Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Gangguan fungsi pendengaran pada pekerja industri merupakan penyakit akibatkerja yang sampai saat ini masih ada dijumpai. Gangguan fungsi pendengaran inidisebabkan oleh pajanan bising. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuigambaran pajanan bising yang diterima dan fungsi pendengaran pada pekerja diPT.X. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian observasional dengan rancangan crosssectional yaitu meneliti sekaligus variable independen, variable dependen danvariabel perancunya usia, masa kerja, merokok, penyakit HT, penyakit DM, Kebiasaan mendengar bising, pajanan vibrasi dalam waktu bersamaan. Analisisdata adalah tabel dengan menggunakan analisis data univariat, bivariat danmultivariat. Didapatkan gambaran pajanan bising yang diterima pekerja > 85 dBAsebanyak 28 orang dan 11 diantaranya menderita gangguan fungsi pendengarandan variable pajanan bising efektif, umur dan vibrasi memberi pengaruhterjadinya gangguan fungsi pendengaran pada pekerja di PT.X.

---

Impaired hearing on an industrial worker occupational diseases that until now there isencountered. Malfunctioning of this hearing caused by noise exposure. This study aimsto describe the acceptable noise exposure and hearing function in workers in PT.X. Thestudy was observational with cross sectional design which simultaneously examines theindependent variable, dependent variable and variable perancunya age, years ofsmoking, disease HT, DM, Habits hear noise, vibration exposure at the same time.Analysis of the data is a table using data analysis of univariate, bivariate and multivariateanalyzes. It was noted that workers noise exposure 85 dBA as many as 28 people and11 of them suffer from auditory function and variable effective noise exposure, age andvibration influence auditory dysfunction in workers in PT.X."

"Industri Minyak dan Gas Lepas Pantai PT M Tahun 2018 Paparan kebisingan merupakan penyebab paling umum gangguan pendengaran, menyebabkan noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). Penelitian ini mengevaluasi gangguan pendengaran yang berhubungan dengan pajanan bising dikaitkan dengan usia, masa kerja, lama pajanan, pemakaian alat pelindung diri, kebiasaan merokok, hobi berhubungan kebisingan dan penyakit Diabetes Mellitus, hyperlipidemia dan hipertensi pada pekerja. Ini adalah penelitian observational cross sectional meneliti variabel independen, variabel dependen dan variabel perancu pada waktu bersamaan. Menggunakan data sekunder perusahaan melalui pengamatan, pengukuran dan questioner. Hasil pengukuran kebisingan area berpotensi kebisingan menunjukan potensi kebisingan terendah adalah 63 dBA dan tertinggi 110, 6 dBA,tingkat kebisingan area field berkisar 84.88 - 93 dBA. Kebisingan di area nonfield tertinggi 79.5 dBA. Pajanan bising efektif di bawah 80 dBA, baik di area field maupun nonfield; 7.1% pekerja bekerja > 20 tahun, didapatkan hubungan antara masa kerja > 20 tahun, terjadinya gangguan pendengaran pekerja sebanyak 5.6%, 40.5% pekerja berusia > 40 tahun, didapatkan hubungan antara usia pekerja dengan kejadian gangguan pendengaran. 42.9% pekerja memiliki kebiasaan merokok, tidak didapatkan hubungan antara perilaku merokok dengan gangguan pendengaran. Tingkat pemakaian APT pada pekerja didapatkan sebanyak 90.5% pekerja yang selalu memakai APT, tidak ada hubungan antara pemakaian APT dengan gangguan pendengaran. Tidak didapatkan hubungan antara hobi dengan terjadinya gangguan pendengaran Tidak didapatkan hubungan antara status kesehatan berupa profil lipid pekerja (kolesterol total, HDL, LDL, dan trigliserida), kadar glukosa darah pekerja dan tekanan darah dengan gangguan pendengaran.

