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"ABSTRAKInternet of Things IoT merupakan salah satu teknologi yang sedang berkembang dimana memungkinkan setiap benda seperti alat kesehatan, mesin produksi, mobil, TV, benda lainnya dapat saling terhubung melalui internet. Namun, terdapat beberapa tantangan yang perlu menjadi perhatian semua pihak, salah satunya adalah potensi ancaman terhadap keamanan data dan privasi.Di Indonesia sendiri, sudah ada regulasi yang mengatur keamanan data dan transaksi elektronik. Regulasi tersebut antara lain PP No. 82 Tahun 2012, UU No. 11 Tahun 2008, dan Permen Kominfo No. 4 Tahun 2016. Namun ketiga regulasi tersebut tidak secara spesifik mengatur masalah keamanan data dan privasi pada layanan Internet of Things IoT . Sehingga di perlukan sebuah regulasi yang khusus mengatur masalah keamanan data dan privasi pada layanan IoT.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Privacy Impact Assessment PIA dan mengambil salah satu domain IoT, yakni Smart Healthcare. Sebagai hasil dari penelitian, di dapat 5 faktor yang perlu di atur dalam regulasi terkait aspek keamanan data dan privasi pada layanan Internet of Things Smart Heathcare , yakni security compliance, device security, secure communication, virtualization security, dan application security. Untuk security compliance, di rekomendasikan untuk menerapkan sertifikasi ISO/TC 215 Health Informatics. Untuk aspek device security, direkomendasikan untuk menerapkan Trusted Computing Base TCB . Untuk aspek secure communication di haruskan menggunakan Virtual Private Network VPN . Untuk aspek virtualization security, di haruskan menerapkan beberapa mitigasi seperti provisioning, hardening, firewall, access control, dan IDPS. Dan untuk aspek application security, di haruskan untuk menerapkan beberapa mitigasi seperti secure programming, static code analysis, automated pentest, dan web application firewall.

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ABSTRACTInternet of Things IoT is one of the emerging technologies which allow any objects such as medical equipment, production machinery, cars, TVs, and other objects can be interconnected through the Internet. However, there are several challenges that need to be considerate of all parties, one of which is a potential threat to data security and privacy.In Indonesia, there are some existing regulations governing the security of data and electronic transactions. PP No. 82 Tahun 2012, UU No. 11 Tahun 2008, and Permen Kominfo No. 4 Tahun 2016 about Information Security Management System ISMS . However, these three regulations are not specifically control the issue of data security and privacy on the services of Internet of Things IoT . Thus, required a special regulation governing the data security and privacy on services of Internet of Things IoT .This research using Privacy Impact Assessment PIA methods and take one of the IoT domain, Smart Healthcare. As a result, there are 5 factors that need to be set in regulations related aspects of data security and privacy on the Internet of Things services Smart Heathcare security compliance, device security, secure communications, virtualization security, and application security. For security compliance, it 39 s recommended to apply ISO TC 215 Health Informatics. For the aspects of security devices, it is recommended to implement the Trusted Computing Base TCB . For secure communication aspects in required to use a Virtual Private Network VPN . For security aspects of virtualization, in required to apply some mitigation such as provisioning, hardening, firewalls, access control, and IDPS. And for aspects of application security, be required to implement some mitigation such as secure programming, static code analysis, automated pentest, and web application firewall."

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Internet of things (IoT) seringkali menjadi target serangan Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) pada perangkat mereka. Ini karena ekosistem IoT menggunakan sistem terpusat untuk mengendalikan dirinya sendiri. Blockchain menggunakan sistem distribusi terdesentralisasi sehingga tidak memerlukan otoritas dari pihak ketiga untuk memberikan kontrol verifikasi dalam mengidentifikasi block transaksi yang ada di dalam node ini.  Penggunaan Blockchain dapat diimplementasikan ke dalam ekosistem IoT dalam mengelola aliran data dan transaksi dan dapat mengelola manajemen akses yang aman dan andal yang mendukung ekosistem tepercaya. Integrasi blockchain pada IoT membutuhkan metode Smart Contract sebagai solusi untuk mendukung konsep keamanan jaringan seperti kerahasiaan, integritas, dan keseterdiaan.

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Internet of things (IoT) is often the target of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks on their devices. This is because the IoT ecosystem uses a centralized system to control itself. Blockchain uses a decentralized distribution system so that it does not require authority from a third party to provide verification control in identifying transaction blocks that exist within this node. The use of Blockchain can be implemented into the IoT ecosystem in managing data flow and transactions and can manage secure and reliable access management that supports trusted ecosystems. Blockchain integration in IoT requires Smart contract method as a solution to support the concept of network security such as confidentiality, integrity and integrity.

