara kadar merkuri rambut di atas kadar normal terhadap tekanan darah (Pvalue = 1).
Saran: dilakukan penelitian yang sama dengan sampel yang lebih banyak dan pajanan terhadap faktor risiko yang lebih lama serta dilakukan edukasi mengenai bahaya merkuri terhadap kesehatan.
Background: Mercury is found around ASGM commonly used in the amalgamation process. The exposure of chronic mercury can be seen from hair mercury levels in people who live around ASGM. Exposure continuously to mercury can have a negative impact on public health, one of an increasing blood pressure.
Objective: To determine the effect of hair mercury levels on the blood pressure respondent Around Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining (ASGM).
Method: This study used a cross sectional study design and used secondary data ranging from observation, interviews, measurements, and hair sampling with total sampling 94 respondents. The data taken includes hair mercury, blood pressure, age, sex, BMI, smoking status, and frequency of fish consumption.
Result: 55.3% of respondents had abnormally mercury levels (> 2 ppm) and 72.3% of respondent had abnormal blood pressure (20120/80 mmHg). But the results of the relationship found that there was no significant effect between abnormally levels of hair mercury on blood pressure (Value = 1).
Suggestion: Needed similar research with more samples and higher exposure and do health promotion about the effect of mercury to human health.
"
Depok: Fakultas kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2019
T53934
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Fiastuti Witjaksono
Pengaruh pemberian nutrisi enteral dini (NED) terhadap status protein penderita luka bakar di Unit Luka Bakar RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo tahun 1999-2000
"Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian NED terhadap status protein penderita luka bakar derajat II, 20-60% dari luas permukaan tubuh (LPT) dan/atau derajat III ≥ 10% LPT usia 18-60 tahun.
Tempat : Unit Luka Bakar RSUPNCM
Bahan dan Cara : Penelitian ini merupakan suatu uji klinik dengan randomisasi yang telah disetujui oleh panitia tetap penilai etik penelitian Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia. Duapuluh subyek yang memenuhi kriteria penerimaan dan penolakan dibagi 2 kelompok secara randomisasi blok. Sepuluh subyek perlakuan diberi NED mulai ≤ 8 jam pasca luka bakar, sedangkan 10 subyek kontrol diberi nutrisi enteral/oral 24 jam pasca luka bakar. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 12 hari. Status protein ditetapkan dengan pemeriksaan albumin dan prealbumin serum serta nitrogen urea urin (NUU). Sampel darah untuk pemeriksaan albumin dan prealbumin diambil hari ke-l, 7, dan 12. Urin tampung 24 jam untuk pemeriksaan NUU diambil hari ke-3, 7 dan 12. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji t untuk data berdistribusi normal dan uji Mann Whitney U untuk data berdistribusi tidak normal, batas kemaknaan yang digunakan sebesar 5%.
Hasil : Penelitian ini menunjukkan pemberian NED tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna terhadap status protein antara kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol, tetapi pada kelompok perlakuan didapatkan peningkatan kadar prealbumin dan gambaran penurunan kadar NUU yang lebih tajam.
Kesimpulan : NED mempunyai kecenderungan dapat memperbaiki status protein walaupun belum dapat dibuktikan secara statistik.
The Effect of Early Enteral Nutrition (EEN) on Protein Status in Burn Patients at Burn Unit Dr. Cipto Mangun Kusumo Hospital 1999-2000Objective: To know the effect of EEN on protein status in burn patients with 20-60% total body surface area (TBSA) of second degree burned, and/or ≥ 10% TBSA of third degree burned, age 18-60 years old subjects.
Place: Burn Unit Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Material and Methods
The study was a randomized clinical trial, which already certify by the ethical clearance research committee of the Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia. Twenty subjects were selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were divided into two groups by block randomization. Ten subjects were given enteral nutrition started ≤ 8 hours post burn, while 10 control subjects were given enteral / oral nutrition 24 hours post burn. Observation was done for 12 days. Protein status was determined by the laboratory result of albumin and prealbumin serum and the level of urinary urea nitrogen (UUN). Blood samples for albumin and prealbumin serum were taken on the day 1st, 7th and 12th. Twenty four hours collected urines for UUN examination were taken on the day 3rd, 7th and 12th . Statistical analysis was performed with t-test for data with normal distribution and Mann Whitney U test for data which do not conform to a normal distribution. The level of significance was 5%.
Results: The results showed no significant difference between the two groups, except on day 12th the prealbumin level tends to increase and the UUN level tend to decrease in the study group.
Conclusion : The EEN tend to be able to increase the protein status although has not statistically proven yet."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2001
T9971
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Daya Tripanosida Suramin terhadap Trypanosoma evansi
"Untuk menguji kembali keampuhan suramin, dilakukan percobaan menggunakan modifikasi uji klinis fase IV. Pengamatan uji tersebut dilakukan dengan memberi waktu berseri pasca pengobatan berturut-turut dari 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 49, 72, 96, 120, 192, 264, 336, dan 408 jam. Variabel dependen pada penelitian ini adalah keterkaitan antara kadar obat dalam darah vs. kemampuan eliminasi parasitemia. Pemeriksaan kadar obat dalam darah menggunakan cara Kromatografi Cair Kerja Tinggi (KCKT) fase terbalik menggunakan pasangan ion. Pemeriksaan derajat parasitemia dilakukan dengan cara haluan tipis. Disimpulkan bahwa suramin masih ampuh sebagai antitripanosoma. "
MPARIN 11 (1) 1998
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
<<   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10   >>