---

Exposure to noise is the most common cause of hearing loss, leading to noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). This study evaluated hearing loss associated with noise exposure related to age, length of employment, length of exposure, the use of personal protective equipment, smoking habits, hobbies associated noise and diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and hypertension in workers. This is a cross-sectional observational study examined the independent variable, the dependent variable, and confounding variables at the same time. Using the company secondary data, through observation, measurement and questionnaire. Noise measurement results indicate that the potential area of potential noise is 63 dBA as the lowest noise and the highest is 110, 6 dBA, field noise level area ranging from 84.88 - 93 dBA. Nonfield noise area 79.5 dBA. Exposure effective noise below 80 dBA, either in the field or nonfield area; 7.1% of workers worked > 20 years, working life > 20 years, the hearing loss of workers 5.6%, workers aged > 40 years 40 is 5%. 42.9% of workers have a smoking habit, not found a relationship between smoking behavior with hearing loss. HPD consumption levels in workers earned as much as 90.5% of the workers who always wear APT, there is no relationship between the use of HPD with hearing loss. There were no relationship between hobby with hearing loss. As well as no relationship found between workers health status such as lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides), worker glucose blood levels and blood pressure with hearing loss."

"Kebisingan merupakan risiko dalam bidang kesehatan bagi pekerja yang kemungkinan timbulnya penyakit terkait kerja (work related diseases) disebabkan oleh suatu faktor yang berasal dari tempat kerja dalam bentuk gangguan kesehatan, penyakit, kecelakaan, cacat, dan kematian. Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan surat keputusan Menteri Tenaga Kerja No. Kep-51/MEN/1999 tentang Nilai Ambang Batas (NAB) faktor fisika di tempat kerja, di dalamnya ditetapkan Nilai Ambang Batas (NAB) kebisingan sebesar 85 dBA sebagai intensitas tertinggi dan merupakan nilai yang masih dapat diterima oleh pekerja tanpa mengakibatkan penyakit atau gangguan kesehatan dalam pekerjaan seharihari untuk waktu tidak melebihi 8 jam sehari atau 40 jam seminggu.Data Tahun 2000 di Amerika Serikat menunjukkan lebih dari 9 juta pekerja setiap hari terpajan kebisingan sebesar 85 dBA. Ada sekitar 5,2 juta pekerja terpajan kebisingan > 85 dBA pada Manufacturing dan Untilities atau sekitar 35 % dari total pekerja pada industri manufacturing di Amerika. Departemen pekerja Amerika memperkirakan ada 19,3 % pekerja pada manufacturing dan untilities terpajan kebisinganSOH 90 dBA, 34,4 % terpajan kebisingan > 85 dBA dan 53,1 % terpajan kebisingan > 80 dBA.Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan audiometri pada 103 orang pekerja di perusahaan PT. Sanggar Sarana Baja ditemukan adanya penurunan status pendengaran pada frekuensi 4000 Hz sebanyak 52,4 %, terlihat bahwa separuh pekerja dari sampel yang diperiksa pada penelitian ini telah mengalami gangguan fungsi pendengaran tidak normal.PT. Sanggar Sarana Baja adalah salah satu perusahaan berspesialisasi dalam desain dan manufaktur dari peralatan-peralatan proses, fabrikasi baja umum, dan pemeliharaan dan konstruksi untuk minyak dan gas, petrokimia dan industri pembangkit listrik yang beroperasi sejak tahun 1977. Produk permintaan tinggi lainnya yaitu Vessel Pressure, Glycol Dehydration Packages, CO2 Removal Plants, and Heater Treatment Package. Dalam proses kerjanya perusahaan ini menggunakan mesin yang menimbulkan suara yang cukup keras seperti mesin welding, Mechining, bending, rolling, setting dan alat tersebut dioperasikan oleh pekerja, sehingga para pekerja setiap harinya akan terpapar oleh suara bising tersebut, hal ini bagi pekerja/karyawan PT. Sanggar Sarana Baja dapat berpeluang untuk terganggu oleh suara tersebut Besarnya risiko kesehatan yang disebabkan suara bising pada masyarakat khususnya pada karyawan / pekerja dapat berpeluang terhadap gangguan fungsi pendengaran.Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pajanan kebisingan dengan fungsi pendengaran pada pekerja pabrik di PT. Sanggar Sarana Baja tahun 2010.Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif yang bersifat analitik dengan pendekatan rancangan studi yang digunakan Cross Sectional, yaitu melakukan pengamatan dan wawancara pada subyek penelitian dan diikuti pengukuran intensitas kebisingan di lingkungan kerja. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April-Mei 2010 di bagian/unit kerja produksi PT. Sanggar Sarana Baja.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, tingkat pajanan kebisingan PT. Sanggar Sarana Baja melebihi nilai ambang batas yang telah di tetapkan, yaitu berkisar antara 82 dB(A) - 89 dB(A) di bagian/unit kerja produksi. Tingkat pajanan kebisingan tertinggi terdapat di unit/bagian kerja/seksi area Vessel II yaitu 89 dB(A) dan tingkat kebisingan terendah yaitu di unit/bagian kerja/seksi area Engineering dan terdapatnya hubungan antara Tingkat pajanan kebisingan dengan fungsi pendengaran.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, perlunya peranan Pihak perusahaan agar mengembangkan program pengendalian kebisingan yang telah ada dengan penerapan komponen Hearng loss Prevention Program (HLPP) sebagai upaya meminimalisasi pajanan kebisingan yang diterima oleh pekerja sampai ke titik dimana bahaya terhadap pendengaran dapat dikurangi atau dihilangkan. Contoh; HLPP audit, Audiometric Evaluation, engineering control, dan administrative control.