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Internet of Things (IoT) tidak hanya mengubah cara perangkat berinteraksi dan terhubung, tetapi juga membawa risiko keamanan serius, seperti kebocoran data. Penelitian ini mengatasi masalah tersebut dengan menggabungkan Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) dan shift left security. AES digunakan untuk mengenkripsi data yang ditransmisikan melalui perangkat IoT dengan mempertimbangkan keterbatasan sumber daya komputasi, khususnya pada perangkat Smart Fan System, yang bekerja dengan mengaktifkan mini fan berdasarkan threshold suhu tertentu yang dapat dimonitor melalui web app. Pada penelitian ini, shift left security diterapkan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengatasi kerentanan sejak tahap awal pengembangan. Efektivitas integrasi AES dan shift left security diuji dengan membandingkan waktu eksekusi dan kerentanan keamanan. Penetration testing dilakukan terhadap SQL injection, Man in the Middle (MITM) attack, dan Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan keamanan sebesar 66.67% dengan waktu eksekusi 485.51 ms pada sistem IoT yang mengintegrasikan AES dan shift left security, tanpa penurunan performa signifikan. Meskipun efektif terhadap SQL injection dan MITM attack, sistem masih rentan terhadap DDoS attack, sehingga diperlukan strategi tambahan yang lebih komprehensif. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi penting dalam desain perangkat IoT yang lebih aman dan andal di masa depan.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) not only transforms how devices interact and connect but also brings serious security risks, such as data breaches. This study addresses these issues by combining Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and shift left security. AES is used to encrypt data transmitted through IoT devices, considering computational resource limitations, particularly in the Smart Fan System, which operates by activating a mini fan based on specific temperature threshold that can be monitored via a web app. In this research, shift left security is applied to identify and address vulnerabilities from the early stages of development. The effectiveness of integrating AES and shift left security is tested by comparing execution time and security vulnerabilities. Penetration testing is conducted against SQL injection, Man in the Middle (MITM) attack, and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. The results show a 66.67% increase in security with an execution time of 485.51 ms in the IoT system integrating AES and shift left security, without significant performance degradation. Although effective against SQL injection and MITM attacks, the system remains vulnerable to DDoS attacks, indicating the need for more comprehensive strategies. This research is expected to make a significant contribution to the design of more secure and reliable IoT devices in the future.

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"Penerapan Internet of Things di sektor perkotaan di Indonesia sudah meluas dengan semakin bermunculannya Smart City di berbagai kota di Indonesia, dengan Jakarta Smart City adalah salah satunya. Pengukuran QoE layanan berbasis Internet of Things di Jakarta Smart City belum pernah dilakukan padahal operasional layanan belum tentu menjamin tingkat kepuasan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan oleh penggunanya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur QoE layanan berbasis Internet of Things di Jakarta Smart City. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei kepada enam Dinas/SKPD maupun BUMD di Jakarta Smart City yang telah menerapkan Internet of Things dalam layanan mereka.Hasil pengukuran QoE Internet of Things melaporkan bahwa nilai rata-rata untuk parameter non-fungsional berkisar pada rentang nilai 1.58 hingga 2.06 dan untuk parameter fungsional berkisar pada rentang 0.6 hingga 2.75 yang berarti bahwa layanan berbasis Internet of Things memberikan pengalaman yang lebih baik dan bahkan sangat baik kepada pengguna dibandingkan sebelum menggunakan Internet of Things. Seluruh hasil pengukuran QoE Internet of Things memberikan hasil positif yang memberikan kesimpulan bahwa Internet of Things berhasil diterapkan di Jakarta Smart City.

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The application of the Internet of Things in the urban sector in Indonesia has expanded with the emergence of Smart City in various cities in Indonesia, with Jakarta Smart City is one of them. QoE measurement of the Internet of Things Services in Jakarta Smart City has never been done even though service operations do not necessarily guarantee the level of satisfaction as expected by its users.

This research aims to measure Internet of Things based services in Jakarta Smart City. Data collection was conducted by surveying six Dinas/SKPD and BUMD in Jakarta Smart City that had implemented the Internet of Things in their services.

The results of the QoE Internet of Things report that the mean values for non-functional parameters range from 1.58 to 2.06 and for functional parameters range from 0.6 to 2.75 which means that Internet of Things-based services provide a better and very good experience to users compared to before using the Internet of Things. All the results of the QoE Internet of Things measurements gave positive results which gave the conclusion that the Internet of Things was successfully implemented in Jakarta Smart City."