---

Noise is a health risk for workers in the possibility of work-related illness (work related diseases) is caused by a factor derived from the workplace in the form of health problems, illness, accident, disability, and death. The Government has issued Decree No Minister of Labor. Kep-51/MEN/1999 about Threshold Limit Value (TLV) of physical factors in the workplace, in which established Threshold Limit Values (TLV) of 85 dBA noise as the highest intensity and a value that can still be accepted by the workers without causing disease or disorder health in their daily work for a period not exceeding eight hours per day or 40 hours a week.

Data Year 2000 in the United States showed more than 9 million workers daily exposed to noise at 85 dBA. There are about 5.2 million workers exposed to noise> 85 dBA at the Manufacturing and Untilities or approximately 35% of the total workers in manufacturing industry in America. United workers Department estimates there are 19.3% of workers in manufacturing and untilities SOH 90 dBA noise exposure, 34.4% exposed to noise> 85 dBA and 53.1% exposed to noise> 80 dBA.

Based on the results of audiometry in 103 people working in the company of PT. Sarana Baja studio found a decrease in hearing status on the frequency 4000 Hz were 52.4%, showed that half the workers from the sample examined in this study had impaired hearing function is not normal.

PT. Sanggar Sarana Baja is one company specializing in the design and manufacturing of process equipment, general steel fabrication, and maintenance and construction services to oil and gas, petrochemical and power industries operating since 1977. Other high demand products are Pressure Vessel, Glycol Dehydration Packages, CO2 Removal Plants, and Heater Treatment Package. In the process his company uses the machines that create a loud enough voice like welding machines, Mechining, bending, rolling, setting and the equipment operated by workers, so workers will be exposed to everyday noises such, this is for the workers / employees of . Steel Facility workshop can expect to distracted by the voice. The magnitude of health risks caused by noise in the society especially in the employee / worker can expect to auditory dysfunction.

The purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between noise exposure on hearing function of factory workers in PT. Sanggar Sarana Baja 2010. This study was a descriptive study was analytic approach used in study design was cross sectional, that is to make observations and interviews on the subject of research and followed by measuring the intensity of noise in the workplace. When the study was conducted in April-May 2010 in unit of PT Sanggar Sarana Baja.

The results showed that noise exposure level of PT Sanggar Sarana Baja exceeds the threshold value that has been on the set, ranging from 82 dB (A) - 89 dB (A) in the unit of production. Have the highest noise exposure levels in the unit / working part / section II Vessel area that is 89 dB (A) and the lowest noise level that is in the unit / working part / section area of Engineering and the presence of the relationship between the level of noise exposure on hearing function.