"Industri kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu industri terpenting di Indonesia, memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap ekspor nonmigas negara yang tumbuh setiap tahun. Harga jual minyak sawit dipengaruhi oleh kualitasnya, yang dijaga dengan pemantauan proses produksi secara terus menerus untuk memastikan bahwa minyak memenuhi persyaratan kualitas yang dipersyaratkan. Hingga saat ini, perusahaan kelapa sawit masih mengalami kesulitan dalam memantau kualitas minyak sawit dalam proses penyimpanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memilih alternatif teknologi Internet of Things (IoT) yang dapat digunakan dalam proses pemantauan pabrik kelapa sawit dengan tetap mempertimbangkan persyaratan penggunaan Internet of Things. IoT untuk proses pemantauan dapat membantu organisasi memantau kondisi minyak sawit dengan pengawasan yang lebih sedikit, meningkatkan kualitas pengukuran dengan bukti hasil real-time, dan dengan cepat mengidentifikasi penyimpangan indikator. Best Worst Method (BWM) digunakan untuk menimbang faktor-faktor untuk menerapkan teknologi untuk proses pemantauan, dan Complex Proportional Assessment Method (COPRAS) digunakan untuk menentukan peringkat teknologi pemantauan yang diusulkan di pabrik kelapa sawit. Hasil akhirnya adalah SCADA dipilih berdasarkan kriteria implementasi Internet of Things.

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The palm oil industry is one of Indonesia's most important industries, contributing a significant portion of the country's non-oil and gas exports, which is growing every year. Palm oil's selling price is impacted by its quality, which is maintained by continuous monitoring of the production process in order to ensure that the oil fulfills the required quality requirements. Until now, the palm oil companies are still experiencing difficulties in monitoring the quality of palm oil in the storage process. This study aims to select the best alternative Internet of Things (IoT) technology that could be used in the palm oil mill monitoring process while taking into account the requirements for using the Internet of Things. IoT for monitoring processes can help organizations monitor the condition of palm oil with less supervision, increase measurement quality with real-time evidence of outcomes, and quickly identify quality deviations. The Best Worst Method (BWM) was used to weight the factors for implementing monitoring technology, and the Complex Proportional Assessment Method (COPRAS) method was used to rank the proposed monitoring technology in palm oil mills. The final result is that SCADA is chosen based on the criterion of Internet of Things implementation."

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Internet Of Things (IoT) memungkinkan berbagai benda saling terhubung melalui jaringan internet. Keberadaan Internet Of Things (IoT) memiliki manfaat sekaligus menimbulkan permasalahan. Dengan Internet Of Things (IoT), dapat dilakukan otomatisasi dimana berbagai benda dapat diatur tanpa campur tangan manusia. Di sisi lain, akan ada banyak data yang melalui lalu lintas internet. Arus data ini mengandung berbagai macam jenis data berukuran besar yang dapat dikumpulkan dan diolah oleh kemampuan profiling sistem atau benda tersebut. Kemampuan ini dapat mengidentifikasi seseorang secara akurat. Hal ini tentu melanggar privasi dan mengancam perlindungan data pribadi seseorang. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian terhadap ketentuan perundang-undangan yang ada terhadap perlindungan hukum atas privasi dan data pribadi dalam penyelenggaraan Internet Of Things (IoT). Di Indonesia, aturan mengenai perlindungan hukum atas privasi dan data pribadi telah ada tersebar dalam beberapa aturan perundang-undangan. Namun, tetap diperlukan adanya undang-undang khusus mengenai perlindungan data pribadi terutama terhadap data yang dikumpulkan dan diolah secara otomatis dalam ekosistem Internet Of Things (IoT).

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Internet of Things (IoT) allows various objects to be connected to each other through the internet network. The existence of the Internet of Things (IoT) give a lot of benefit while also causing some problems. With the Internet of Things (IoT), automation can be done in which various objects can be arranged without human intervention. On the other hand, there will be a lot of data going through internet traffic. This data stream contains various types of large-sized data that can be collected and processed by the profiling ability of the system or object. This ability can identify someone accurately. This certainly violates privacy and threatens the protection of one's personal data. Therefore, a study of existing legal provisions regarding the legal protection of privacy and personal data in the administration of the Internet of Things (IoT) is carried out. In Indonesia, the rules regarding legal protection of privacy and personal data have been spread in several laws and regulations. However, special laws are still needed regarding the protection of personal data, especially for data collected and processed automatically in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem.