Based on this research, the need for companies to develop the role of party noise control programs that already exist with the implementation of component loss Hearng Prevention Program (HLPP) in an effort to minimize the noise exposure received by workers to the point where the danger of hearing loss can be reduced or eliminated. Example; HLPP audit, Audiometric Evaluation, engineering controls, and administrative control."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kebisingan, faktor karakteristik pekerja (usia, masa kerja, durasi kerja, riwayat diabetes, riwayat hipertensi), dan faktor perilaku pekerja (penggunaan APT dan perilaku merokok), dengan gangguan pendengaran pada pekerja bagian refining PT X tahun 2019. Desain studi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 66 orang pekerja bagian refining. Data gangguan pendengaran pada pekerja diperoleh dari hasil Medical Check Up rutin yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan, sedangkan data tingkat kebisingan diperoleh melalui pengukuran secara langsung menggunakan Sound Level Meter di area kerja bagian refining. Hasil uji Chi Square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara usia (OR 7; 95% CI: 1,608-30,474), masa kerja (OR 7,8; 95% CI: 0,925-65,747, dan perilaku merokok (OR 7,8; 95% CI: 0,925-65,747) dengan gangguan pendengaran pada pekerja bagian refining. Selain itu, didapatkan rata-rata tingkat kebisingan yang berbeda pada setiap unit kerja bagian refining, yakni unit kerja Peleburan sebesar 87,08 dBA, Pemurnian Perak sebesar 89,04 dBA, Pemurnian Emas sebesar 83,25 dBA, dan Waste Management sebesar 77,85 dBA.

---

This study aims to analyze noise level, characteristics of worker (age, work period, work duration, history of diabetes, history of hypertension), worker behaviour (use of ear protector and smoking behaviour) with hearing loss among refining unit workers at PT X in 2019. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 66 refining workers. Data on hearing loss among workers are obtained from the results of routine medical check up conducted by the company, while noise level data is obtained through direct measurement using the Sound Level Meter in the refining section work area. Chi Square test results showed that there was a significant relationship between age (OR 7; 95% CI: 1,608-30,474), work period (OR 7.8; 95% CI: 0.925-65,747, and smoking behavior (OR 7.8; 95% CI: 0.925-65,747) with hearing loss among refining workers. In addition, different noise levels were obtained for each refining work unit, the Smelting work unit was 87.08 dBA, Silver Refining was 89.04 dBA, Gold Refining was 83.25 dBA, and Waste Management was 77, 85 dBA."

"ABSTRAKGangguan non-auditory merupakan salah satu efek yang disebabkan oleh terpajan kebisingan selain gangguan auditory. Perbedaannya adalah jika pada gangguan auditory efeknya terjadi pada organ pendengaran, gangguan non-auditory efeknya berkaitan dengan respon tubuh salah satunya peningkatan tekanan darah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang melibatkan 30 orang pengemudi truk mixer sebagai subyek penelitian. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari data primer pengukuran kebisingan area dan dosis pajanan personal serta pengisian kuesioner untuk variabel umur, masa kerja, penggunaan Alat Pelindung Telinga (APT), gejala gangguan fisiologis, gangguan psikologis, dan gangguan komunikasi. Hasil penelitian secara statistik menunjukan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara umur pekerja dengan gejala gangguan fisiologis (p = 0,605), gangguan psikologis (p = 0,439), dan gangguan komunikasi (p = 1,000) dan antara masa kerja dengan gejala gangguan fisiologis (p = 0,301), gangguan psikologis (p = 1,000), dan gangguan komunikasi (p = 0,114). Pengendalian enjinering dan pemberian APT menjadi salah satu cara untuk mengurangi pajanan kebisingan.

---

ABSTRACTNon-auditory effects are one of the effects caused by exposure to noise in addition to auditory effects. The difference is that if the auditory interference effect occurs in the organ of hearing, non-auditory effects disorders associated with body responses, one of them is an increase in blood pressure. This study design is using analytic study with cross sectional approach involving 30 people mixer truck drivers as research subjects. The data collected in this study is derived primarily from noise measurement in the area and personal noise dose as well as filling out the questionnaire for age, working period, the use of protective ear equipment (APT), physiological symptoms, psychological disorders, and disruption of communications. The results showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between workers age with physiological disturbances (p = 0.605), psychological disorders (p = 0.439), and communication disorders (p = 1.000) and between working period with physiological disturbances (p = 0.301), psychological disorders (p = 1.000), and communication disorders (p = 0.114). Engineering control and provision of APT are some of the ways to reduce the noise exposure."