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"This book provides an overview of the most recent developments in Internet of Things (IoT) security and data protection. It presents the results of several international research projects addressing this topic from complementary angles. It starts by analyzing the main privacy and security threats on IoT, as well as the evolution of data protection norms, such as the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and their impact on IoT. Through a comprehensive and systematic approach, the contributors present new perspectives on IoT & Cloud Computing security requirements. They discuss the most recent approach to support trusted IoT, including new models of privacy risk assessment, labeling and certification, and contractual tools (such as Privacy PACT). Practical implementations, such as in the European Large Scale Pilots on IoT for Smart Cities (Synchronicity), are presented, explaining how they address security, privacy and data protection. Finally, innovative models to secure IoT systems are presented for the network and end-nodes security, including network threats analysis.Shares results from several international research projects on IoT, cybersecurity, and privacy;Combines complementary expertise from top experts in IoT, security, and data protection;Provides a comprehensive view on how to protect IoT deployments and make them comply with the GDPR."

"Perangkat Internet of Things (IoT) telah mengalami peningkatan signifikan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, pada tahun 2020 diketahui bahwa terdapat sekitar 11.3 miliar perangkat IoT yang terhubung di seluruh dunia dan akan terus berkembang setiap tahun. Salah satu tantangan yang dapat timbul pada penggunaan perangkat IoT adalah pada aspek keamanan dimana terdapat beberapa pendekatan untuk melakukan peningkatan keamanan, salah satunya adalah pada sisi kode sumber yang digunakan untuk menjalankan perangkat IoT. Penelitian ini akan melakukan analisis terhadap efektivitas peningkatan keamanan melalui metode shifting left security yaitu kode sumber atau hasil kompilasi kode sumber akan dianalisis sebelum dirilis pada perangkat IoT serta pengujian perangkat IoT dalam lingkungan internal sebelum dirilis ke publik. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan percobaan terhadap serangan SQL Injection, Broken Authentication, dan Denial of Service serta diketahui bahwa terdapat peningkatan sebesar 66% pada implementasi metode shifting left security dalam pengembangan perangkat IoT yaitu terdapat serangan SQL Injection dan Broken Authentication yang dapat dicegah serta serangan Denial of Service yang masih ditemukan setelah metode shifting left security diterapkan.

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Internet of Things (IoT) devices have had significant increase during the last few years, in 2020 it is known that there were approximately 11.3 billion connected devices around the world and is continuing to develop throughout each year. One of the challenges that may occur when implementing IoT devices is security in which there are several approaches that can be taken for increasing security, one of the approaches is through analyzing the source code that is used for running the device. This research will conduct an analysis upon the effectiveness of shifting left security where the source code or the binary will be analyzed before it is deployed onto the IoT device as well as testing the IoT device in an internal environment prior to public release. Based on the tests conducted in this research through several attacks such as SQL Injection, Broken Authentication, and Denial of Service it is known that the security of IoT devices can be improved by 66% when implementing the shifting left security method in which SQL Injection and Broken Authentication are two of the attacks that can be mitigated while Denial of Service attack still persists after the shifting left security method had been implemented."

"Peningkatan trafik mobile data di Indonesia diprediksi oleh CISCO akan meningkat sebesar 12 kali lipat pada tahun 2020. Trafik tersebut diprediksi akan terus bertambah dengan meluasnya pemanfaatan teknologi IoT secara masif sebagai salah satu tren teknologi masa depan. Pemanfaatan teknologi IoT di Indonesia digunakan untuk mendukung program smart city di berbagai kota dan diperkirakan akan berimplikasi pada kenaikan trafik. Sementara itu, Indonesia diperkirakan akan kekurangan spektrum mobile broadband sebesar 500 MHz pada tahun 2020. Implementasi teknologi IoT untuk mendukung smart city diperkirakan akan memperbesar defisiensi spektrum tersebut. Hingga saat ini belum ada penelitian yang menghitung prediksi jumlah kebutuhan spektrum untuk layanan IoT di Indonesia. Forum bersama industri elektronik di India IESA TIE IoT Forum telah melakukan prediksi jumlah kebutuhan spektrum untuk layanan IoT. Dalam rangka mendukung program pengembangan smart city di India, IESA TIE IoT Forum merekomendasikan alokasi spektrum tambahan sebesar 10 ndash; 20 MHz spesifik untuk layanan IoT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung prediksi kebutuhan spektrum untuk layanan IoT dengan studi kasus Jakarta Smart City menggunakan metode perhitungan yang digunakan oleh IESA TIE IoT Forum. Hasil penelitian ini adalah kebutuhan spektrum untuk layanan IoT meningkat 17,27 dalam kurun waktu 2016-2021 dengan kebutuhan spektrum sebesar 18,67 MHz untuk skenario 1 dan 19,91 MHz untuk skenario 2. Kebutuhan spektrum tersebut dapat diantisipasi oleh regulator dengan memperhatikan ketersediaan alternatif spektrum saat ini, peluang industri dan inovasi IoT dalam negeri serta kebutuhan regulasi terkait IoT seperti standarisasi perangkat, harmonisasi spektrum dan sistem keamanan data.