"Gangguan pendengaran karena bising merupakan salah satu penyakit akibat kerja yang sering ditemui pada perusahaan manufaktur. Hazard yang bisa menyebabkan gangguan pendengaran meliputi bising, zat kimia dan getaran. Ruang lingkup penelitian tesis ini adalah melihat dampak pajanan bising terhadap fungsi pendengaran pekerja yang terpajan bising diatas 82 dBA. Jenis penelitian adalah cross sectional study yang meneliti hubungan faktor independen berupa dosisi pajanan dalam perhitungan leq, umur dan masa kerja serta faktor penggangu berupa pemakaian alat pelindung diri serta kebiasaan dengan fungsi pendengaran pekerja. Dari survei tingkat bising ditemukan departemen PVC, CDM, CDS dan CDB mempunyai tingkat kebisingan diatas nilai ambang batas yang diperbolehkan. Hasil pemeriksaan audiometri ditemukan dua orang responden yang mengalami gangguan pendengaran. Responden yang mengalami gangguan pendengaran satu orang berumur diatas 40 tahun, bekerja pada ruangan PVC dimana merupakan tingkat pajanan bising tertinggi di pabrik ini dan sudah bekerja selama lebih dari 5 tahun. Responden yang mengalami gangguan pendengaran lainnya merupakan pekerja yang berumur dibawah 40 tahun dan sudah bekerja selama lebih dari 5 tahun. Dari hasil analisis statistik tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara Leq pajanan bising, faktor masa kerja, pemakaian alat pelindung diri dan kebiasaan merokok dengan gangguan pendengaran. Ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara umur dan gangguan pendengaran dengan OD ratio 7.99.

---

Noise induced hearing loss is one of the occupational diseases are often found in manufacturing companies. Hazard that can cause hearing loss include noise, chemicals and vibration. The scope of this thesis research on the impact of noise exposure on hearing function of workers exposed to noise above 82 dBA. This type of research is a cross-sectional study examining the relationship be an independent factor in the noise dose exposure (leq), age and working period and disturbance factors such as the use of personal protective equipment, smoking with hearing function. From the survey found noise levels PVC department, CDM, CDS and CDB have noise levels above the permitted threshold value.

Audiometric examination found two participant who suffered from hearing loss. Respondents who suffered from hearing loss a person aged over 40 years, working on PVC indoor noise exposure level which is the highest in the plant and it has been working for more than 5 years. Other participant who suffered from hearing loss is under the age of 40 years and has been working for more than 5 years. From the analysis found no statistically significant relationship between Leq noise exposure, working period, the use of personal protective equipment and smoking with hearing loss. Found a significant relationship between age and hearing loss with OD ratio 7.99."

"Penelitian ini membahas hubungan tingkat kebisingan di lingkungan kerja dengan kejadian gangguan pendengaran pada pekerja PT X. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah coss sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 110 pekerja pada area kerja AC dan mesin cuci. Terdapat 33 pekerja yang mengalami gangguan pendengaran setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan menggunakan garpu tala. Intensitas kebisingan di dua area kerja antara 86,4 dB-90,1 dB setelah diukur menggunakan Sound Level Meter. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tidak ada hubungan bermakna, tetapi tingkat kebisingan di dua area kerja telah melebihi nilai ambang batas.

---

This study aims to determine the relationship between noise levels in working environment with hearing loss occurrence in workers in PT X. The study design used was cross sectional study. Sample of this study is 110 workers in AC and laundry system areas. There are 33 workers that suffer of hearing loss after measured by tuning fork. The noise intensity in two area is between 86,4 dB - 90,1 dB after measured by Sound Level Meter. The study result showed there is no significant relation, but noise level in two areas exceed the limit."

"Bising merupakan bahaya yang sulit dipisahkan dari dunia industri. Keberadaannya dalam dunia industri memberikan suatu ancaman bagi pekerja berupa penurunan daya dengar. CDC menyatakan bahwa 14% penyakit akibat kerja adalah penurunan pendengaran atau NIHL (CDC, 2007). Banyak penelitian yang dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan bahaya bising dengan penurunan pendengaran. Dari berbagai penelitian tersebut didapatkan bahwa prevalenssi kejadian penurunan pendengaran pada pekerja akibat pajanan bising sangat tinggi, yaitu mencapai 31.81%. Penelitian dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara pajanan bising dengan penurunan pendengaran pada pekerja divisi produksi PT. Master Wavenindo Label. Disain penelitian yang digunakan adalah metoda analitik cross sectional. Uji statistic yang digunakan untuk melihat hubungan variabel ini adalah uji chi square. Penelitian di PT. Master Wavenindo Label divisi produksi ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2011. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah sebanyak 63.1% pekerja mengalami penurunan pendengaran. Dosis pajanan bising yang diterima pekerja berkisar antara 64.5 ? 95.6 dBA. Dalam penelitian ini, tidak terdapatnya hubungan yang signifikan antara pajanan bising pada pekerja dengan penurunan pendengaran.