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In Indonesia, mobile data traffic is predicted by CISCO will increase significantly by 12 times in the period of 2015 ndash 2020. The traffic is predicted will grow continuously by widespread utilization of IoT technologies on a massive scale as one of the future technology. IoT is used to support the smart city program in various cities in Indonesia and expected to have implications in traffic growth. Meanwhile, Indonesia is expected to experience deficiency of 500 MHz spectrum for mobile broadband services in 2020. IoT implementation to support smart city is predicted to enlarge spectrum deficiency. There has been no study which calculates spectrum needs for IoT services in Indonesia. Electronics industrial collaboration forum in India IESA TIE IOT Forum has made predictions of spectrum need for IoT services. In order to support smart city in India, IESA TIE IoT forum proposed to allocate additional spectrum of 10 ndash 20 MHz specific for IoT services. This research aims to calculate spectrum need for IoT services in case of Jakarta Smart City. The results are spectrum need for IoT services increase by 17.27 in the period of 2016 ndash 2021 with the spectrum needs of 18.67 MHz for scenarios 1 and 19.91 MHz for scenarios 2. The spectrum needs should be anticipated by regulator to consider the availability alternative spectrum, opportunity and innovation IoT industry in Indonesia and the needs of regulations related to IoT for instance standardization of devices, spectrum harmonization and data security systems."

"AEC (Asean Economic Community) 2015 menimbulkan beberapa tantangan dalam industri logistik. Oleh karenanya diperlukan peranan dan penerapan layanan IoT (Internet of Things) untuk meningkatkan daya saing, yaitu berupa implementasi layanan smart logistic transport. Tesis ini mengusulkan model implementasi smart logistic transport di Indonesia yang berfokus pada sistem cold supply chain.Tesis ini bertujuan melakukan analisis ekonomi teknik dalam bentuk analisis komparatif layanan smart logistic transport terkait pemilihan teknologi jaringan 2G/3G/4G dan fitur MDVR yang dibedakan menjadi Skenario 1-2-3. Sedangkan pengembangan model implementasi didapatkan setelah melakukan wawancara dengan application customers,technological vendors,regulator & network provider.Berdasarkan trial implementasi smart logistic transport bulan September-Oktober 2015 dengan analisis ekonomi teknik, didapatkan layanan not feasible hanya pada skenario 3 untuk unit "CD6", di jaringan 4G. Hal ini terkait masih mahal dan belum banyak tersedianya modul m2m gateway dan MDVR teknologi jaringan 4G. Sehingga diperlukan jumlah minimum truk "CD6" dan "Fuso" pada tiap skenario agar implementasi menjadi feasible. Untuk model implementasi layanan terdiri atas 11 fitur, yaitu 2 fitur basic dan 9 fitur ad.

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Asean Economic Community 2015 has been creating more challenges in logistics industries in Indonesia. The implementation of IoT in logistic services is needed for increasing competitiveness leading to the establishment of so-called "smart logistic transport". We propose the implementation model of the Indonesian Smart Logistic Transport, by focusing on cold supply chain system.

We have conducted an engineering economic analysis of the smart logistics transport, in relation with the mobile network platform of 2G, 3G, 4G. Development of the implementation model is completed by conducting in-depth interviews with the application customers, technological vendors, regulator and network provider. Based on implementation trial in September-October 2015 and engineering economic analysis, we have found that Smart Logistic Transport is not feasible only on scenario 3 for "CD6" at 4G network. Such condition is caused by the expensive price of 4G’s M2M gateway module and MDVR.

Therefore, it requires the minimum amount of implemented truck to make implementation feasible. Our proposed model has signified 11 features, i.e. 2 basic feature and 9 advanced features, formulating the Indonesian smart logistics transport system. Due to the dynamic business process, customers may need specific advanced features in the future. By taking such opportunity, Indonesian local content developer can work to develop any relevant application features, which is needed by the logistic companies in the near future."