---

Noise is a danger that hard to separate from the industry. Its presence in the industry as a threat hearing loss to workers. CDC stated that 14% of the occupational disease is NIHL (2007). Many studies are conducted to see the connection with a hearing loss of noise hazards.

From various studies it was found that the prevalence hearing loss in workers due to exposure to noise is very high, reaching 31.81%. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between noise exposures with hearing loss in workers' production division of PT. Wavenindo Master Label.

The design of the study is a cross sectional analytic method. Statistical test used to look at the relationship of this variable is the chi square test. This research had conducted in December 2011.

The result is hearing loss in workers is very high, reaching 63.1%. Dose of noise in workers between 64.5 - 95.6 dBA. Noise exposure has no significant association with hearing loss of workers."

"Ruang lingkup penelitian ini adalah gangguan pendengaran yang berhubungan dengan pajanan bising di lingkungan kerja, bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetrapan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja di perusahaan pelapisan kayu lapis PT X. Rancangan penelitian berupa studi intervensi, dimana identifikasi masalah dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan dan wawancara. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan adanya beberapa faktor di lingkungan kerja yang dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan bagi tenaga kerja yaitu faktor bising, panas, penerangan, getaran mekanis, debu kayu, zat kimia dan fisiologi kerja. Dengan menggunakan kriteria matriks, faktor bising mendapat prioritas pertama untuk diteliti lebih lanjut. Hasil pengukuran intensitas bising di bagian genset adalah 97,5 - 102,2 dBA, sawmill 84,9 - 108,2 dBA dan heating floor 86,1 - 98,5 dBA. Dari hasil pemeriksaan telinga dan pemeriksaan audiometri terhadap 22 orang tenaga kerja yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi di tiga bagian tersebut diperoleh 7 orang ( 31,81 % ) menderita noise induced hearing loss (NIHL ), 13,6 % dengan keluhan tinitus dan 36,36 % dengan keluhan penurunan daya dengar sementara. Pada uji statistik hanya umur yang mernpunyai hubungan bermakna terhadap NIHL ( p < 0,05 ), sedangkan lama kerja, sikap dan perilaku tidak ( p > 0,05 ). Cara intervensi yang dilaksanakan ditetapkan berdasarkan kriteria matriks yaitu berupa penyuluhan mengenai bising dan alat pelindung telinga, serta pemberian sumbat telinga. Hasil intervensi yang dilakukan terlihat mempunyai hubungan berrnakna terhadap perubahan perilaku terhadap tenaga kerja ( p < 0,05 ).

---

The scope of this study is hearing disorder related noise int he workplace, as an effort to increase health and safety in plywood industry PT X. The design used in this study is intervention study, problem were indentified throught observations and questioners.

The result showed that noise,heat, lighting, mechanical vibration, wood dust, chemicals and work physiology had influenced the worker's health. Using matrix criteria, noise had first priority to be studied. the resulth of noise's intensity in genset was 97,5-102,2 dBA, sawmill was 84,90108,2 dBA and heating floor was 86,1-98,5dBa. Audiometry examination showed that 7 (31,81%) from 22 persons had noise induced hearing loss (NHL), 13,6% complained about tinitus and 36,36% Complained temporary thershold shift.

Statistical test showed only age influence NHL significantly (p<0.05), but work time, perception, behaviour did not.

Intervention was chosen by using matrikx criteria. The intervetion were education about noise and ear protectors, and giving earplugs to workers at these area. The statistical test showed that education and using earplugs had influenced workers behaviour significantly (p<0.05)."

"Latar Belakang : Pekerja di manufaktur sepatu setiap harinya terpajan beragam hazard. Salah satu pajanan adalah pelarut organik. berbagai penelitian melaporkan hubungan yang kuat antara pajanan pelarut organik dengan gangguan fungsi paru obstruksi dan restriksi. Namun belum banyak studi dilakukan untuk mempelajari antara hubungan antara pajanan pelarut organik di manufaktur sepatu dengan faktor-faktor risiko dan gejala klinis gangguan fungsi paru. Metode : Desain potong lintang melibatkan 134 subyek, Cementing n=67 dan stockfit n=67. Pada bagian cementing terpajan pelarut Aseton, bagian stockfit oleh campuran pelarut Aseton dan klorin. Seluruh subyek dilakukan pemeriksaan fungsi paru dengan menggunakan spirometer menilai KVP dan VEP1/KVP. Subyek dilakukan interview untuk mengetahui gejala klinis, riwayat penyakit dahulu dan riwayat pekerjaan. Kadar pelarut organik di kedua tempat diukur. Analisis statistik menggunakan Chi square dengan p0,05. Multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik metode enter. Hasil : Didapatkan 23 orang (17%) mengalami gangguan fungsi paru testriksi. Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara pejalan pelarut organik, faktor-faktor risiko demografi dan okupasi dengan gejala klinis gangguan fungsi paru restriksi (p>-.05) /disebabkan masa kerja < 10 tahun. Proporsi subyek dengan gejala bronkitis kronik, di cementing 40.3%, stockfit 62.7%. analisis chi-square menegaskan adanya hubungan bermakna. Di bagian cementing, diperoleh hasil berikut, faktor risiko umur (p < 0.015), masa kerja (p < 0.05), dan total kumulatif pajanan p < 0.05). Dan hasil uji regresi logistik didapat bahwa di bagian cementing, masa kerja faktor risiko dominan terhadap gejala bronkitis kronik p. Kesimpulan : Dari studi dapat disimpulkan bahwa pajanan pelarut organik mengakibatkan gejala klinis bronkitis kronik yang berhubungan dengan faktor risiko usia, masa kerja, dan total kumulatif pajanan. Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara panajan pelarut organik terhadap gangguan fungsi paru. Perlu langkah preventif guna mencegah berkembangnya gejala bronkitis kronik menjadi gangguan fungsi paru. Dilakukan dengan pemakaian alat pelindung diri sesuai dengan pajanan kimia dan pemasangan local exhaust.

---

Background : Depending on the kinds of production sites, Shoe factory workers are exposed to many kinds of occupational hazards with one of them being exposure to organic solvent. Organic solvent exposure has been reported to have adverse pulmonary effects including obstructive and restrictive pulmonary diseases. The study aimed to investigate association between organic solvent exposure, risk factor, and clinical symptoms of pulmonary functions impairment among shoe factory workers.

Methods : Cross sectional study group consist of 134 workers in two different production parts i.e cementing n 67 and stockfit n 67. Subjects works in cementing part were exposed to aceton, while in stockfit to a combination of aceton and chlorine. To all subjecs, pulmonary functions testing including measurement of FVC and FEV1 FVC Value were perfomed asking about clinical symptoms and the histories of both their health and work records. Statistic analysis using Chi square p,0,05 and logistic regretion for multivariate.

Result : All of subject, 23 17 suffered from restrictive diseases. However bivariate analysis using chi square did not show significant correlation between organic solvent exposure, demografic risk factors, clinical symptoms and restrictive lung diseases p 0.05. This probably due to the short work duration of the subject 10 years. Despite this observation, it is important to note that the study strongly identified chronic bronchitis symptoms among workers in both cementing 40.3 and in stockfit 62.7. Furthermore chi square analysis showed significant correlation between risk factors and chronic bronchitis symptoms in both places. in cementing, it was observed that age (p < 0.05), work duration (p < 0.05) and total cumulative exposure (p < 0.015) were significantly contributed to the symtoms. Whereas in stockfit, the risk factors were as follows, work duration (p < 0.05) and total cumulative exposure (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that in cementing, work duration was observed to be the greatest risk factor to the bronchitis related-symtoms, p < 0.008, OR 12.100 and CI95% (1.92-76.23, whereas in stockfit, total cumulative exposure was associated the most with the symtoms p0.039 OR 6.667 CI95% )1.099-40.434).

Conclusions : The result from the present studi indicate that occupational exposure to organic solvent has significant association with clinical symtoms related to chronic bronchitis. Risk factors sucs as age, work duration, and total cumulative exposure are observed to contribute to the symtoms. However, exposure to organic solben did not significantly caused lung function disorger. Preventions are required to avoid the clinical symtoms develope into pulmonary impairment, such as the use personal protection equipment and local exhaust apparatus."